■! ,1 |v 1 t r WATERTOWN'S MILITARY HISTORY. AUTHORIZED BY A VOTE OF THE INHABITANTS OF THE TOWN OF WATERTOWN, MASSACHUSETTS. \x^ Published in ibo/, under the direction of a Committee REPRESENTING!, THE SoNS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, AND Isaac E(, Patten Post 8i, Grand Army of the Republic. y I BOSTON : CLAPP & SON, PRINTERS, 291 Congress Street. 1907. on-. o CO or ^,h^ CONTENTS. List of Illustrations x'" Preface ^^ Colonial Wars • ^ A peaceful meeting between English Settlers and the Watertown Indians in 1630. Early preparations for self-defence. Night Guards established in April, 1631. A Council of War appointed in 1634. Roster of the Second Regiment, and Watertown's first company .....•••• 2 The Pequod War in 1636. First Muster on Boston Common in 1639. King Philip's War 3 Capt. Richard Beers of Watertown killed at Northfield. Capt. Nathaniel Davenport's company of Watertown men ...••••••• 4 The Sudbury fight. Petition of Daniel Warren and Joseph Peirce for recom- pense for services at Sudbury . . . . "5 Assignment of wages to Watertown soldiers . • 7 Soldiers' land grants 8 Sketch of Capt. Hugh Mason 9 Cost of King Philip's War. French and Indian Wars lO The Revolutionary War 12 Watertown town records. The town votes to discourage the importation of British goods. Many citizens petition for a town meeting to agree upon measures for a redress of grievances . . . 13 Resolutions against violations of constitutional rights and privileges . . • • ' • • '14 Protest against unjust taxation . . . . • 15 Action in regard to the destruction of tea in Boston har- bor ..-• ^ •■•• * 16 iv Watertown^s Military History. Boycott on the use of tea in Watertown. The town appropriates £20 for purchase of powder, balls and flints . . . . . . . • ^7 Voted to order the Militia Company to drill two hours each week ........ 18 Capt. Jonathan Brown chosen as representative to the Provincial Congress ; also John Remington and Samuel Fisk .......... 19 No more money to be paid by the town into the pro- vince treasury. JC20 appropriated for mounting two cannon in town. The town votes to sustain the acts of the Continental Con- gress .......... 20 Officers of the Train chosen. Military officers selected . . . . . .21 Training expenses allowed ...... 22 Dorothy Coolidge's bill for rum, and John Draper's bill for bread, used by the men in the Lexington fight, paid by the town ........ 23 The citizens of Watertown vote to stand by and defend with their lives and estates the Declaration of Inde- pendence of the thirteen colonies. Measures adopted for raising money and soldiers . . 24 Form of tax for war expense . . . . • 25 Pay allowed to soldiers ....... 26 Citizens reimbursed for payments on account of War . 27 Committee chosen to provide for soldiers' families . . 30 The town opposes the quartering of Burgoyne's officers here . . . . . . . . . '31 Bounties granted to Continental soldiers; £500 appro- priated ......... 32 Payments to soldiers ....... 33 Appropriation of £2443 for soldiers . . . • 3^ Measures for raising soldiers . . . . . -39 The sum of £12,000 voted to raise men and procure clothing for the army ...... 41 Granted £3000 to buy four horses ; also £6000 additional for hiring men. £15,000 granted to secure soldiers . . . . .42 £34,000 to purchase beef ...... 43 Seventy-five paper dollars for one of silver. New Tender of money act not approved by the town . 44 Voted to favor revival of lately repealed Tender act . 45 Town collectors ordered to receive no more old currency for taxes, but new money or hard coin . . .46 £100 to secure beef. $Soo to hire men ........ 47 The town's stock of ammunition . . . . .48 Events leading to the Revolution 49 Contents. v The Provincial Congress 50 It meets at Watertown April 22, 1775, The selectmen allow the use of the Meeting House for its sessions . . . . .... 51 Committee appointed to take depositions in regard to the Battle of Lexington. Resolved to raise an army of 30,000 men. Dr. Joseph Warren chosen president. Voted that 600 enlistment papers be printed, and Com- mittee on Supplies empowered to impress horses or teams. Active preparations for defence . . . . -52 Address to the people of Great Britain adopted . . 53 A powerful army the colonists' only hope . . -54 Letter read from John Hancock. Aid voted to the 5000 indigent people of Boston . . 55 Supplies furnished Col. Benedict Arnold . . -56 The Receiver General empowered to borrow £100,000. 'Pay assigned to the Train Band . . . . -57 Remonstrance to Gen. Gage adopted . . . • 58 Postal rates established. Letter sent to the Indians, asking them to raise a com- pany 59 Advice in relation to a civil government asked of the Continental Congress. Lady Frankland's trip from Hopkinton to Boston . . 60 Committee of Safety chosen. Gen. Artemas Ward appointed Commander in Chief. Gen. Ward recommends large supplies for the army . 61 Third Provincial Congress .62 Mr. Edwards is admonished for calling the Committee of Safety " a pack of sappy-headed fellows" . . 63 Rations allotted to soldiers. Appeal to the Continental Congress. Proclamation by Gen. Gage, calling the Colonists rebels, and declaring martial law ...... 64 A vigorous reply to Gen. Gage. Committee report on profanation of the Sabbath, as one of the prevailing sins of the day. Dr. Joseph Warren chosen Major General. Hon. James Warren elected President of Congress. A day of fasting and prayer . . . . . .65 General Washington in Watertown . . . . (>6 His reception and entertainment along the route. Greeting by Congress. Gen. Washington's response . . . . . '67 Gen. Charles Lee's reply to an address of welcome . 68 Closing days of the Provincial Congress . . .69 vi Waiertown's JSIilitary History. General Court of Massachusetts organized. Trial of Benjamin Church for treason; his conviction and death. The Marshall Fowle House . . . . '70 Occupied by the Honorable Council in 1775 and 1776. History of the house. Sketch of G&\\. Joseph Warren . . . . '71 Lady Washington entertained. Sketch of Dr. James Warren . . . . -72 Members of the Council. Soldiers of the Revolution ...... 73 Watertown's condition in 1775. Assessors' list, showing names and estates of taxpayers. The Lexington Alarm ....... 77 Gen. Gage sends out Lieut. Col. Smith with 800 troops. Battles at Lexington and Concord; retreat of British to Boston. Watertown's creditable part ; Joseph Coolidge killed . 78 Muster roll of Capt. Barnard's Watertown company. Battle of Bunker Hill 81 Col. Thomas Gardner, being mortally wounded, was suc- ceeded by Col. William Bond of Watertown. Capt. Abner Craft's company was in this 37th Regiment. Names of the officers and men in the Watertown com- pany. Battles of the Revolution and Leading Events . 83 Washington at Dorchester Heights . . . -85 Pay Roll giving the names of the Watertown militia com- pany that took part. Soldiers of Later Battles ...... 87 Hardships and discouragements. Alpliabetical list of soldiers who served in the Revolu- tion, as taken from the State Archives ... 88 Jonathan Brown's Payments ..... 105 Sketch of Capt. Brown. His payments, as Town Treasurer, for war services and supplies. Bond's List of Soldiers ...... 109 Compiled from his Genealogical History of Watertown. Men who served before and during the Revolution and Shay's Rebellion. The Scrap Book . . . . . . . .116 Selections mainly from Rev. Edward A. Rand's scrap books. Dorothy Coolidge's Tavern. Paul Revere in Lexington . . . . . .117 Contents. vii The Battle of Lexington . . . . . .118 The Battle of Bunker Hill. The Watertown Meeting House . . . . .119 Robert Harrington . . . . . . .120 Marking Patriots' Graves. The Galen Street Bridge . . . . • . .131 The Indians of Watertown . . . . . .122 She captured a Redcoat. A Colonial Newspaper . . . . . .123 Captain John Fowle . . . . . . .124 The Powder House. Paul Revere House . . . . . . .125 The Stone Family. The late Rev. Edward A. Rand . . . . .126 Story of the Watertown Seal. General Warren in Watertown . . . . .127 The Civil War 1 29 The War of 181 2 and that with Mexico not popular in Massachusetts. Great excitement when Fort Sumter was fired upon, April 12, 1861. The Sixth Regiment starts for Washington, April 17. Watertown people cheer the Sixth Regiment at Newton and decide to form a company. Civil War Records . . . . . . • 130 Special town meeting held April 23, 1861 ; Miles Pratt moderator. Stirring resolutions adopted in support of the Union cause, and pledging faith to care for the families of vol- unteers. Voted to borrow $5000 and to raise and equip a company, allowing a bounty of $30 to each volunteer . • 131 July 10, 1862, voted to pay a bounty of $75 to volunteers under call of July 7. Bounty increased to $100 . . . . . -132 Selectmen's report of Watertown's enlistments and war payments up to Dec, 1862. $400 appropriated for reception to Co. K, Fifth Regi- ment ......... 133 Bounty of $150 voted. $7000 appropriated for filling town quotas. Soldiers of the Civil War ...... 135 Watertown's territory, population and wealth in i860. Where Co. K was encamped and fed by the town. Soldiers' Record, Town of Watertown . . . 136 By William H. Ingraham, Town Clerk. Roll of Honor. Roster of Co. K, Sixteenth Regiment. viii Watertown's Military History. Soldiers added to the company after the regiment left the state .......... 138 Death of Chaplain Arthur B. Fuller at Fredericksburg 139 The town's quota as filled July 7, 1S62. Volunteers for three years allowed under call for 300,000 men .......... 140 Quota of 9 months' men, Aug. 4, 1S62, in Co. K, Fifth Regiment. Watertown men in other commands .... 141 Recruiting Committee's Report ..... 142 President Lincoln calls for 500,000 men, and a draft or- dered, if necessary, in Sept., 1864. Watertown appoints a Recruiting Committee to fill quota. The town appropriates $5000 and citizens subscribe over $13,000 to pay for recruits ..... 143 Names of enlisted men. Names of substitutes ....... 144 Qiiota is filled, with three to spare. Civil War Service 145 First Regiment Infantry (3 yrs.) Second " " (3 yrs.) 146 Third Battalion Rifles (3 mos.) Fifth Regiment Infantry (3 mos.) .... 147 Fifth " " (9 mos.) Co. K of Watertown was in this regiment.' Fifth Regiment Infantry (100 days) .... 152 Ninth " " 153 Eleventh " " 154 Twefth " " 155 Thirteenth " " 156 Fifteenth " " Sixteenth " " including Co. K of Watertown 157 Seventeenth Regiment Infantry .... 164 Eighteenth " " Nineteenth " " 165 Twentieth " " Twenty-third " " 166 Twenty-fourth " " 167 Twenty-eighth " " Twenty-ninth " "...,. 168 Thirtieth " " 169 Thirty-second " " Thirty-third " " 170 Thirty-fifth " « 171 Thirty-eighth " " 172 Thirty-ninth " " Fortieth " " 173 Forty-second " " (100 days). . -174 Contents. ix Forty-third Regiment [nfantry (9 mos.) . • ^IS Forty-fourth i( (9 mos.) Forty-seventh (< (9 mos.) . 176 Fiftieth (( (9 mos.) Fifty-third (C (9 mos.) • 177 Fifty-fourth (( Fifty-sixth (( • . • • . 178 Fifty-seventh (( Fifty-ninth (( • » • • . 179 Sixtieth (( (100 days) First Regiment Cavalry , Second " u • • • • . 181 Third " (( • • • • . 182 Fourth " u First Battalion Frontier Cavalrv ' . • • • . 183 Second Battery Light Artillery • • • • . 184 Fourth " t( (( • • • • . 185 Seventh " (( (( Eleventh " (( (( (9 mos.) (( a (( (( (3 yrs.) . . 186 Twelfth " (( u Thirteenth " (( (( , • • • • . 187 Fifteenth " (C (( Sixteenth " (( (( First Battalion Heavy « First Regiment (( u , , , , , . 188 Second " (( u Third " (( u , • • t • . 189 Watertown's Quota of Colored Troops . " The Colored Troops fought nobly." Most of them were enlisted in Southern States, at a bounty of $125 each. Watertown Men Who Were Credited to Other States ....... Veteran Reserve Corps . . . , Soldiers of the Regular Army . The Ordnance Corps Those connected with the Watertown Arsensl. Watertown's Naval Record Results and close of the Civil War The War with Spain The Battleship Maine blown up in Havana Harbor on night of Feb. 15, 1898. War begun in April. Calls for 200,000 volunteers. Admiral Dewey destroys the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay. 193 195 196 197 200 207 208 X Watertoivn^s Military History. Admiral Cervera's Spanish fleet destroyed in Cuba, by Admirals Sampson and Schley. Losses and results of the war. Watertown men who took part in the war. The Veterans of Post 8i 211 Organization of the Post in 1871. Sketch of Rev. Arthur B. Fuller . . . .212 Record of Isaac B. Patten, for whom the Post was named. Halls occupied by Post 81. Memorial Day observances ..... 213 Testimonial to Adjutant John E. Bradlee. Reception to the Patten family. Income from fairs and legacies for charitable purposes 21^ Patriotic exercises in the Public Schools. The Post adopts resolutions in support of the war against Spain, and keeps its flag flying during the whole war. Reunions of the Veterans . . . . . .215 Rev. Edward A. Rand, associate member, sketch. Record of Rev. William H. Savage's military service. List of officers for 1907 ...... 216 Commanders of Post 8r. Alphabetical list of those who have joined the Post up to 1907, giving their war record. Notes about Post Si 230 Photograph of Post 81 231 Sons of Veterans 232 Organization and charter members of 1894. List of Commanders ....... 233 Officers for 1907. Members from 1894 to 1907 ..... 234 The Woman's Relief Corps ..... 235 Charter members. Original officers. Its Presidents up to 1906. Members in 1906 ....... 236 Outline of the excellent work of the Corps . . . 237 Watertown Chapter, D. A. R 238 Organized in January, 1898. Brief history of the Chapter, showing its patriotism and public spirit. List of Charter Members ...... 239 Original oflScers chosen. Membership of the Chapter in 1907, and names of Rev- olutionary ancestors. Watertown Women of 1S61 — 1865 .... 241 The churches closed on Sunday, July 31, 1862, after the second Battle of Bull Run, and the women met in in the Town Hall, to prepare lint and bandages for wounded soldiers. 242 243 245 247 Contents. President Lincoln's letter of thanks to Watertown peo pie. The First Volunteer ...... Interview with Sergt. Samuel F. Stearns of Watertown His record of 3 years and 8 months' service. "Fighting Joe" Hooker's letter to Gov. Andrew on death of Col. Wyman ..... Captain Banks' Diary Sketch of war events he noted in 1862. The Coolidge Monument ..... Erected in the Arlington Street cemetery, in honor of Joseph Coolidge of Watertown, who was killed in the Battle of Lexington, April 19, 1775. Dedication services, May 29, 1875. Sketch of Joseph Coolidge. The Soldiers' Monument 248 In memory of the men who served in the Civil War. Dedicated with impressive services on Oct. 31, 1889. Description of the monument. Soldiers' Graves in Watertown Cemeteries . . 250 Names of those whose memory is kept fresh in mind with flags and flowers, by Post 81, on each annually recurring Memorial Day. Arlington Street Cemetery. Common Street Cemetery. St. Patrick's Cemetery ...... 252 Ridgelawn Cemetery. Watertown in 1907 253 Its remarkable growth in population and wealth since 1861. New school buildings erected. The Charles River improvements. Mount Auburn Street widened, at a cost of $100,000 . 254 The water system purchased for $420,000. Sewerage system installed. Great growth of the debt and in the cost of maintenance of town departments. Appropriations compared for 1869 and 1906, showing many new expenses. Change in the character of the population . . . 256 The Public Library and its benefactors. Advancement of the public schools .... 257 Conservative management of the Water department. Excellent work of the Board of Health. Public parks a crowning glory of the town. The Fire and Police departments in new quarters. Highways better cared for than ever before. xu Watertoivn's Military History. Measures of relief for those in need broadened . . 258 The peril to shade trees from moths and beetles. A liberal spirit shown by Nation and Town toward the Veterans of the Civil War and the War with Spam. List of the town officers of Watertown for 1907. 261 Index of Persons LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. lO. II. I 15 62 1. Plan of the Old Meeting House in 1836 . 12 The First Parish Church. 2. The Provincial Congress Memorial ... 50 Tablet at the corner of Mount Auburn and Com- mon Streets, Watertown. 3. Home of the Provincial Congress in 1775 Exterior of the First Parish Church. Drawn by Charles Brigham, Architect, from description. 4. General Washington on Horseback . . 66 Statue in the Boston Public Garden. 5. The Marshall Fowle House, Watertown, in 1907 70 6. Jonathan Brown's Bill for service in the Pro- vincial Congress io5 7. Dorothy Coolidge's Tavern . • • .116 Remodeled in 1840 by John Brigham. Previously it had a low hip roof, and no ells. 8. Major General Joseph Warren . . . .118 9. The Old Bridge over the Charles River at Watertown . . . . > - .121 Easterly view, showing the appearance just be- fore its removal in 1906. Paul Revere's Memorial 125 Tablet on Watertown Street, Watertown. The Town Seal 126 Designed by Charles Brigham, Architect. 12. General Warren's Memorial . . . .128 Tablet at the corner of Mount Auburn and Mar- shall Streets, Watertown. 13. The Watertown Town Hall in 1907 . -130 14. Call for 500,000 Troops I34 The Spring Hotel in Watertown . . .13^ Where Co. K was boarded by the Town in June, 1861. Until 1890, a large open yard, sheds and stable were at the right of building. xiv Watertown's Military History. 1 6. Last Call before the Draft 17. Reception of Co. K, Captain Crafts, Mass Fifth Regiment 18. Portrait of Capt. Joseph Crafts 19. Reception of Co. K, Sixteenth Regiment, Mass Vol., July 19, 1864 20. Charter of Post 8r, G. A. R. 21. Portrait of Isaac B. Patten 22. A Louisiana Rebel Musket Captured, and carved with a penknife, by U. S Private R. T. Woodward, in 1862. 23. Photograph of Post Si 24. President Lincoln's Letter, of Sept. 5, 1862 25. Portrait of Samuel F. Stearns in 1S61 . Watertown's First Volunteer. 26. The Coolidge Monument .... 27. The Soldiers' Monument .... 28. Capt. Moses Warren's Memorial In the Common Street Cemetery, Watertown. 142 149 150 159 211 212 230 232 241 242 247 248 250 PREFACE. The beginning of this book is the last part to be written and printed. Nearly six years ago, at the annual town meeting of March, 1902, the following article in the warrant was acted upon favorably : " To see if the Town will vote to authorize the Sons of the American Revolution, and Isaac B. Patten Post, 81, G. A. R., to publish an Army and Navy Register for the Town of Water- town, and appropriate the sum of $300 therefor." A chapter of the S. A. R. was then in existence in Water- town, of which Rev. Edward A. Rand was president, and it was through his efforts that the appropriation was made and the work started. A committee of six was appointed as follows : Rev. Edward A. Rand, Alberto F. Haynes and George A. Alden, these three representing the Chapter; Captain William H. Ben- jamin, Captain Orlendo W. Dimick, and T. Frank Holmes, selected by Post 81, G. A. R. Rev. Mr. Rand served as chairman of the committee until the time of his death in 1903. Since then Alberto F. Haynes has acted as chairman. Captain William H. Benjamin has been the treasurer. William H. Potter was chosen to fill the vacancy caused by Rev. Mr. Rand's death. Mr. Alden moved away from the town quite a while ago, but his place on the committee has not been filled. The services of Willie M. Russell were secured and he worked with an earnest purpose in gathering from the town and state archives, and other sources, the records of military services performed by Watertown men, or in behalf of this town. Then came his death, leaving the completion of the task to the committee. xvi Watertoivti's Military History. An endeavor has been made to do this work well, yet it is not expected that the book will be found to be free from im- perfections. It has been a long, laborious, loving task, with the one object in view of permanently recording the patriotic story of a town that has been foremost in the creation and preservation of the Union ; and of those individuals who have volunteered their services, and risked their lives on the battle- field, as duly accredited representatives of the town. The ranks of these Veterans are thinning fast, but their record will live to inspire the minds of new generations with gratitude for what has been accomplished, and an ambition to keep free from stain the good name of Our Country ; its beautiful flag ever honored. Credit has been given in different parts of the book to many of those persons from whom material was obtained. The Colonial period, including King Philip's War, was described in part from Bodge's collation of facts, as taken from the Ar- chives. Further data was obtained from the work entitled Regiments and Armories of Massachusetts. Bond's History of Watertown has been freely drawn upon. In addition to the archives of this State, information has come from those of New York, Missouri and Michigan, in response to letters sent by Captain William H. Benjamin. Watertown people have assisted in various ways. Charles F, Fitz, whose time has been freely given in preparing for publication the volumes of town records, has helped in making the index for this Military History. Charles A. Stearns has furnished valuable material, and his wife spent many days in culling out from faded manuscripts at the State House the record of Revolutionary patriots, whose names appear herein. The scope of the work has been broadened, to include cuts of old war posters, and pictures of houses and places, inti- mately connected with military affairs. George P. Osborn of Watertown has prepared these illustrations with excellent skill and much care. The Committee is indebted to the printers, David Clapp & Son, whose experience in this line of historical printing has been of wide extent, for the general accuracy of the composi- tion and presswork. Preface. xvii It was not expected that the original appropriation of ^300 would suffice to complete the publication. In March, 1903, the town voted $500 additional, and in March, 1906, it added 1^200 more, but this is not quite enough. The book has ex- panded greatly from what was at first contemplated ; this was due to a desire to preserve the memory of men and places of more than ordinary importance in the history of Watertown. That it may merit the approval of the Town, and prove to be worth what is has cost in money and time, is the earnest hope of the Committee. Alberto F. Haynes. William H. Benjamin. T. Frank Holmes. Orlendo W. Dimick. William H. Potter. WATERTOWN'S MILITARY HISTORY. COLONIAL WARS. Neither Indian massacre nor battle scene has stained the soil of Watertown since it was founded peacefully in 1630. Upon the Town Seal is a picturesque representation of the first meeting between an English settler and an American Indian, each bearing in his hand a welcome gift for the other, a loaf of bread being exchanged for a fish. The banks of Charles river were a favorite home for the Red Man, who found game in the virgin forest, fish in the unpolluted stream, and cooling drink in the spring-fed brooks. Many relics of his abiding place have been found. Stone arrow-heads and other weapons, and primitive utensils, were strewn by the river side. Graves reopened have disclosed aboriginal skulls and bones. Yet peaceful as the scene appears, it was a fatal meeting for the Indian. He has disappeared forever from the place of his natural inheritance on these Eastern shores, now the home of the descen- dants of that foreigner whom he welcomed then, and of other restless wanderers from across the sea to New England. And while Watertown has not disclosed a bloody battlefield, it has been the starting place and sponsor of movements which main- tained the power of the early settler, established his independence, and ultimately led to the formation of a new Republic which has become the noblest that the world has ever seen. In a new, wild country it became immediately necessary to prepare for self defence. As early as April 12, 1631, watches or night guards were established in Watertown and Dorchester, heavy penalties being fixed against the discharge of firearms after the watch was set. Every musketeer was required to keep ready a pound of powder, twenty bullets and twelve feet of match, — a flaxen cord soaked in a solution of saltpetre. In September, 1634. Gov. John Winthrop, John Haynes, John Humphrey and John Endicott were appointed a Council of War. In the following March the Council was increased in number. Martial law was practically established, and the towns were or- dered to build magazines within a month. In 1636, the military force of this jurisdiction was formed into three regiments. Following is the roster of the Second Regiment, the first organization with which Watertown was connected : 2 Watcrtoivn! s Military History. Col. John Haynes, Cambridge ; Lieut. -Col. Roger Harlakenden, 1636; Charlestown, Capt. Roger Sedgwick, 1636-7; Newtowne, Capt. George Cooke, Lieut. William Spencer, Ensign Samuel Shepard, 1636; Watertowne, Capt. William Jennison, 1636-7; Concord, Lieut. Simon Willard, 1636-7; Dedham, no officers mentioned. The first Indian outbreak of note, the Pequod War, originated, it is said, in the murder of a Watertown resident, John Oldham, at Block Island, in July, 1636. He was an able but turbulent man, who after causing trouble at Plymouth removed to Water- town, where he was admitted a freeman. May 18, 1631. He served as the town's Representative in 1634, and the same year, Apr. I, was granted by the General Court 500 acres of land in W^atertown. The great farm lay between Waltham Plain and Stoney Brook, was bounded on the south-east by Charles River, and included Mount Feake. Cruising about with two Indians and two English lads, he ran into Block Island, where his vessel was boarded by a large body of Indians, by whom he was killed. The settlers resolved to avenge his death, and Massachusetts agreed to raise 160 men to be sent under command of Capt. Pat- rick of Watertown, who with John Underbill had been brought over as a military instructor for the new colony. Underbill was an able, efficient officer, who did meritorious service in the Pequod War, but Patrick was of a dissolute character and of little worth as a soldier. In fact so nearly was the war over before his force was ready that it was not called into active service. Gov. Winthrop in his diary had this to say of Capt. Patrick : " He was entertained of us out of Holland, where he was a com- mon soldier of the Prince's guard, to exercise our men. We made him a Captain and maintained him. Afterwards he was admitted to the church in Watertown and made a freeman. But he grew very proud and vicious, for although he had a wife of his own, a good Dutch woman, yet he despised her and followed after other women." This haughty, insolent, immoral officer met a violent death, be- ing shot through the head by the leader of the Dutch on account of his treachery in matters pending between the Dutch and the Indians. The first general muster was held on Boston Common, then a cow pasture. May 6, 1639, with two regiments, 1000 men, in the field. It was the beginning of a series of May trainings which for many years served to keep the musketeers in good trim, while affording joy unapproachable for the small boys. To the red- cheeked sweetheart and the fond mother it was a highly-colored season of rejoicing. 'Lection cake, peculiar to this season, held its fame and special flavor nearly down to modern times. Never- theless, those were serious days when firearms were carried to church, and the early settlers were constantly apprehensive of an attack by their restless dusky neighbors. Yet for nearly forty Colonial Wars. 3 years after the Pequod War there was comparative freedom from such attacks, except in isolated cases. English settlements were gradually pushed inward from the coast, until finally the Indians made a savage assault on Swansea, opening the bloody and fierce King Philip's War. KING PHILIP'S WAR. To the imagination of childhood, as awakened and fed by the school histories, King Philip, son of Massasoit, appears as one of the most picturesque chieftains of those thrilling times. There were in the Massachusetts Colony, in 1675, about 22,000 settlers, as estimated, while roaming through the forests of Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island were some 20,000 Indians. The total number of settlers in what are now known as the six New England states was about 50,000. King Philip, with a band of the Wampanoags, began the war at Swansea, June 34, 1675, which resulted in a general uprising that spread through New England, lasted for fourteen months, and ended with the death of King Philip, near his home in Mount Hope, now Bristol, R. I., at the hands of an Indian who was fighting as an ally of the Plymouth soldiers. The Massachusetts Historical Society has the lock and the Plymouth Society keeps the barrel of the gun with which the red chieftain was shot. Hadley, Deerfield, Northfield and other settlements had been practically wiped out by the Indians. Watertown assisted bravely in this the first serious conflict of Colonial days. Captain Richard Beers, one of its original pro- prietors, who had been admitted freeman Mar. 16, 1636-7, lost his life near Northfield, Sept. 4, 1675, and about twenty out of his company of thirty-six men were killed in an Indian amljuscade. He was an important man in the community, serving as select- man nearly the whole period from 1644 to 1675, and as represen- tative for thirteen years. He was also an innkeeper in the town, recommended to the court for that position in October, 1654. Those were days of respectability, sociability and jollity at the inn or tavern, which became second only to the churcli as an institu- tion of the town, while affording special opportunities for the dis- cussion of measures to preserve the public safety, as well as furnishing fuel to keep at a bright glow the martial spirit of those troublous times. John Harrington of Watertown was badly wounded in the Northfield fight, under Capt. Beers, but escaped and lived to a good old age. John Sherman of this town, pro- genitor of a family whose branches have spread throughout the country, culminating in the military glory of Gen. William Tecum- seh Sherman of the Civil War, served in Capt. Mosely's company, was wounded while fighting the Indians in Rhode Island, and was temporarily left in that State under the care of soldiers. Major Willard marched from Watertown, arriving at Groton, Mar. 14, 1775, only to find that the town had been just previously 4 Watertown's Military History. abandoned. Capt. Nathaniel Davenport's Company, which marclied against the Narragansets, were mainly Watertown and Cambridge men, to whom he made a very civil speech, and whom he allowed to choose their own sergeants. It was the Fifth Com- pany of the Massachusetts Regiment. Capt. Davenport was killed by the Indians, Dec. 19, and was succeeded by Lieut. Edward Tyng, who held command during the rest of the campaign. In the great Fort figlit, Dec. 19, 1675, under Capt. Davenport, John Hagar of Watertown was slain and Nathaniel Healy and Isaac Learned, same town, were wounded. Following is a list of Watertown men who were impressed for this company : Daniell Warrein, sr.,John Bigulah,sr., Nathaniel Healy, Joseph Tayntor, Jr., John Whettney, sr., George Herrington, James Cutting, Wil- liam Hagar, jr., John Parkhurst, Michaell Flagg, Jacob Bullard, Isaac Learned, Joseph Wright, George Dill, Jonathan Smith, Willyam Price, jr., Nathaniell Sangar, Moses Whettney, Enoch Sawtell, John Bright, John Hastings, John Bacon, John Chad- wick, John Windham, Ben. Douse, Nalh. Barsham, John Barnard, Ephraim Gearffield and Joseph Smith. The company numbered seventy-five men. Substitutes often appear for those impressed. It was a season of great excitement and general alarm for Water- town, as King Philip and his warriors came to the very borders of this town, inflamed by passion, jealousy, and the fierce de- termination to root out the foreign invaders, whom, as it seemed to them, they had untimely welcomed, and whose hands they had unwisely clasped in friendship. Watertown at that period com- prised about 29,000 acres of territory, extending from Cambridge to Sudbury, and comprising what is now Weston, Waltham, Lincoln, Belmont, and parts of Newton and Cambridge. It is novi^ about one-thirteenth of its original size. So insecure did the settlement feel that General Daniel Denison, in a letter of Mar. 27, 1676, recommended the building of a stockade from Water- town to the Sudbury river. No time was allowed for this before a serious blow was struck at Sudbury, and afterwards it was not needed. News arriving of the advance of the Indians upon Marlboro, where Capt. Brocklebank was the garrison commander with only a small force to hold the enemy in check, reinforcements were hurriedly sent from Boston under command of Capt. Wadsworth. When the latter arrived in Mailboro he was informed that the Indians with King Philip at their head were headed for Sudbury. Captain Wadsworth immediately retraced his steps, although his men were weary from hard day and night marching. He was accompanied by Capt. Brocklebank and a few men who could be spared from Marlboro. The forenoon of the next day, April 21, 'this force of about fifty Colonists met the Indians at Sudbury, were Wboyed into an ambuscade in the woods of Green Hill, South Sudbury, and were surrounded by an overwhelming force of ^iVilgd^. The Colonists fought well, but were forced by a forest "fi'f^W'rWieiat, and about two-thirds of them were massacred. A King PJiilifs War. 5 granite monument, erected by the town and dedicated Nov. 23, 1852, states that Capt. Samuel Wadsworth of MiUon, Capt. Brocklebank of Rowley, Lieut, Sharp of Brookline, and twenty- six others were slain. In the meantime the inhabitants of Sudbury were gathered in the various garrison houses, nobly defending themselves against from 1000 to 1500 Indians, whom they kept at bay. Companies from Concord and Watertown hastened that morning to their relief. The Concord men, twelve in number, also were attacked by the Indians in ambush and ten of them killed. Watertown sent a company of about forty men, who encoun- tered about noon, after a march of ten miles from Watertown, some 200 Indians. With the aid of the few colonists of that section the Watertown company forced tlie savages to retreat to the west side of the river, whence they were unable to return, the bridge and causeway being strongly guarded. Near the west shore of the river, not far from the bridge, was located the Haynes garrison house, which was so fiercely beset that its occupants were in extreme danger, although they escaped serious harm, and finally, by brave sallies, drove their assailants away. The main body of King Philip's command, possibly 1000 strong, had attacked Capt. Wadsworth's men at Green Hill. The Water- town company boldly pushed across the river for the purpose of reinforcing Capt. Wadsworth. It was a vain attempt, on account of the great body of Indians encountered, and the English re- treated to the Goodnow garrison. The shadows of night fell on the scene of battle, bringing the conflict to a final conclusion ; for when the morning light returned, the Indians, led in retreat as in attack by their monarch of the woods. King Philip, had van- ished, never to reappear under similar conditions in Sudbury or vicinity. Then the Watertown soldiers took part in the sad and solemn duty of burying the scalped and otherwise mutilated vic- tims of the conflict. A homely, but no doubt accurate, statement of what the Water- town men accomplished on that occasion is given by the following petition, in which a reasonable reimbursement is asked for services rendered. It is natural to suppose that, besides the two whose names are given in the petition, many of those who had been im- pressed for service, as previously mentioned, were concerned in the Sudbury fight. A true list of the men engaged and of their officers does not appear upon record. Petition of Dajtiel Warren & Joseph Peirce. To Inform the Honoured Counsel of the Service done at Sudbury by several! of the Inhabatance of Watertown as our honoured Captain Mason hath AUready informed a part thereof in the petion : but we who wear thear can mover largely inform this honoured Councel ; that as it is said in the petion that we drove two hundred Indians over the River; we followed the enimie over the river and joyned with som others and went to see if wee could relieve Captain Wadsworth upon the hill and thear we had a fight with the Indians but they beinge soe many of them and we stayed soe long that we wear allmost incomparsed by them which cased us to retreat 6 Waiertown^s Military History. to Captain Goodanous Garrison ; and their we stayed it being ner night till it was dark and then we went to Mr. NoicesMill to see if we could find any that were escaped to that place all though they wear noe persons dwelling there; but tliear we found: 13 : or : 14 of Captain Wadsvvorth's men who wear escaped some of them wounded and brought them to Sud- bury towne. On the next day in the morning soe soon as it was light we went to look for — Concord men who wear slain in the River middow and thear we went in the colld water up to the knees where we found five and we brought them in Conus to the Bridge fut and buried them thear; and then we joyned ourselves to Captain Hunton with as many others as we could pro- cuer and went over the River to look for Captain Wadsworth and Captain Brattlebank and the soldiers that wear slain; and we gathered them up and Buried them ; and then it was agreed that we should goe up to Nobscot to bring the Carts from Ihence into Sudbury-Towne and soe returned Home againe; to what is above written we whos nams are subscribed can testifi : dated the : 6 : of March : 78 : = 79 •■ Daniel Warrin Joseph Peirce. Our request is to the much honoured Counsel that they would be pleased to consider us in reference to our Request ; their being 2 troops of hors appointed to bury the dead as we wear informed whos charg was spared and we as j'et not allowed for what we did. Your most Humb'^' Servants to Command to the utmost of our poor S for our selves and in the behalf of the rest. Daniel Warrin Mass. Arch., Vol. 68, p. 224. Joseph Peirce Hugh Mason with Wm. Parker &. John Wayte examined Sudbury's claims and allowed £44-ios-as abatement in their last " Ten Country Rates by reason of their losses in Estates by the Common Enemy, as result of Sudburj' fight with the Indians." Richard Beers of Watertown, eldest son of Elnathan Beers, was in the Falls fight, above Deerfield, under Capt. William Turner, May 19, 1676. He was on the list of those entitled to share in the legislative grant of a township near the battle site. Nov. 2, 1675, the Council instructed Capt. Joseph Sill, a Lieut, and successor of Capt. Richard Beers in command, to take charge of the soldiers raised from Charlestown, Watertown and Cam- bridge, about sixty men, and march to Natick, and thence against the Indians, the purpose being to capture the Praying or Christian Indians of three villages. Capt. Sill was ordered by the Council, Jan. 21, 1675-6, to give direction to the constables of Watertown and other towns to send him horses and men for the transportation of ammunition and provisions from " Northbrow " to Brookfield. It was the custom for each town to pay its own soldiers, this money being distributed among their families. The following list of assignment of wages to Watertown is of value as showing the residence of some of these soldiers : King Philifs War, Abraham Williams - Richard Sawtell - - Enos Lawrence - - Jonathan Stimpson - George Woodward - Thos. Whitney - - Wm. Goddard - - - Joseph Willington - Samuel Whitney Zecheriah Cutting - John Sawin - - - Joseph Peirce - - - Theophilus Philips - John Prescott - - - Moses Whitney - - Isaac Learned - - - Joseph Bemish . . John Sterns - - - Jonathan Smith - - William Bond - - Josiah Jones - - - Joseph Wait - - - Samuel Sterns - - John Parke - - - John Fisk - - - - John Eames - - - John Bigello - - - Daniel Peirce - - - Richard Child - ■ Joseph Garfell - ■ John Cutting - - - Daniel Warrin - - Ephraim Bemish £. s. d. £. s. d. 3 5 6 Joseph Smith - - - - I 0 0 6 o 19 8 John Stone - - - - 3 3 o 8 9 Thomas Train - - 6 12 0 o 2 6 Samuel Church - - - I 18 5 o 7 8 Michel Bastow - - - 2 16 6 o 2 6 Thomas Whitney - - 0 4 2 o 9 4 John Willington - - - 2 8 6 4 i8 3 John Oynes - - - - 0 15 8 o 19 8 Henry Spring - - 2 19 10 2 9 ID Jonathan Whitney - - 3 8 2 3 3 6 William Shattucke - - 4 10 0 I 6 o Samuel Thacher - - - I 4 3 2 i8 6 Jeremiah Norcrass - - 9 5 8 lO o o Daniel Smith - - - - I 5 6 2 i6 o William Price - • 2 13 0 I 12 2 John Stone - - - - - I 10 10 2 ID o Thomas Chadwick - - I 10 10 I 7 o Samuel Perry - - - - 3 18 0 I ID o William Bull - - - - 0 4 2 I O o William Price, jr. - - I 7 3 I 2 o Samuel Perry - - - - I 5 6 o 15 4 Manning Sawin - - - 0 12 0 2 3 6 Eliazer Beeres - - 0 12 0 2 H o John Coolidge - - - 2 10 0 4 13 6 Seubael Sternes - - - 3 I ' 0 4 5 o John Hastings - - 0 19 8 o 9 o Stephen Coolidge - - I 2 2 12 6 T u r\ «rt 2 0 0 2 jonn vjyne - - - 3 3 6 Thomas Swann - - - I 8 10 2 7 o John Bright - - 4 10 0 O i8 6 Daniel Gookin, Esq. - 2 II 2i o 9 8 Samuel Wood - - 0 13 li 3 5 o Aug. 24, I 676. Indians resided in families, including that of a Mr. Yates of Watertown. In repayment for military services, certain grants of land were made. Of these, Narraganset No. 2, now Westminster, Mass., was considered the most desirable, as it was nearest Boston. It was drawn by James Lowden & Co., representing the grantees from Watertown and other towns. The committee for this com- pany was composed of John Cutting and Joseph Bowman of Watertown and James Lowden of Charlestown. His Excellency, Jonathan Belcher, was given 500 acres as his honored father's right. A meeting of seven companies was held in Boston, Oct. 1-7' 1733- 8 Watertown^s Alilitary History. The Watertown grantees were as follows : Soldier Grantee. Claimant. Thomas Sawen ------- John, son. Ephraim Cutler ------- Alive. James Cutting Jonas, son. John Barnard Alive. Joshua Biglow ------- " Wm. Shuttuck ------- " Joseph Grout -------- Joseph, son. Jonathan Smith ------- Zechariah, son. John Hager Samuel, nephew. Geo. Herrington ------- Heirs. John Herrington ------- Alive. Dr. (Palgrave) Willington - - - Heirs. Zachariah Cutting ------ Alive. John Bright -------- John, nephew. Wm. Parmenter ------- George, son. Jacob Bullard -------- Joseph Ball, nephew. Timothy Rice -------- Tho. Herrington, son-in-law. John Sherman ------- John, nephew. James Barnard ------- Joseph Bowman niece's husband. Joseph Smith --- ----- Joseph, son. Elnathan Beirs ------- Richard, son. Michael Flag -------- Heirs. John Barnard ..- Joseph Bowman, son-in-law. John Cutting -------- John, son. Joseph Preist .-- Joseph, son. Benjamin Willington Heirs. The original list as above copied is signed by "Andrew Darby, Proprietors Clerk." The company held its first meeting in Cam- bridge, Dec. 30, 1633. It is thought John Barnard, then alive, was the son of John, for whom Capt. Bowman drew in the right of his wife. Later credits of military service to Watertown are given below : £. s. d. £. s. d. Nov. 24, 1676. Jan. 24, 1676-7. Joseph Grant - - - - i i o Wm. Larned - - - - o 5 o Dec. 24, 1676-7. Josep Child - - - - 3 9 o Benony Larned - - - 3 13 6 Thomas Sawin - - - i 7 4 James Cutting - - - 2 14 o Feb. 24, 1676-7. Thomas Underwood - i 10 o Obadiah Santell - - - o 12 o The spelling of some of these names is noticeably incorrect, but their meaning can be generally understood. Our early ancestors, not being under the domination of Webster, Worcester, or even the authors of what is now known as " simplified spelling," felt free to follow a quaint and curious fancy of their own. King Philip'' s War. 9 From a sketch of the career of Capt. Hugh Mason, read before the Watertown Historical Society, Sept. 17, 1890, by a descend- ant, Charles F. Mason, a resident of this town, it appears that Hugh Mason was born in England in 1606. At the age of 28 he sailed for Massachusetts with his wife Esther, who was twenty- two years old. His original homestall of three acres, increased to more than one hundred and fifty acres by subsequent grants and purchases, was located on what are now the Hittinger and Liver- more properties, School street, Belmont. Beginning with 1638, he served for twentv-nine years as selectman, the longest period on record in that office. While not a cliurch officer, he was as- signed important duties, including that of seating the church peo- ple, tlie rules of precedence being office, age, state and gifts, a method which was far from satisfactory. He also performed duties similar to those later assigned to a justice of the peace, married couples in 1658 and for twenty years thereafter, and witnessed with a father's joy the marriage of his two daughters. May 20, 1668, the fitst recorded double wed- ding in this town. Serving as deputy to the General Court for ten years, he was a member of important committees. In Mav, 1644, he represented Watertown at a Court of Election as " Lei ft Mason" and was chosen Captain of the Watertown train band in May, 1652, liold- ing that position until his death in 1678, the training field being at the junction of Mt. Auburn and Arlington streets. Alfred S. Hudson, author of the History of Sudbury, in an extended and graphic story of the Sudbury fight, speaks of the "noble work" done by Capt. Mason and his company who " through God's fa- for" were sent from Watertown, Apr. 21, 1676. Yet it is not clearly shown by the records that Capt. Mason led his command of Watertown men, either to Sudbury or Groton. He was at that time more than seventy years old, although still active as selectman and deputy to the General Court. He was one of a committee of three to provide a plan of defence for Mid- dlesex County. The Court received a long report upon this mat- ter, as well as his reports, upon which it acted favorably in rela- tion to claims for assistance from those who had suffered at the hands of the Indians. "On the last day of August in 167S, the selectmen, of whom he was one, recorded the grateful acceptance of the gift from an inhabitant of Watertown — a black cloth to be used by the town for burial purposes. In just six weeks an opportunity came for its use — at the burial of Hugh Mason." It is estimated that about a dozen settlements were destroyed in the fourteen months of King Philip's War, involving a loss of 600 houses, and a military expense of £100,000 sterling was in- curred. Some 600 colonists, men, women and children, lost their lives by battle or massacre. Watertown, while doing its proportionate part, was not seri- ously affected by subsequent wars up to the time of the Revolu- lo Wateriown's Military History. tion, an hundred years later. Bond's Genealogical History of the town presents frequently the names of townsmen who took part in the minor conflicts which disturbed the newly developing Eng- lish colonies, but the full record of their services is not easy to ascertain. Many a hero and patriot, no doubt, sleeps in a name- less grave, for the town neglected to keep the names of her sol- diers properly recorded. Briefly is sketched the following list of subsequent encounters after King Philip's death. When the French and Indian War began, in 1690, there were about 40,000 colonists in Massachusetts. Eight small vessels with 700 or more militia and marines from this State sailed from Bos- ton, April 28, captured Port Royal with little resistance, returning a month later with booty enough to pay all expenses. Queen Anne's War was renewed between France and England, May 4, 1702. In 1 7 TO, Port Royal was a second time captured by two regi- ments from this State. In 171 1, Massachusetts appropriated £140,000 and raised 1500 men to proceed against Canada. In 1716, the State contained a population of 94,000 white peo- ple, who owned 2000 slaves. The colonists, in 1739, served in Jamaica during the war, which closed three years later between England and Spain. In the first capture of Louisburg from the French, the expedi- tion left Boston, Mar. 24, 1745. Louisburg, although supposed to be able to withstand 30,000 soldiers, surrendered, June 16, 1745, to -a force of 4000 militia. In 174S1 there was an estimated strength of 30,000 militia in this State, out of a total population of 200,000. Braddock's disastrous expedition to Canada, when he was am- bushed and defeated by the French and their Indian allies, occurred i" 1755- War was declared between France and England in 1756, and 3000 troops were raised in Massachusetts. Two years later this State furnished about 7000 men, out of a total force of 20,000. Again, in 1759, the colony raised 7000, in a total of 25,000 from the thirteen colonies. July 25 of the same year, Ticonderoga was surrendered and Crown Point was abandoned. Qtiebec fell Sept. 13, 17591 ^'^<^ Montreal the following year. The war closed with the Treaty of Paris, Feb. 7, 1763. But conditions were changing rapidly, for the breath of partial freedom which the colonists enjoyed in the New England only made them yearn for a fuller sense of freedom and independence. They had fought the King's battles faithfully and well, winning, unaided, victories against stern ranks of regular troops. In 1762, a small brigade of the Massachusetts colonists fought side by side with Old England's regulars under the red cross flag for the last time, in the capture of Havana. On the next occasion when British and Colonial troops met, it was not as friends and allies, but as foes and antagonists, at the battle of Lexington and Con- King Philifs War. i j cord. Soldiers of a common ancestry, alike brave and determined, Avhat wonder that the contest which followed was of long dura- tion, or that the result was for years in doubt. During tlie reign of the Royal Governors from 1692, when the Puritan charter was withdrawn, to 1774, when Gen. Gage succeeded Gov. Hutchin- son, the Massachusetts colony had furnished more than 60,000 men for active military service in the field, besides a greater num- ber for garrison duty. In treasure, a rich streamXvas poured forth from the constantly increasing wealth of the colonists, both for war and for taxes. .IBRA >?1^«'N THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. Watertovvn's position during the war of the Revolution was unique. Closely allied with Boston, the town was also a centre around which were distributed the other eastern colonial settle- ments. Its people saw the full significance of the gathering storm clouds. The town records, which since the first incorpora- tion in 1630 had been mainly composed of statements regarding the regulation of a new freer personal town government, and with the division of the territory into homestalls and common lands, took on a deeper tone. Liberty, entire self-government, began to be the good folks' aspiration, although at first it was manifest in a declaration and movement against unjust taxation. The people felt their power, which that wonderful colonial institution, that forum of liberty and general debate, the town meeting, had wisely nurtured and fostered. To those town records, then, we turn, and from the time-stained pages draw the causes of an inspiration that led a brave people reluctantly to rebel against the King of England, and the practical measures which that people took to prosecute a war when it could no longer be avoided. The extracts from the town records begin with a selectmen's meeting in Feb., 1770, and conclude with a town meeting in 1782. WATERTOWN TOWN RECORDS. [15] Selectmens Meeting at house of Benjamin Prentice the 22d day of February 1770. Town meeting called for the 5th day of March. Art. 15. For y*^ town to agree upon Some Measures to Dis- courage y*' Importations of Goods from Great Britain and act any thing thereon they may think best. [19] Town Meeting March 5, 1770. Then the [15] article was Reed and it was put to Vote Whether the town will do anything to Discourage y*^ importation of Goods from Great Britain and it past in y*^ affirmative. Then Voted to Choofe a Committee to Consider what is proper for the town to set in y® affair and Report at y** Adjournment of this meeting. Voted & Chofe for S^ Committee Dea" Sam^ Fisk Cap' Daniel Whitney Jon" Brown M"^ Nath^ Stone M"^ Mofes Stone M'"John Remington M'' Thomas Clarke. [30] Adjourned Town Meeting March 8, 1770. Then the Committee appointed to make a Draught of Some Proper Votes and Refolves to Discourage y** Importation of Goods TKis Drawing sr\ows a plan of ■(tie old Meefing ^iouae aii^wai when loil' used as a place of WbrjKip.-fl-D- I83fc- H stood in whaj- is now a Burial Ground on lhe corner of Mounf :^ubum arid Common 6lreet5 U was bullf in iKe year- 1755: enlarged inl8l9 and demoiiihed in-183fc-wKenanew cKurcK was built elsewhere. "Herein were held the meelinqs of lke 6ccond and TKird Provinciol Conqrcsses ir> 1175 and Kere also, "me fir6t' (ireaf and Oc^eral Courf- waj orqanizcd.pn July 19,1775. PLAN ■ OFGALLEEV • known io Kavc bccri Pew -ftolderA or "to have Kad Sittings - J630 1o 1S36 - PLAN • OF • G ROVND FLOOR Jcole J ftel- ■ °,.,.f....r Aorc TKc narrow aisles markcj tKub - »5 were colled 'cat alslei ■rtNe line-/<-B indicates iKe /(orfS- crly side of tKe building before its Enlarqement in 1819, sixteen ftel in dcpln Having Iften been eMci to \V • FROM-MEASVREMENTSOBTAINED-rROMTOVWJ EECOEDS • 1886- The Revolutionary War. 13 from Great Britaine Prefented a Draught which was unanimoufly Voted and Accepted and is on file. Voted that the town Clerk Tranfmit an Attested Copy of the Same to y*^ Committee of merchants in Boston. [65] Selectmens Meeting January 25, 1773, at house of Cap' Nathan- iel Coolidge. At this meeting a petition was presented to y*^ Selectmen Signed by a large Number of the Inhabitants of 3'® town Defiring that they would Call a Town-Meeting that the Inhabitants may have an Opportunity to Agree upon Some Meafures in order to obtain a Redress of y*^ Many Greivances which the people of this as well as the other Colonies Labour under at this time. Wherefore They ordered the Town Clerk to Issue out War- rants Directed to the Several Constables Requireing them to warn the Inhabitants of Watertown who are Qiiallified to Vote in town affairs to Afsemble at the Publick Meeting House in Said town on Monday y® first Day of February Next at one of the Clock afternoon to Choofe a Moderator for said Meeting — Secondly To Consider of the Greivances Mentioned in the Petition to the Se- lectmen for Calling this meeting as also any other that the Colo- nies in America in General or this Province in perticular Labor vmder and to hear the Pamphlet Read which the Selectmen have Received from Boston wherein the Rights of the people are Stated as also the Greivances are pointed out, and for the town to act anything Relating thereto the town may think best. Warrants were Issued out Accordingly. Pr Jon" Brown Town Clerk. At a Meeting of the Freeholders & other Inhabitants of the Town of Watertown on Monday the first day of February A.D. 1773. Said Meeting being Called by the Selectmen in Compli- ance with a Circular Letter Received from the Com**** of Corro- fpondence of y*^ Town of Boston and at the Request of more than fifty of y® Freeholders and other Inhabitants of vSaid Watertown. The Meeting being opened & Dea" Sam' Fisk being Chosen Moderator at the imanimous Desire of the town the Pamphlet containing the Vote & proceedings of the town of Boston at their meeting Nov"" y® 2o''S 1772- Containing also the State of y® Rights of the Colonists and of this Province in perticular and of the [66] Infringments and Violations of thofe Rights was Publickly Read and after Some Dabate thereon the Town Proceeded to Choofe a Com"® to prepare Something that may be proper for the town to act on the affair before them and to make Report at y® adjourn- ment of S'' Meeting was Adjourned to the Fryday following. At a Meeting of y® freeholders and other inhabitants of the town of Watertown February y*" 5''^ i773- By Adjournment the 14 Watertoivn' s Military History. Com"® Appointed by the town the first Inftant Reported accord- ing to order which was Read and is as followeth (Viz) Refolved that it is the opinion of the town that the State of Rights of the Colonists in General and of this province in perticu- lar as men as Christians and as Subjects are by the town of Bos- ton very properly Stated, and the Violations of thofe Rights per- ticularly pointed out and fully Demonstrated. Upon thofe very Important aflairs the Sentiments of the town are more fully expreft in the following Remarks &c. When we take a view of the numerous Inftances wherein our Constitutional Rights & Charter privileges are invaded and Vio- lently taken from us and the many perticulars wherein we are Cruelly oprefed, we are filled with fearfull Apprehentions that there is a Defign formed and plann Laid not only to oprefs but to Inflave us, which plann Seams to be Carrying into Execution with great Rapedity. The Consideration whereof fills us with great Grief & Anciety. For Rendering Such a wicked Defign Abortive we are willing to Contribute to the utmoft of our ability in any Constitutional way that may be thought Expedient in Conjuntion with our Bretheren of the Community ; for however deep Such a plann ma}' be laid and how far Soever advanced towards a Compleation, Yet we Don't look upon the Case Defperate. It is not Impofsible but the Snare may be broken and we may Escape. There are Seve- ral Considerations which Serve to Enliven our hopes. Perticu- larly the People in General through the Province Seam to be Roufed to a Sence of the Dangers to which their Liberties & prop- erties are exposed, and to use their utmoft Endeavors to Recover & Secure them ; we are also Incouridged by the Glorious Stand which the Representative Body of this people and the Hon^ his Majesty's Council are making in Defence of our Liberty and their united Indeavors (with a fortitude) peculier to themselves to Stem the torrent of tyrany and opprefsion which Seams to threaten to overwhelm & Destroy us. Whereby they have merited y® applause and thankful Acknowledgments of the whole province, and proved themselves truly the Guardians of our Liberties, we are eflpecially incouridged by the Considerations of the many inftances wherein [67] Divine providence hath interpofsed in Behalf of this people in times of their most eminent Danger, and wrought Deliverance for them, and it is our Earnest pryar to the Supream Governer of the univers who hath the Hearts of all men in his Hands that he would So order it in his providence that our Rights Liberties & piiviledges Civil and Sacred may be Reftored and Confirmed to us, that they may be wifely improved peaceably & uninterruptedly enjoyed by us and our Defendants till time Shall be no more. Watertown Feb'^ y'^ 5*", 1773. Sam" Fisk ] Ion'^ Brown ( ^ ... \n r^r, c r^ y Committee. MoiES Stone [ Sam^' White J The Revolutionary War. 15 The foregoing Report Read & accepted without opofsion. Voted that the Town-Clerk enter the Same on the town Records and return an attested Copy thereof to the Committee of Corrof- pondance in Boston. attest Sam^' Fisk Moderator [88] Selectmens Meeting Dec. 27-1773-at house of Mr. Thomas Wellington. Warrant for town meeting Jan. 3-1774. Fourthly — For the town to take into consideration the many Evils and DifBculties this province in perticnlar as well as Amer- ica in General Labour under by the importation of Teas into this province Subject to Duties laid on the Same by an act of perli- ment, and to See if the Town can come into Some Meafures to Discourage the Importation thereof, or at the last to Come into Some Refolutions that may prevent the Trade and Confumption of that article within the Town of Watertown untill Such time as the Duty Shall be taken oft' the Same, and for the town to act anything Relating thereto as they may think best. [89] Town Meeting of Jan. 4-1774, after other business had been transacted adjourned to the house of Mr. Bezaleel Learned "to meet in half an Hour from this time." The town being meet at M^" Bezaleel Learneds House accord- ing to adjournment The Moderator Oppened the Meeting and the article Relating to East India Company's Sending Teas into this province Subject to Duty, being Read and after Consideration and Debate thereon. The Town Expreft their minds on this occation in manner and form as Entered on the next page. [90] Taking into Consideration the Difuefsed Scituation of this province as Well as the other Britifh American Colonies Occa- tioned by the Britifh Parlimenls Claiming a Right to tax the Colo- nies & bind them in all Cafes whatsoever. Thereby Denying us an Exclufive Right to tax ourSelves and Dispoling of our own properties, and have actually levied a Tax upon the Colonies by Impoling heavy Duties on Sundry articles Imported by the Colonies for the Exprefs purpofe of Reifing a Revenew to the Crown, and the Injurious Application of the Revenues So unjustly Extorted from us (Viz) for the Support of Civil Government and Defraying the Charges of the Administration of Justice. The bad Effects whereof are already felt in this Colony by Rendering one Branch of the Legislative Court intirely Independent of the others for its Support, and the Afpect is no lefs threatning with Refpect to the Executive part of Government. — having a tendency (as we apprehend) of Saping and finaly overthrowing our Civil Constitution of Government and Introducing an arbitary one. The publick Difstrefs is Greatly Increased by a late act of parli- ment, Impowering the East-India Company to Export their Teas 1 6 Watertowft's Military History. to America Subject to Duties upon its being Landed. — and the proceedings of Said Company in Confequence of Said Act in Shiping a Very large Qiiantity for the Colonies a Large Qiiantity whereof hath lately arived in Boston Harbour, whereby the In- habitants of Boston and the Neighbouring towns has been greatly alarmed, which has Occationed the Inhabitants of Boston & the Neighbouring towns to afsemble and Confult how the fatal Confe- quences of Landing & Vending Said Teas might be Prevented, and we are fully of oppinion that the people had a Right thus to meet & Confult for their Common Safty. We Read that the Jews in a State of Captivity & Slavery under an arbitary King when a Decree was gon forth to Deftroy them had Liberty to afsemble together & Defend themSelves & Confult how to ward off the blow that was coming on them by Preventing the wicked Edict being Carried into Execution, — under Providence they were Won- derfully Succeeded having the kind Influences of a good Mordica in their favour who not acculing of Riot Sought their welfare & was Accepted by the multitude of his Bretheren, — and we are also fully of oppinion that the people afsembled at Boston on the 14"' & 16'^'^ of December last, had no Design or Desire that the Tea on Board the Vefsels in the Harbour Should be Deftroyed or any waj' Damaged but on the Contrary were very Desirous and ufed their utmost Endeavours that Said Tea might be Safely Returned to the owners thereof. [91] But that the Destruction of the Tea was occationed by the Custom House oflicers and the Govenors Refuling to grant a Clearance and pals for the Vefsel that was Deligned to Carry Said Tea back to the owner, from whence it came. Being Influenced by y'' foregoing Considerations Dreading of Slavery with which we Seem to be threatened, and being True Friends to Liberty to which we have an undoubted Right, we would Exert ourSelve; to the utmost of our power to avoid the former and Secure th^ latter : and we would be Glad to be joined by all our Bretheren on the Continent (in like Tribulation) in this Laudable attempt, For this purpofe we Refolve, First To indeavour to Discourage & as far as it lies in our power prevent the Importation or bringing of Tea into this prov- ince by the East India Company or any others, and accordingly Declare that for y*^ futer we will not Purchefe any Tea nor Sufler it to be used in our Families. Second That we will have no Dealings with an Shopkeeper or Tradsman or any others who Shall persist in Buying or Selling or useing of Tea in their Families. Third We give it in Charge to our Selectmen for the time be- ing not to approbate any perfone for a Tavernkeeper or a Retailor who Shall Supply any Company or persons with Tea or Shall perlist in making use of it in their Families, and that they use their indeavours to prevent any Such from having their licenses Renewed. The Revolutionary War. 17 4 That in case any Teas Should be Imported by the East India Company or any others into this province, we will to the Utmost of our ability oppofe the Receiving and using Said Tea. 5 That if any perfons in this town Shall persist in Selling or Buying or Confuming any Teas Contrary to the true Intent & meaning of the fore going Refolves they Shall be Looked on as inemical to their town & Country and treted accordingly. 6 That the foregoing Refolves be in force and fully Executed till the Duties aforeSaid are taken off and no longer. Then it was put to Vote whether the foregoing Refolves &c : be agreeable to the town and it pafsed in the affirmative unani- mously, and Voted that the town-Clerk Record the Same and transmit a Copy to the Committee of Correfpondence for the town of Boston which was don accordingly & attested by JoN^ Brown Town- Clerk. [107] A general public Town Meeting June 27-1774, by adjournment. The Selectmen Informed the town that there not being a Suffi- cient Stock of ammunition belonging to the town they had pur- chafed four half Barrils of powder & purpofe to purchafe Some Balls & Flints, and after the town had Conlidered the matter, they Voted and appropriated the Sum of £20 pounds out of y^ money arifeing by the Sale of the pews to pay for S*^ : ammunition. Selectmens Meeting July 4-1774, house of Mr. Thomas Wel- lington. Warrant for Town Meeting July 18-1774, was drawn. (3) To agree where the Ammunition that has lately been purchafed shall be kept, and to act thereon as they See fitt. [108] (4) To take into confideratlon the difficult and Diftrefsed State to which this province in perticular as well as America in General are brought into by any late acts of y*^ Britifh Parlement, and to Agree upon Some proper meafures that will have a tendency to Relieve us under the prefent Burdens Occasioned thereby. (5) For the town to agree upon Some way to pay their part of the Expence of the purpofed Congrefs, and to do any thing thereon they think proper. (9) To know the minde of the town whether they will grant Some Releif to the town of Boston under their present Diftrefsed Circumftances and to Do thereon as they see fitt. Town Meeting July 18-1774. Voted that the ammunition that has lately been bought be kept in the Meeting Houfe. The (4) article being Read together with a Covenant purpofed to be Signed and after Some Debate thereon it appeared that the Form of the Covenant was not altogether agreable it being moved 1 8 Waierto-iv?t's Military History. & Scconeded that a Committee Should be Cliofe to make a New Draft of what will be proper for the Inhabitants to Sign. r M"" Mofes Stone Dea" Sam' Fisk Voted and Chofe for S*^* : Committee \ Jon"^ Brown M"" Josiah Capen M^ Nath' Stone Voted that they make Report at the adjournment of this meeting. Then Voted & Granted the Sum of i : 13:8 towards y** Intended Coiigrtfs as their part of the Expence. Adjourned to 4th. Monday of August. [110] Adjourned Town Meeting Aug. 22-1774. at this Meeting it was Voted that the Selectmen are Desired to meet with Such perfons as may appear at a purpofed meeting to be held at Concord on the thirtieth day of this present month which may be Sent from the Several towns in this County to Confult what may be proper to do in order to preferve our Char- ter Rights also Voted that the Selectmen Shall have Resfon- able pay for their time and Expence while in Said Service. [Ill] Adjourned Town Meeting Sept. 5-1774. The meeting being opened & the Refolves Entered into by the members of the County Meeting held at Concord being Read. The Qiiestion being put whether tliey be agreeable to the minde of the town and it paft in the affirmative. and it was Ordered that they be Recorded in the town Book. upon a Motion made & Seconded, it was Voted that it is y® minde of the town the officers of the Melitia Company that Relide in the town Should Exercife all such perfons as belong to the towns & all others that Refide therein two Hours in each & every week in Armes &c during the three fall months alfo take a View of the Armes & ammunition of all the perfons borne on the alarm list and Report the State thereof to the town at the adjournment of this meeting — also Voted that all perfons that are borne on the Arlarm & Training band list be provided with armes & ammuni- tion accordingly the First monday in October Next. Voted that the Selectmen Secure the town Stock of ammunition in the best manner they Can. Adjourned to i^* Monday in October. [113] Town Meeting October 1774. Capt. Jonathan Brown was chosen as Representative to a Pro- vincial Congress to be held at Salem Oct. 5th. 1774. Voted to Choofe a Com*'^'' to draw up Some Inftructions to give their Representative &c. Adjourned Meeting 5 o'clock same day. The Revolutionary War. 19 [113] a motion was made & Seconded & it was put to Vote whether it is the minde of the town that Jonathan Brown who is this day Chofen Representative Should joine with the Representatives of the Several towns in forming a Provincial Congrefs and it paft in the afirmative. Then it was put to vote whether the town will Choofe one or more perfons to joine with the Reprefentative in forming the Said Congrefs and it paft in the afirmative. Then they voted & Chofe for Delegates to joins S*^ : Congrefs at Such time and place as may be appointed M'^' John Remington and A'F Samuel Fisk. Then a Motion was made to know y® minde of the town Whether it is advifable for the Collectors of Tax's to pay any more money into the province Treafury at prefent and they voted that it was their opinion that they Should not till further orders from the town, and that the town will Save the Collectors harmlefs from all Charges that may arife by their So doing. Then it was Voted that the Collector Should proceed to Com- pleat their Collections as Soon as may be and pay the money into the town Treafury till further orders of the town. [114] Town Meeting Oct. 17-1774, by adjournment. Then the Qiiestion was put whether the town will mount & Equip two peices of Cannon now Lodged in the Town at their own Charge and it past in the affirmative. Then it was Voted to Choofe three perfons as a Committee to git Said work don. r M"" David Sanger Voted & Chofe for S^ Committee -] M"^ Jonas White ( M' Abner Crafts [115] Selectmens Meeting Nov. 17-1774. Warrant drawn for Town Meeting Nov. 2i-i774' Second to Grant money to pay for the two Carriages to the two peices of Cannon that were Ordered to be procured at the Expense of the town. (5) For the town to do or act any thing that they may Judge Necessary for to Carry the Refolutions of the Continental and Provincial Congrefs's into Execution by any Grants of money or otherwife as they think proper. Town Meeting Nov. 21-1774. Voted and Granted £20 pounds to pay for the Carriages for the Cannon. Adjourned to i o'clock Dec. 12-1774. [116] Town Meeting Dec. 12-1774, adjourned at 4 o'clock to Mr. Bez. Learned's at Said time & place. The meeting being opened & after y*^ Reading the Afsociation entered into by y® Several Delegates of the Colonies in a Congrefs held at Philadel- 20 Watertown's Military History. phia on y« 20 Day of October last also the Refolutions of the Provincial Congrefs. They Voted to Choofe a Committee of nine perfons to See that Said Afsociation & Refolutions be prop- erly Executed. M"" John Remington M"" Josiah Capen M'- Sam^ Soden M-- Tho« Clark Voted to Chofe for Said Committee ( M^ David Sanger M"^ Nathan Coollidge M^ Sam' White Col« Wm Bond M"^ Edw*^ Harrington jun"" Voted & Chofe (Capt. Jonathan Brown) to be Capt of the train. (Note : — The name of Capt. Jonathan Brown is taken from the files of 1774.) w. M.R. Voted & Chofe M'' David Sanger to be Leiu*. Voted that they Appoint Such other officers as are needful. Voted to Choofe a Committee to Draw out on Qiiarter of the Melitia Company as minit men agreeable to the advice of Congrefs. f Col° Wm Bond Voted & Chofe for Said Committe -j L' Sam' Barnard ( Enl^John Straton [117J Selectmens Meeting Dec. 23-1774. Warrant for Town Meeting Jan. 2-1775, ^ o'clock. to Choofe one or more perfons to Reprefent Jhe town in a Pro- vincial Congrefs Propofed to be held at Cambridge on the first Day of February Next. and Likwife to warn all the Training Soldiers borne on the training list, & also all that are borne on the alarm list to appear at the meeting House at half past one of the Clock the Same Day. [118] For the Town then and there if they think proper to Choofe officers for the Milletary Company, and Draw out minit men agreable to the advice of the provincial Congrefs, and to determin upon What pay they Shall have for their Service and to Grant any Sum of money for that purpofe they think fitt. and to do or act any thing the town may Judge Necefsary to put the Melitia of this town into the best posture of Defence. Town Meeting Jan. 2d-i 775- Voted to Choofe but one perfon for the purpofe aforesaid. Then the Votes were Called for bro* : in Counted & Sorted and it appeared that Jonathan Brown was unanimously Chofen. Then it was Voted that he Shall have power to Joine with the other members of the Congrefs when meet to adjourn from time to time and to any other place if they think proper, and to Con- The Revolutionary War. 21 tinue their Scfsion & Sefsions until the Tuesday before the last Wednesday in May Next- Then a motion was made & Seconded and Voted to Chool'e a Committe to prepare a Draught of a proper Covenant for the In- habitants of the town to Sign to, and to make Report to tlie town at the adjournment of y^ meeting. ' W Chris^ Grant Voted & Chofe for S*! : Committe < Jon'^ Brown Dea" Sam^ Fisk M'' Josiah Capen M'' Mofes Stone [119] Then the Article Relating to the Miletary Company was Read and Some debate it was Voted to Choofe officers for the Company with the addition of one more Leiutenant than what was before. Then they Voted & Chofe the following perfons for officers (Viz) Samuel Barnard Captain John Stratton i Leiu' Phinehas Stearnes 2 D'' Edward Harrington Eniign Samuel Sanger y® i ] Stephen Whitne}' i Abner Crafts "2(0.4 Isaac Sanderson jr 2 C t- r U Chris"" Grant jr " 3 [ ^ Mofes Stone jr 3 ^ Josiah Capen jr " 4 J Nath^ Bright 4 * Voted & Granted the Sum of 53 : 19: 2 to be improved for Defraying the Necefsary Charges of the Province as may be tho' proper by the Provincial Congrefs, and to be paid to Henry Gard- ner Esq"" of Stow who has been Appointed Receiver General for the Province by the y** late Congrefs. (* This vote was omitted from its proper place ; see above.) w. M. R. [120] Town Meeting Jan. -1775, by adjournment. It was moved & Seconed to know whether the town will Choofe or Draw out minuit men and it was put to vote and it paft in the Negative. Then it was Put to Vote whether the town will grant any money to incourage the learning the miletary art & it pafed in the affirm- ative. Then Voted to Grant and allow 4 Coppers to each for his at- tendance once a week to learn military Exerlice to be laid out for Refrefhment. Also voted to allow one Shilling to pay for Fifing at each meeting. Then Voted & Chofe the four Commifsion officers with the Sergants to be a Committe to lay the money out. Then y® Com"*^ appointed to prepare a Covenant Reported which was accepted. Town Meeting Feb. 6-1775. 22 Waiertoivn's Military History. Adjourned to Mr. Bezaleel Learned's House, The town being meet at M"^ Learneds after Reading the War- rant, it was put to Vote whether it be the minde of the town that the Committe appointed to mount y'' great Guns do not Compleat the Same till after the Congrefs Rifes & it past in the affirmative. Voted that y*^ Representative take advice of Some of the Con- grefs Relating to y*^ purpofed Afsociation in Such way and man- ner as he thinks proper. [131] Town Meeting Feb. 20-1775. after Reading an adrefs from the Congrefs to the Inhabitants of this province with the Refolves &c : and after Some Debate on the publick affairs it was Voted that the Committe appointed to mount the Great Guns Compleat the Same as Soon as may be. Selectmens Meeting Feb. 21-1775. Warrant for Town Meeting March 6-1775. 21 For the town to take into consideration the Difficult State of the publick affairs, and do or act any thing Relating to En- courage the miletary, or any thing to forward the payment of the money Designed for the use of the province and act any thing Re- lating thereto as the town Judge best. [133] Town Meeting March 6-1775. Miletary au"^^ To Col° W™ Bond for fifing - . - - To Cap*" Samuel Barnard for Expence at trainings To L* John Stratton for D« To L* Phinehas Stearns for D° _ _ _ To Enf" Edward Harrington for D° - To Serjant Samuel Sanger for fifing - - - To the wid° Dorothy CooUidge for Drinks &c - [126] It was Voted before the adjournment of the meeting that every man that Appeared to Exercife in either of y*^ miletary Companys Shall Receive the Same allowance as before, till the adjournment of the Meeting. [127] Town Meeting March 13-1775 Then the accounts of y'' Committe that were Appointed to mount and Equip the Cannon were Read & after Considering the Same, The town Voted to Choofe a Committe to Examin The accounts and Report to the town their next meeting. i M'" Nath° Stone Voted & Chofe for Said Committe I Jon'* Brown ( Lt : Phin : Stearnes 0 6 0 I 0 5 2 7 10 2 0 10 2 2 0 10 4 2 0 7 0 0 I 10 2 3 The Revohitionary War. 23 The (31) article being Read and it being moved to know if the town will Continue to encourage the learning y*^ miletary art and it was Voted that y'^Same allowance be Continued as was allowed at former meetings (Viz) 4 Coppers per man each time he attends to Exercife provided it be not more than once a week & allowance For Fifers as before. [138] Selectmens Meeting May 24-1775 Warrant for Town Meeting May 29-1775. To Choofe one or more Representatives to attend the Provincial Congress to be held at Watertown Wednesday May 3 1 -1775- [129] Town Meeting May 29-1775. Cap*^ Jonathan Brown was Chosen to Reprefent the town in a Provincial Congieis appointed to be Convened at the above Said Meeting House on the 31"^ Day of this inftant month of Mav. [130] Selectmens Meeting July 10-1775. Town Meeting called for Jul}' 17-1775 to elect Reprefentative to a Gen. Court to be held in Water- town July 19-1775. Cap' Jonathan Brown was Chosen. [136] These amounts were allowed at the March Meeting 1776. Wid" Dorothy Coollidge for Rinn v^ 19 Day of april \ q for the men in the Lexington Battle - - \ her other account for Training Expence - - - Major Sam' Barnard Training Expence _ - - Cap' Phinehas Stearnes for D'' - L' Edward Harrington jr for D° . - - - Cap' Sam' Fisk for D° .... M"" John Draper for Bread at the Lexington Battle on y® 19 Day of April 1775 - - - - -114 [137] Town Meeting May 20-1776. f Sam' Fisk Esq^ I M'' Nath' Stone Voted & Chofe a Com"'' of Correspondence \ M' Mofes Stone I M"^ Jede" Leathe [ M^ Richard Clark [142] Town Meeting May 20-1776. Then a Refolve of the late House of Representatives Relating to the Congrefs of the thirteen united Colonies Declaring them In- dependent of Great Britain. The Qiiestion was put to know y® minde of the town whether they will Stand by & Defend the Same with their lives and Estates & it past in the affirmative unanimously. 2 2 3 0 4 0 0 4 0 0 9 4 2 8 2 24 WatertoWTi's Military History. [144] Meeting of Selectmen July 2-1776. Warrant for Town Meeting, same day. (2) To Agree upon Some Proper method for Railing Water- towns part of the five thousand men ordered for the Defence of this Country, and to Grant a Sum of money to forward the affair, and to act thereon as they See fitt. Town Meeting July 2-1776, house of Mr. Samuel Willington. Then Voted & Granted the Sum of Six pounds Six Ihillings & eight pence to each perfon that Shall inlist into the Service for the town of Watertown for the present Service till Watertowns proportion is Complaeted. Voted that the S'' : Sum be allowed to thofe that inlist within two days. Voted that all thofe perfous that are now in the Service & thofe that are going be Excufed from paying a pole tax toward the above Voted Bounty. Voted that the Town Treafurerbe impowered to hire the money to pay the the Bounty untill Such time as the money Can be afsest. Voted that the assessors be Defired to afses the Inhabi- tants of this town to Raife money to pay this Bounty emediatly in a Separete list. [145] Voted that the afsefsorsbe Directed that where any perfons hold lands by lease or otherwise that they lay the tax on the Landlords. It was moved to allow the bounty Granted at the former meet- ing to Such as inlist on or before the fifteenth Day of this month which was Voted and allowed. Adjourned Town Meeting July 15-1776. It was Voted that the bounty be allowed till the thirty men be inlisted as Required as Watertowns proportion of the five thousand. [146] Meeting of Selectmen Sept. 23-1776. Warrant for Town Meeting Sept. 30-1776. (4) For the town to agree upon Some Proper method for Railing men for the Defence of the united States of America and to act any thing Relating thereto the town may think best. and also to Warn all the Male Inhabitants of the town that are free being twenty one years of age & upwards to afsemble at Said time & place to Consider and Determin whether they will give their Consent that the present House of Representatives with the Council Should agree upon a Form of Government for this State and act thereon as they See best. [147] Town Meeting Sept. 30-1776. Then the 4'^'' Article was Read and after Debate thereon it was Voted to Choofe a Committe to Consider thereon and Report what way they think will be best for the town to proceed in Raifing The Revolutionary War. 25 men for the Defence of america for the Futer & make Report at M-^ Sami White M'^ David Bemis the adjou' Voted «&: Chofe for S'' : Committe { M"" Josiah Capen M"" David Sanorer M'" Mofes Stone [148] Adjourned Tow^n Meeting Oct. 7-1776. Then the tov\^n took into Consideration a Refolve of the Gen' Court of the if"^ of September hist ReLiting to a Form of Govern- ment and after Debate thereon They Voted unanimously that they give their Consent that the present Houfe of Reprefentatives with the Council Should Form a plan of Government for the State to be laid before the Several tow^ns in the Same for their Considera- tion before it be Ratified. [149] 2nd. adjournment of above meeting to Nov, 25-1776. The Committee appointed to conlider the Matter Relating to Raising men for the Defence of the Country made Verball Report that they had not don any thing on the affair. Then it was Voted not to act any thing on that article. [150] Selectmens Meeting Mar. 4-1777. Warrant for Town Meeting March 10-1777. (3) To know the minde of the town whether they will come into Some Method to proportion the Charge that has already been by hireing men to go into the Service, and to act any thingthere- on as they tbink proper. (4) To know the minde of the town what method they will take to Raife Watertowns proportion of men to Compleat the Continental Army and to act thereon as they think proper. (5) To Choofe a Committe of Correspondance &c agreeable to a Refolve of the General Court. [154] Town Meeting March 10-1777. f M>- Rich'! Clark M"" Josiah Capen Voted & Chofe Com*'® of Corespondence { M"" Edward Richardfon I M"" David Sanger I M'' Stephen Harris [155] Then the 3d Article was Read & after Debate thereon it was Voted that the town will leave the whole Charge of the war in Equal proportions as They pay other Taxs. Voted to Choofe a Committe to bring in an Account of what has already arifen &c. Voted & Chofe for S^ : Committe Maj'' Sam' Barnard Cap* Phin' Stearns Clerk Nathan Coollidge \ M^ David Bemis M'' David Sanger L* Josiah Capen ju' M"" Elijah Bond 26 Watertorvft's Military History. Voted that y^^Committe bring in a particular account what each man has don. Then the 4"^ article being Read after Debate thereon : Voted to Choofe a Committe to procure men at y^ Expence of the Town. Voted that the Selectmen be a Committe for Sd : purpofe Voted & added Mr: Simon Whitney — L* : Chris': Grant ju. Voted that v^ Committe give £24 pounds p'' man if they Cannot be had for lefs & have power to hire money for y® purpofe in the Name & behalf of the Town. [156] Then the Com"® Appointed to Consider what Services perfons have don in the War & make Report. Their Report being Read after Debate thereon Voted to Re- commit the Report & add four more to the Committe, Voted & chofeMefs"^: Sam^: White, Daniel Sawin, Sam^ : Fisk Esq"^ : & M"": W'": Hunt. Then M'' : Edward Richardfon Excufed himfelf from Serving on the Committe of Correspondance and M'' : Daniel Coollidge was Chosen in his Room. [158] Town Meeting March 31-1777, by adjournment. Then the Report of y*^ Com"® appointed to Consider what Ser- vices each perfon has don for the town the present war was Read & was Voted & accepted and is as follows (Viz) : Watertown 2*^"^ of March 1777. The Com**" Appointed by the Town to take into Consideration the .Services don for the town in the present war, and what each Soldier Shall be allowed for their Refpective Services, Exclusive ofthe pay from the Continent or State beg leave to Report as follows (Viz) : (i) That there be paid bv the town to each Non-Commifsion officer & Soldier that engaged in the Service for eight months in 1775 the Sum of 2 pounds each y® N'* 35 is - (2) That there be paid bv the town to each ] Non-Commifsion officer and Soldier that march®'' ! from Cambridge to New York & from thence to [ Canada twenty pounds each 19 in Number - J (3) That there be paid by the town to each ] Non-Commifsion officer & Soldier that march'd (^ to New-York & engaged in the Service one year [ £10 each being four in number - - - J Carried Forward . - - £70 : 0:0 380 : 0:0 40 : 00 : o £490 : o : o The Revolutionary War. 27 Bro : forward - - - - (4) That there be paid by the town to each Non-Cominifsion officer and Soldier thatengaged for one year & marched for Ticonderga in Aug' 1776 -£6 each Number being 6 is . (5) That there be paid by the town to each Non-Commifsion officer and Soldier that engaged in the Service in July 1776 for five montiis Ex- clufive of those y*^ were hired £5 each y*' Num- ber being 5 is- - - - - - -J (6) That there be paid by the town to each ] Non-Commifsion officer and Soldier, that en- gaged in the Service for two months and Marched for New- York Ocf 1776 JC5 each (exclufive of those that were hired) being 9 in Number is - J (7) That there be paid by the town to each Non-Commifsion officer and Soldier that en- gaged in the Service for three months and marched to New- York in Dec'' 1776 (Exclufive of those that were hired) £8 one only went (8) That there be paid by the town to the following perfons the Refpective Soms affixed against their names, being money Expended by them for the benefit of the present War (Viz) : To Cash paid by David Stone To D° bv John Draper . . . To D° by Richard Everitt - To DO by S;uni White - - - - To D° by Simon Whitney - - - To D° by William Leathe - To D" by Nathaniel Blight To D" by Ezekiel Hall To D° by Mofes Coollidge - To D° by Nathaniel Bemis - To D" by Joel White - - - - To D° by Samuel Soden To D« by Elijah Bond To D° by Josiah Capen . . - To D" bv Samuel Barnard - To D° by Mofes Stone To D° by Jonas White no bounty rec*^ from y*' town Carried over _ . _ 490 36 25 45 £604 o : o O : o o: o o : o o : o 6 13: 4 6 13: 4 6 13: 4 7 13: 4 7 13: 4 6 13: 4 6 13: 4 7 0 : 0 6 13: 4 6 13: 4 6 13: 4 7 1=;: 4 4 6: 8 6 13: 4 7 13: 4 7 5: 3 £)ii2 : 15 : 4 28 Watertown's Military History. [160] bro'over - - . . To Cash paid by John Sthnson To D° by Stephen Whitney To D'* by Simon Hastings - To D° by Daniel Whitney - To D° by Nathaniel Coollidge To D° by Amos Bond To D" by Josiah Norcrofs - To D** by Thomas Clark To D° by Thomas Harrington To D° by John Cook - - - To D° by Bezaleel Learned To D° by Thomas Pattin To D" by Phinehas Stearnes To D** by Samuel Hager To D° by Samuel Benjamin To D° by Edmund Fowle - To D° by Jonathan Child - To D° by Eires Ta inter To D° by Peter Harrington - To D" bv Elkanah Wales - To D° by Oliver M. Roe - To D" by Elifha Learned - To D° by Ephraim Jones - To D° by Samuel Nutting - To D*' by Amos Livermore - To D° by Samuel Fisk Esq"" To D° by Jonathan Brown Esq"" - To D° by David Bemis To D° by William Corkran To D° by John Cookson To D° by Marshall Spring - To D" by Eben"" Stedfon To D° by Samuel Cook To D° by Nathaniel Harrington - To D*' by Samuel Whitney - To D** by Christopher Grant To D° by Solomon Prentice Carried up - [161] bro' up ... - To Cash paid by Isaac Sanderfon - To D° by Ebenezer Stone To D«> by Nathaniel Stone - To D° by Phinehas Harrington - To D° by David Sanger To D** by John Chenery To D° by Richard Clark - To D° by Daniel Sawin £ri2 6 3 6. '5 13 0 13: 4 4 8 4 7- 5: 4 I. 6: 5" 13: '3 = 4 4 4 I. 6 6 5- 13: 13: 13: 4 4 4 4 lO 13: 4 7 5 4 II : 0 : 0 6 0 0 4 18 0 4 '7 4 4 13 4 4 0 0 lO 0 0 7 10 0 lO 0 0 4 0 0 lO 0 0 8 6 0 7 0 0 lO 12 0 1 1 0 0 lO 0 0 lO 0 0 lO 0 0 lO 0 0 lO 0 0 lO 0 0 lO 0 0 lO 0 0 lO : 0 : 0 406 : o : 8 406 : o : 8 10: 0 : 0 10: 0: 0 8: 12 : 0 9- 0 : 0 8: 6: 8 10 : 0 : 0 3: 6: 8 0: 16: 0 465 : 1 2 : o The Revolutionary War. 29 The within Report is Submitted to the town by their Said Committe. Sam^ Barnard Pr Order. Then the Qiiestion was Put whether that Deceal'^ Soldiers &c Taxes Should be Stoped out of their allowance it passed in the affirmative. Selectmens Meeting April 25-1777, house of Samuel Wellington. Warrant for Town Meeting Apr, 28-1777. (2) To agree upon Some method to Raife Seven men to go & march to the State of Rhod-Island agreabled to an order of the General Court. [162] Town Meeting April 28-1777. Then the article Relating to Raifing Seven men to join the army at Providence was Read and after Debate thereon The town Voted to Choofe a Committe of Seven perfons to procure men on as eafie termes as they can. M-^ Mofes Stone Cap' Phin® Stearnes Maj"^ Sam* Barnard Voted & Chofe for S^* : Comt«« { L': Josiah Capen M"^ Stephen Harris M"" Jonas White M"" Nathan Coollidge Then Voted that the Said Com"'' Shall have power in the name & Behalf of the Town to hire money to pay the men they may hire to go into the S'* : Service. Selectmens Meeting May 12-1777. [163] Warrant for Town Meeting May 19-1777. {^^) To make Grants of any Sums of money if Need be for past Services in the present war, and for further Services's and do any tiling thereon as the town may think Proper. (6'y) To Choofe any Committee or Committees Required to be Chofe to See to the putting any laws of tliis State into Execution. (7*^) To here any Reports of Committees that have been Ap- pointed for Perticular Services and to act anything thereon as The town may See fitt. (10'^) To know the minde of the town whether the persons the town purpofe to allow any Sums of money to for past Services Shall Exhibit their accounts under oath and to act as they See fitt. [164] Town Meeting May 19-1777. (10) article Read & Voted that the Several persons that are to be allow'd money for their past Services in y" war Should Exhibit their accounts upon oath. 3° Watertown^s Alilltary History. [166] Town Meeting June 9-1777. Then the Account of the Committe Appointed to hire Seven men for Soldiers to go to providence was Read Amounting the Sum of 35 pounds and it was Voted that the former Committe that were Appointed to hire men Should pay Said 35 pounds with the money which is in their hands. Town Meeting June 23-1777, by adjournment. The (6) article being Read. Then the following perfons were Chofen to put the Act against Monopoly & Opprefsion into Exe- cution viz : Mess'' David Bemis, Simon Whitney, Jeddi^: Leathe, Jonas White & Mofes Stone. [167] Then they Voted & Granted the Sum of iCii83 : o: 10 pence to be Raifed by a Tax, to be paid to the Several perfons or their Le- gal Representatives, that have done Services in the present War, and that have Advanced moneys for the Support of the Same. The perfons first making Oath to the payment of the Value affixed to their Several names, or produce proper Receipts from the officer or officers to whome they paid the Same, Agreeable to the Report of the Committe Chofen by the town to Consider S*^^ : Services Then Voted the above mentioned Sum be afsefsed as Soon as Conveniently may be in a list b}' it Self. at the aforementioned meeting Mefs : Jonas White and Thomas Learned were added to the Com"** of Corrofpondance. [169] Selectmens Meeting Nov. 3-1777. Warrant for Town Meeting Nov. 10-1777. Second to Choofe a Committe to provide for the Families of Such Persons as are gon into the Continental Army for y® town of Watertown, & to act any thing Relating thereto as the town may think proper. (3) to Grant money to pay fo;- y*^ Armes Ammunition & Bread that the Selectmen provided meletia and to act any thing Relating thereto as they See fitt. (4) To know the minde of the town whether they will allow any thing to Such persons as are in the Service as a Reinforcement to tlie Continential Army, and to do and act any thing Relating thereto as they See fitt. [170] Town Meeting Nov. 10-1777. The Second ^Article being Read & the Question being put whether they will Choofe a Committe to provide for the poor Fam- ilies of perfons in the Continential army. It paft in the Negative. Then the Selectmens accounts for Armes &c was Read & the Sum of £52: 16: 2 was Granted to pay for the Same also the Sum of 13: 4: o was Granted to pay for the Flour provided by them for the use of the Melitia. The Revolutionary War. 31 Then Voted that the Selectmen Should Sell the Lead and Gun- Locks that they Bought and be accountable to the town for the Money ariling by the Sale thereof. Selectmens Meeting Dec. 14-1777, house Jonathan Brown. Warrant for Town Meeting Dec. 15-1777- to manifest their minds Relating to the Qiiartering Some of the officers of the Army lately Commanded by Gen': Burgoyne in Watertown, and to act thereon as they think proper. [173] Town Meeting Dec. 15-1777. then the Article Relating to Qiiartering Burgoynes officers was Read & after a fair and Candid Debate thereon the following pafsed unanimously (Viz) That it is the Opinion of this town that the Qiiartering the British officers among the inhabitants thereof, at this time, is Very Dangerous to the peace & Safty of the town as Well as the publick, and therefore we Cannot give our confent thereto. Then they Chofe the Selectmen to be a Committe to Inform the D. Q. jSJaster, and Such of the Inhabitants of the town as were Inclined to Receive Sd : officers into their families or houfes of this Vote. Selectmens Meeting Jan. 12-1778. Warrant for Town Meeting Jan. 16-177S. to hear the articles of Confederation Read and to act on the Same &c. Town Meeting Jan. 16-177S. then adjourned to the Hoiife of m"" Bez' Learned and being there Al'sembeled, the Articles of Confederation & perpetual union be- tween the united States of America as Purpofed by Congrefs were Read & Confidered, and Voted that the Reprefentative be and he is hereby fully Impowered & Inftructed to do and act any thing he Shall Judge proper in order to tiieir being Rattified & Con- firmed. Selectmens Meeting Feb. 19-1778. Warrant for Town Meeting March 9-1 77S. [175] (13) To Grant money to pay what was hired to pay the Bounty to the Continential Soldiers. (14) To Grant money to pay Such peribns as have been in the Service for which no allowance has been made and to act any thing thereon the town think proper. (15) To know the minde of the town whether they will Call in the money that is due to them & Appropriate it for Defraying the Charge of the war, and act thereon as they See fitt. (iS) To Determine in what manner the money Shall be paid to the perfons that have been in the Service or have paid money therefor agreeable to the Grants that have been made for them. 32 Watertown* s Military History. Selectmens Meeting March 6-1778. (among bills presented at this meeting were the following, no grant having been made :) [176] To Richard Leathe for making Cartriges - 2 for d° &c for Casting Bullets For Baking &c - 3 - o - 2 To Hugh Mafon To Seth Norcross To John Draper [177] Town Meeting March 9-1778. f M^ : Sam' : White For a Committe of Correspon- dance Inspection and Safty 16 I 10 12 M"^ David Bemis \ M^ David Sanger I Cap* Phin^ : Siearnes Excufed [ M"" Daniel Sawin [178] The 13 Article was put off to the adjournment. The 14 article being Read it was Voted to Choofe a Committe to procure a list of the perfons that have done Service in the War Since there has been any allowance made, and Report what their Service has been, & Report what is proper to be don thereon. Cap* Phin® Stearnes M"" David Bemis Maf : Sam' Barnard M^ Sam White M"" Elijah Bond Chofe for Said Committe ^ L* Josiah Capen ju'' L' Amos Bons M"" Jonas White Serg* Mofes Stone M"^ : Daniel Sawin M"" Josiah Bisco Then Voted that the money now in the Treafury that was on Interest before be appropriated to help pay What money has been hired to pay Soldiers. [179] Town Meeting March 23-1778. M'^ Elijah Bond was Chofen one of the Committe of Corre- fpondance in the Room of Cap* Phin^ Stearnes. Voted & Granted the Sum of £500 towards paying the Bounty to the Continent .1 Soldiers. [180] Voted that the Sums that was Granted to each Soldier Shall be paid to them or their order. Then the Committe Appointed to Consider what Services per- fons have don in the prefent war for which there has been no allowance made was Read and after Debate thereon the Vote The Revolutionary War. 33 was put whether the Sums Shall be Accepted and it paft in the Negative. Then Voted to Commit the Report to a New Committe to Con- lider and Report what they think is proper to be don thereon and also to Report a plan for the Railing men in futer in an Equitable manner. ]VF Jedi*^ Leathe 8am' Fisk Esq"" AP Mofes Stone M'' David Bemis Dea" Nath' : Stone M'^ Simon Whitney M^ Daniel Whitney L*^ Chris'' Grant ju"^ M-^ Rich^i Clark M'"Josiah Capen M"^ James Barnard Voted that Said Committe make Report at the Next Town Meetinsf. Voted & Chofe for S'^ : Com"« { [181] Selectmens Meeting March 23-1778. They also Signed an order to pay the Selectmen that Served y® last year the Sum of £65 : o : 3 which Sum they paid for armes Flour &c. [183] Town Meeting April 6-1778. Then they took under Consideration the Report of the Com- mitte Relating to the men that have don Service in the War & have had no allowance. Voted that the men that went in perfon & thofe that hired others ■ be paid alike for the Service. Voted that the following twelve perfons that were to Reinforce the Northern Army have 30 pounds each (Viz) : Daniel Parker Jacob Sanderfon Sam' Sprague Zach'' Shed Henry Bradfhaw Benj" Capen Mofes Hager Jedid"^ Leathe Jon^ Stone Jon'^ Livermore John Sawin Peter Richardfon [183] Nov'': The nine that were Raifed to Guard the prifoners at Cambridge (Viz) : Ruggles Whitney Stephen Harris Jon'^ Crafts Tho^ Learned David Bemis ju'' Sam': Wellington Thad''^ Fuller James Mallard Daniel Mafon 34 Watertown's Military History. The nine men for Dorchester heights (Viz) : Seth Norcrofs Josiah Learned Pennuel Park Andrew Stimfon Jon-'* Child Daniel Coollige Phin« Child Benj" Hurd Benj" Hastings 177S Jan"^-^: to Reinforce the Guards at Cambridge being twenty-three men (Viz): Edw'' Harrington ju'' Joshua Stratton Sam' Bond Simon Coollidge ju"" Nath' Bemis Converfe Spring Luke Bemis W™ Learned Tho^ Prentice James Stone Rich'' Everit George Alen Nath' Coollidge John Vila Step" Cook Joseph Bright W™ Sanger Andrew White W" Morfe Jon^ Brown ju' Phin^Jenifon Edm^ Fowle Joseph Child March Eighteen men to go to the lines for one month all thefe to have their wages with what is allowed them by y^ Conti- nent & State made up to Six pounds P'" month. Then the Report Relating to Raifing men for the futer was Read & Committed to a New Com"^ to be taken into a new Draught. i M.^ Josiah Capen Chofe for S*^ : Committe •< Sam' Fisk Esq"". ( M"" Josiah Bisco [184] Town Meeting April 30-1778, by adjournment. Voted & Accepted the Report of the Committe on the plan for Railing men for the Service in the army. See the Report. Voted that the Meletia officers with the Committe of Corre- fpondence be a Committe to procure men for the Publick Service in the Army at the Expence of the Town. Voted that Said Committe have power in the Name & Behalf of the Town to hire money if Need be for Said Service. [185] Selectmens Meeting May 1 r-i 778. house of Bezeleel Learned. Warrant for Town Meeting May 18-1778. (2'y) For the town to grant money or to do any thing they think Necessary to Incourage the Railing men for Recruiting the army as they think best. (3'y) For the Town to Determin what Sums of money Shall be afseft at this time. (4'y) For the Town to make grants to Such men as have been in the Service that were omitted before, if they See fitt. The Revolutionary War. 35 (6^y) To know if the Town will Call in the money that is due on Bond or Note of Hand & Appropriate it to Such ufes as they See fitt. [186] Town Meeting May 1S-177S. Then they Voted to Choofe a Committe to Examin what Ex- pence the town has been at in hiring men for Service in the War & Report to the town. f M'' : Mofes Stone I M"" David Sanger Voted & Chofe for S^ Committe { W Sam^ White Cap' Phin* Stearnes ^ Maj'' Sam' Barnard Then Voted that the Selectmen be joined to the Committe of Corrofpondance & Melitia for Railing Men to Recruit the army. Voted & Granted a further Sum of JC5 pounds to each of the men that Went to the White plains in the year i77^- Voted that the men that went to the Northward in the year 1776 with Cap' Edw'' : Harrington be allowed a further Sum of I : 13 : 4 each. Voted y' the Committe appointed to hire men Report what they Should Receive. [187] Voted that the Town Treafurer Call in all the money that is due to the town on Bond or Note as Soon as may be. Voted & Appropriated Said money to help Defray the expence of the present War. Voted that the Treafurer Report what money is due to the town as aforesaid & from whome due. Town Meeting June 1-1778, by adjournment. Voted & Granted a further Sum of £3 pounds P"" : month to each of the men that went to Cambridge to Guard the prifoners & also to each of thofe that went afterwards as a Reinforcement to S*^ Guards and to the men that went to Roxbury lines in addition to what was granted thein before. Voted & Granted the Sum of £720 pounds to hire men to go into the Continental army, also Voted & Granted the Sum of £270 pounds to pay the men to go to Peks-kiln [torn] Granted to Wellington & Crane for the [torn] 8 months 40/ each £4 pounds they being omitted [torn]. [188] Voted & Granted the Sum of twenty-two pounds to Cornelius Park for his Service the first eight months and for his Service for one year in going to New York & Canada. The Committe appointed to enquire into the whole Expence that the town had been at in hiring men for the Service Reported. See their Report on file. 36 WaterioTVTi's Military History. Voted that the .Sum of 2443 : 18 : 11 be afsest as Soon as may be to pay the men according to the Several grants made them. Voted & Granted the Same Sums of money to Cap' Phin*: Stearnes and Leiuteants Josiah Capen & Amos Bond as were allow'd the privates that Served with them. [189] Selectmens Meeting June 4-1778. Warrant for Town Meeting June 8-1778. (2^y) To take into Consideration a New Form of Government purpofed by a Convention of y® hite General Court ordered to be laid before the Inhabitants for their Approbation or Disapproba- tion and to act thereon as the}' See fitt. (4^^) To hear the Report of a Committe Relating to the Raif- ing men for the Service of the war and to act thereon as they See proper. Town Meeting June 8-1 77S, at Mrs. Dorothy Coollidge. The purpofed Form of Government being Read & after Debate thereon. The Qiiestion was put whether they Approve of the Same, and it pafsed in the Negative unanimoufly, there being Sixty Voters present. Voted that the Reprefentative endevor to prevent any thing be- ing don Relating to a New Constitution at present. [190] Then a Report of a Committe appointed to Report a Flan for a more eafie & Just way of Raifing men for the Publick Service was Read & accepted which is on file. Then Voted to Choofe a Com- mitte to devide the Inhabitants into Lots agreable to S'^ : Report. Voted that they Shall be paid 12/ each for each day they Shall Spend Necefsarily in the Service. f Sami : Fisk Esq"- : j Jon'^ Brown Esq"": Voted & Chofe for S^': Comtt^ \ W Mofes Stone I M'^ Sam^ White [ M'" Josiah Bisco Selectmens Meeting June 35-1 77S. Warrant for Town Meeting June 27-1778. Secondly to agree upon a Method to raife four rhen to go into the Service of the united States to do duty in the State of Rhoad-. Island & to make a Grant of a Sum of money to encourage the Inlistment of the men for that Service or any futer Service & to do & act any thing thereon that may be thought Necefsary : [191] Then Voted to Reconsider their vote of y® 4 Inftant Relating to Railing men &c : Voted to Choofe a Committe to hire 4 men for the Service at Rhoad-Ifland and also men for other Services as often as they are ordered by proper Authority with full power to hire money in The Revolutionary War. 7*j the Name & behalf of the town for Such Services as often as Oc- cation may Require. They to Continue a Com"^ for S*^ purpofe during the towns Pleafure. ( M'' : Mofes Stone Voted & Chofe for Said Committe ] ]VP: Sam': White ( L' : Amos Bond Voted to allow S'^ : Committe Reafonable pay for their Service. [192] Selectmens Meeting July 20-1778. At this meeting they Signed an order on the town Treaf'' to pay the Sum of £1054 : 12 : S to Such perfons as has been in the VVar or had paid money for such Services Agreeable to the Severall grants made them. [193] Selectmens Meeting Oct 1778. Warrant for Town Meeting Nov. 2-1778. (7) To know the minde of the town What Sums of money or W'hether any that have been hired to Raife Soldiers, Shall be afsest at this time, and Determin what Shall be further don thereon. [194] Town Meeting Nov. 2-1778. One (Report of Committee) Signed by Mofes Stone & others being a Committe for hiring men for the War &c the Account ammounting to iE342 : 12 : o which was Voted & Granted, one other Signed by Sam' Soden & others for like Services amounting to £874 : 3 : o which Sum was also Voted & Granted. [195] Then Voted that the Remainder of the Charge that the town has been at in hiring men for the War be afseft as soon as may be. [198] Selectmens Meeting Dec. 1-1778. They Signed an order to the town Treafurer to pay the Sum of Eleven Hundred & thirty Nine Pounds 17/8 Pence to Sundry Perfons that have don Services in the War each one the Sum that was Granted to them. [303] Town Meeting March 8-1779. M' Rich" Clark Committe of Correspondance Safty &c M"^ Jed'^ Leathe M"" Elijah Bond M-^ Sam' Soden M'' Daniel Savvin [205] Town Meeting March 15-1779, by adjournment. The Committe Appointed to hire men to go into the Service in the War Reported that they had hired men for the Service to the amount of iESo : 18 : 2 and the town Voted & Granted the Same Sum. 38 Watertoivn^s Military History. [309] Selectmens Meeting May 17-1779. Warrant for Town Meeting May 24-1779. (2) To Consider a Refolve of the General Court for forming a New Constitution or Form of Government, and to act thereon as the town Shall See proper. 210] (5) To Agree upon ways & means to Raife Soldiers for the Publick Service when Called upon by lawfull Authority. [211] Town Meeting May 24-1779. They took into Consideration a Refolve of the Gen^ : Court Re- lating to a New Constitution or Form of Government and after Debate thereon the Q_uestion was put Whether they Chuse at this time to have a New Constitution or Form of Government made & it past in y® Negative twenty being against it but three for it. then the Second Qiiestion mentioned in S'^ Refolve was put and it palsed in the Negative. [212] Then they voted to Choofe a Committe to hire men to go into the Service when called for. ( M'" Mofes Stone Voted & Chofe for S^^: Committe } W Sam' White (L* Amos Bond [214] Selectmens Meeting June 28-1779. Warrant for Town Meeting July 7-1 779- (2^^) To consider & adopt any Meafures for Appretiation of the Currency and to act any thing thereon that they may Judge Necessary & proper. (3'^) To See if the town will give any Inftruction or Directions to their Committe of Corrofpondance at Concord on the 14^*^ Day of July Next for the above Said Furpofes and to act any thing thereon they See fitt. (5^y) For the town to Grant and order the Afsefsing the Mon- ies that have been paid for Raising Soldiers and to act thereon as they See fitt. Town Meeting July 7-1 779- The article being Read relating to taking Meafures for the Appreciating the Currency as Recommended by the Inhabitants of Boston & otber places after Considering the Same. They voted to Choofe a Com^** to Consider y*^ Same and Report what is Proper to be don thereon & Report as Soon as may be. [215] Voted & Chofe for S'' : Committe Sam^ : Fisk & W" HuntEsq'^: M'' David Sanger M'' Sam': Cook & Jonathan Brown. The Revolutionary War. 39 Then Voted that Said Committe Sit emediately. who Pro- ceeded & Considered the matter & in about one Hours time Re- turned & made the following Report (Viz) : [Here follows a long report on page 215 original records, and page 279 of the copied records.] [318] Town Meeting July 30-1779, by adjournment. The 5'^ & Sixth articles being Read the Com"<= for Railing Soldiers Reported the Expence attending the Raifing men for Rhoad-Island & the Continental army amounting to iE3226 : 19: 6 which was Voted & accepted. (See the Report on file.) [Pages 219 to 223 inclusive contain the Report of the Com- mittee to fix the prices of Products of Labor.] [227] Town Meeting Sept. 13-1779. the following accounts were Voted allowed & Granted (Viz) To Cap' Phins Stearnes for Service in the War JE45 : 0:0 To L' Amos Bond for D° 22 : 12 : o 67 : 12 : o Voted that a Com"® Report the names of the officers that have don Service in the War which have had no Grant. Chofe for a Com'** Mefs David Bemis [torn]" Brown Esq'' & [torn] Bond. [228] Voted that all the Grants that have been made for Soldiers & other Services Should be Afseft all which ammount to the Sum of £3468 : 19 : 9. Selectmens Meeting Oct. 12-1779. Warrant for Town Meeting Oct. 14-1779. To agree upon Some way to Raife nine men to go into the Publick Service agreable to the Order of the General Court — also to take Some Proper Meafures for filling up Watertowns Propor- tion of the Continential Army, and to Grant Such Sums of money as may be thought Necefsary for Said Services, & to act any thing Relating to the Same that may be thought Necessary & proper. Town Meeting October 14-1779. Then voted to Raife a Sum of money to hire men for the Service in the War. Voted & Granted £1500 pounds for Said Service and voted that it be Afsefed emediately. Voted that it be paid into the Treafury by monday Next [torn] 6 : Clock afternoon. then Voted that Mefs David Bemis [torn] David Sanger, be of the Committe in the Room Sam Whi [torn] Amos Bond who are Excufed for the Present. 40 Watertown's Military History. Selectmens Meeting December 10-1779. [339] Warrant for Town Meeting December 20-1779. (4) To give Inftriictions to their Delegates that belong to le Convention Relating to their Conduct at the Next meetingof that Body. [330] Town Meeting December 20-1779. Then it was Voted that only one of the Delegates that wre Appointed to attend the Convention Should attend at a time at le Next Session, Except at the time of Pafsing on the whole Fori. [33-4] Selectmens Meeting February 28-1 7S0. Thev Signed an order on the Treafurer to pay Samuel Wite & others a Committe for hiring men for the war the Sum of 67 : i^ : o for their Service in full of their accounts. [338] Town Meeting March 20-1 7S0, by adjournment. Voted & Granted the Sum of £48 pounds to pay mefs [torn Mofes Stone, David Bemis & David Sanger for hiring m [torn. [3-J:4] Town Meeting May 20-1 7S0. Then the said Form of Cover: was Read to the Town theme Meeting was adjourned to three O : Clock afternoon. [Afternoon again read, after Debate a com. appointed to bar objections t^ report.] Sam^ : Fisk Esc : Dea"" Nath' Stone M'^ Daniel Parker W"" Hunt Esq' Voted and Chose for S"^ Committee ■{ L* Aroos Bond M^ Sara : Cook Jon- Brown E^' : M' Jed'^ Leathe M' Josiah Bisco [!245] [On this page is the report of above committee anckbe action thereon.] Town Meeting June 6-1 7S0. Then they Voted & Chose tlie following perfons for a Gm- mittee to hire Men to Serve in the Armv (Viz) L* Josiah Ccen lu' Josiah Bisco & Moles Stone iu*^. Voted that said Committee have fiill Power to hire men onthe best terms they cau for the Service of this town in Ae War. [3445] Town Meeting June 1 2-1 7S0, Then the town voted to add two more peribns to Ac Cbmndtse for hiring nie:i. Then Vote^i ^ Chofe \\'* Hunt Es<f and M* David Sanger The Revolutionary \\\ir. 41 [a-7] 'l]en the town Voted & Grai)U\l tlu> Sum ol .Ci ."oiu) 'Tlious nul ponds to Railo nuMi <ft piocnrc C'loathin^ lor tin- use ol ll\( Aiiny agjeahlo to the Rclolvcs of thf (uMUMid C'onil. 'hen it was voted that the Sum alore Said ix- emethatlv al'sclst-d ari( Collected hy next nionday Ni^jhl. Selectmeiis Meetiiii; July 3-1780. -Tarrant for Town Meetiiifj July 5-1780. \) To agree upon Some Method for Hailiuf; a Numlui moro Soliers agreable to the Relblves of the CJeneral Com(. () To Grant any Sums of Money that may he lhoii;'lit Nceel- sar for Said purpofe. Selectmens Meeting July 5-1780. 'hey Signed an order on town treafurer to pay llic Sum of Seen Thousand & .Seventy five I'ounds ten Siiillin^s lo I/: Joi^h Capen & others & Cotnniitte to hire men. [^8] [Among orders signed on (he IreaHurer] : and to pay Josiah Capen isi others \ a Committe to hire men to iill the r ijooo : o Continential Army ) Town Meeting Jidy 5-i78(j. lien the Committe Appointed to hire men to go into (he Any Reported and it Appeared liiat there was a IJalLuK c due to;tem of X'7075 : 10 : o whicii Sum was Voted k. (Jraiiled. 'hen they Voted & Granted the Sum orX'12000 poiuidw to hire me agreable to (he Last Refolves of the General Court. ,\)ted that the Committe Appointed to hire men before I'roeecd tOL^U the Remainder as S(ion as may he. kso Voted & Impowered S'' : Com"" to liire money in I'dialf oflte town for Said purpofe. "Vited & Granted i'3000 ['oiuuIh to enable the .S(-lc<;ttn(;n (o prcure the four llorfes Required by a Relbive rW the Gencial Cort. loted that the aforeSaid Grants l^e Afseft a« Soon as may be. [^91 Town Meeting July 12-1780, by adjouiiiin'-Mt. loted & Granted the further Sum of X"6<^xjo poundh (o lii/e Men inVdition to the former Grant made for that I'urpofc. Selectmens Meeting July 24-1780. At a Meeting of y" Selectmen on tlie 5"' of July /780. Tjey Signed an order on the Treafurer to pay the Sum of £775 : 10 : o to L' Josiah Capen & other» a Committee appointed to Ire men for to go into the Army. ad at their meeting on the 24 Day of the Same month they Siaed an order to pay the .Same Corn^'* £,\/\(j^Ki poundu for the lik purpofe. 42 Wateriown''s Military History. [350] Selectmens Meeting August 26-1780. Warrant for Town Meeting. (2) To agree upon Some Method to provide the Cloathing ordered by the General Court & to act any thing thereon that may be thought Necefsary. [353] Town Meeting September 6-1 7S0, by adjournment. Voted that money be hired to procure the Cloathing by the Selectmen. Voted & Granted JE15000 pounds to pay the hire of Soldiers gon into the Army. Selectmens Meeting October 5-1780. Warrant for Town Meeting October 11-1780. (2^y) To agree upon a Method to procure a quantity of Beef agreeable to a Refolve of the General Court. — and to Grant a Sum of money for that Purpofe and to act any thing Relating thereto that may be thought Proper. [353] Town Meeting Oct. 11-1780. Then a Refolve of the General Court Requiring a Qiiantity of Beef was Read & after Consideration thereof they — Voted & Chofe M"" Jonas White as a Committe to purchafe the Beef Required by Said Refolve. Voted to Choofe a Committe to hire the Sum of £15000 pounds in the name & behalf of town to purchafe S'^ : Beef. r W™ Hunt Esq Voted & Chofe for Said Committee \ M'" Sam^ Suden (M"" Sami White Then Voted & Granted the Sum of Fifteen Thousand pounds and Voted that the Same be afsefsed & paid into the town Treaf- ury by the first day of January Next, for to Repay the money that may be hired as above Said. [354] Selectmen Meeting December 22-1 7S0. Warrant for Town Meeting December 27-1780. (2) To agree upon Some Method to Procure a Qiiantity of Beef agreeable to a Refolve of the General Court or to provide money to Pay in lieu thereof, and to Act thereon as may be thought proper. (3) To agree upon Some method to raife men to fill the Con- tinential Army, and to act any tUing Relating thereto that may be thought proper. [355] Town Meeting at house of Mr Thomas Bullard by adjournment Dec. 27-1780. Then they Voted to Choofe a Committe to Con- The Revolutionary War. 43 ' sider & Report what is proper to be don Relating to the Railing men. Sam' : Fisk Esq*" M"" David Bemis M"" Mofes Stone Voted & Choofe for S*^ Committee \ M'' David Sanger M'- Rich'i Clark M'' Simon Whitney M'' Josiah Bisco The Com"® after considering the matter made Verbal Report that a Committe be appointed to hire men to fill the Continential Army which w^as Voted & Accepted. f M"" David Sanger Voted & Chofe for Said Committee -| L' Josiah Capen ( L' Amos Bond Then Voted & Granted 1600 Dollars in hard money to hire S'^ : men. Then Voted that Said money be afseft as Soon as may be and that it be paid into the Treafiiry by the 25 Day of January Next. Then it was Voted that any perfons that Choofe to pay in Paper money that 75 paper Dollars in old currency Shall be Received in lieu of one Silver Dollar. Voted & Granted the Sum ofj£24000 pounds to purchafe the Beef Required by the Gen' Court for the use of the army. Then Voted to Choofe a Committee to Receive the money of the Collectors & pay for the Beef. r M'- Daniel Parker Voted & Chofe for Said Committee ■< M'' Simon Whitney ( Jon'^ : Brown Esq"^ Voted to Choofe Collectors to Collect the above Sums. Then Voted & Choofe Mif« Mofes Stone jn'' : & Edm^' Fowle who were Sworn into the office by Jon'"^ Brown Jus' : Peace. [356] Town Meeting January 16-1781. Then the report of Committee appointed to hire men Laid on the tabl was Read & accepted & the Ballance of £747: 18:0 was allowed. [357] Selectmens Meeting February 23-1781. Warrant for Town Meeting March 5-1 781. (9) To do any thing further that may Appear Necefsary for Railing men to fill the Continential Army. [358] Selectmens Meeting March 2-1 7S1. Orders signed on Treasurer : to Jonathan Brown for Service Relating Beef - 24 : o to Jonas White for Collecting Beef &c - - - - 496 : 8 to Jed" Leath for d° 45 : o 44 Watertown^s Military History. [260] Town Meeting March 5-1781. then the article Relating to Raifing men was Read & it was Voted that the Collectors Should be Called upon by the Treafurer to Settle before the adjournment & upon Failure for him to Issue his Executions. Voted that the Committee appointed to hire men for the army be Authorifed to hire money for that Purpofe. Then Voted to Raife Six hundred Mill'd Dollars or the Value thereof in Paper money. and that the Afsefsors be directed to afsefs Said money as Soon as may be. [263] Selectmens Meeting March 19-1781 Signed order : to pay the Ballance of the Committees account for Service the last year being in full for Railing men &c the whole amounting to the Sum of JC747 : 18:0. Warrant for Town Meeting April 2-1 781. (3'^) To take into Consideration a Letter from the Committees of Corrofpondance meet at East Sudbury Relating to the Tender act ; and act thereon as they think Proper. [264] Town Meeting April 2-1 781. Then the Letter from the Committees of Corrofpondance was Read & Voted [265] That the late Act for taking of the Tender of the money was not Agreable to the mind of the town. Then they Voted to Choofe a Committee to Prepare Inftructions for their Representative Directing him to ufe his influence in the General Court to git the tender Put on again. L' : Josiah Capen Voted & Chofe for Said Com"« \ Sam^ Soden M'' Josiah Bisco M-^ Sam^ White W" Hunt Esq"" M"" Jonas White M"^ Rich"! Clark Town Meeting April 3-1 78 1, by adjournment. Voted the Taxes Set to the Soldiers in m"" Edmund Fowles Lists Shall be abated if they go into the Continential Army. Then the Committee Appointed to Prepare Inftructions to be given their Reprefentative Laid a Draft therefor on y® Table which was Read & not accepted and Recommitted to the Same Committee. adjourned to Mr John Bullards to meet ^ hours time which will be at 7 o'clock. The Revolutionary War. 45 [266] The town being met at m'' Bullards According to Adjournment but there being no Convenient Room that they Could have the meeting was by a Vote Adjourned to M""* Dorothy Coollidges to there in a Qiiarter of an Hour. They being met according to Adjournment a Motion being made and Seconded They Voted to Reconfider all the Votes that had been Pafsed on the third article in the Warrant Relating to the Tender Act (So Called). Then they Voted that their Reprefentative be Directed to use his Endeavor in the General Court that the Tender act that was Lately Repealed be Revived So far as it Concerns the tender. Then it was Voted that the Names of the Perfons that voted for the Inftruction & thofe against it be taken by Yeas & Nays — which are as follows (Viz) : Nays. Teas. Mofes Stone Jedidiah Leathe ■ Josiah Mixer Mofes Coollidge Mofes Stone jr Abraham Whitney W™ Warren Hugh Mason Sam^ White Amos Livermore Edm*^ Fowle Josiah Capen W™ Hunt Sam^ Barnard Jon^ Stone Elijah Bond Nathan Coollige Jonas White Tho^ Pattin Josiah Sanderfon Josiah Norcrofs Phin^ Child Sam^ Cook Sam' Spring Henry Bradfhaw Josiah Bisco Daniel Parker Daniel Sawin Sam' Richards Jon^ Child Simon Hastings Benj" Capin Jon'^ Coollidge Godding Daniel Mason Eben"" Everit W'" Harrington Rich'' Everit Francis Brown Sam' Soden Simon Whitney Selectmens Meeting June 7-17S1. Warrant for Town Meeting June 1 3-1 781. [269] (2'') To take Some Effectual Meafures to Compleat the Railing of our Proportion of men to fill up the Continential Army agree- able to the order of the Gen' Court &c. [torn] nd make Such Grants of money & do any other things Re- lating thereto [torn] may appear Necefsary. 46 Watertown' s Military History. [370] Town Meeting June 13-1781. Voted that the Committee for hiring men be Defired to ufe their best endeavors to hire men to Compleat the towns Qiiota of men for the Continential army and make Report of their doings at the Adjournment of this meeting also Voted that if the Com"*^ have Inlisted any who have not yet Pafsed mufter they be Desired to ufe their Endeavors that they be immediatly muftered. Voted that S'' Com"® be Desired to Report to the town what Sums of money they have on hand & what Sort of money that belongs to the town at the Adjournment of this meeting. also that the Collectors that have lists of Town taxes granted for the purpofe of hiring men be Desired to Report at S'^ : Ad- journment how much they have yet to Collect on S'^ lists & what money they have on hand. Voted that the Committee be Impowered to hire men with Scocks or Produce. Town Meeting June 1 8-1 781, b}' adjournment. Voted to Reconlider a Vote at a former meeting Granting hard money to hire Soldiers being paid at the Rate of Seventy five old Continential Dollars in lieu of one in Silver. Then voted that the Collectors Should Receive no more old Currency for S*^ Tax's but to Receive them in the New money or in hard coin. Voted y*^ : the Collectors may Receive three new in Lieu of one Silver. Town Meeting June 20-1781, by adjournment. Voted that the Comm"*^ be desired to Report what money they have on hand & that the Collectors Report what money tliey have yet to Collect & what they have on hand. [371] Voted that the Collectors be desired imediately to pay what money they have now on hand that they have Collected for the purpofe of hiring men into the Committees hands. also Voted that Sd : Committee Dispofe of the old emifsion in the best manner they can for the ufe of the Town. Voted that the Committee for hiring men be Directed to ufe their endeavours to have all the perfons whome they have Inlifted (Except John Jaeob Sawyer a Hafsion) imediately Muftered. Voted that the Sum of one hundred & eighty pounds hard money be Granted for the purpofe of hiring men and be afsefsed & Collected imediately. Town Meeting July 6-1 781. on the 2'* : Article Voted to Grant a Sum of money to procure the towns Qiiota of Beef — and the Sum of one Hundred pounds hard money was granted for that purpofe. on y'^ 4 Article Voted to Clafs the Inhabitants of the Town for the purpofe of hiring or Raifmg men for three or five months asfreable to the orders of the Gen' Court. The Revolutionary War. 47 Voted to Choofe a Committee to Clai's the Town into as many Clafses as there are men to be Raifed. r Sami : Fisk Esq'- : Chofe for S*^ Committee ■< Jon^ Brown Esq"" : ( AF Jed" Leathe [363] Town Meeting July 23-1781, by adjournment. They Voted that the money Granted to hire men Should be paid in Specia. Voted to Reconfider a former vote for Clafsing the Inhabitants of the town &c. Voted & Granted 800 Dollars to hire men and that it be afsefsed emediately. Then Voted that the Committee appointed to Raiie men to fill the Continential Army be a Committee to hire men for the five and Three months Service. Town Meeting August 6-1 78 1, by adjournment. They took into Consideration the ^^ Article Relating to the Beef to be provided for the Army — and voted to Choofe a Com- mittee to procure the Same. iM" David Bemis Voted and Chofe for Said Committee -< M"" Sam^ White ( M'' Simon Whitney Then they Voted that all the tax's that the Collectors have or mav Receive Afefsed in hard coin Shall be paid in like money any Votes before to the Contrary Notwithftanding. [373] Selectmens Meeting August 37-1781. They Signed an order on the Treafurer to pay M'' : David San- ger & others the Committee appointed to hire men to go into the Army the Sum of two Hundred pounds for the Said Purpose. [374] Selectmens Meeting October 3-1 781. Warrant for Town Meeting October 8-17S1. (3) To Devife Sufficient Means for Raifing the Men for the Continential Army. (375] Town Meeting October 16-1781, by adjournment. 3^ article passed over. [376] Selectmens Meeting November 9-1 781. Warrant for Town Meeting November 14-1781. (2'y) To take into Consideration a Refolve of the General Court for Compleating the Continential Army and act thereon as they Judge Proper. Town Meeting November 14-1781. (Action taken on collecting money assessed to carry on the war.) Then they Voted to Choofe a Committee to use their endeavor 48 Watertowft's Military History. to git the town Releafed from two of the men Set to them as their part of the Continential Army which are Suppofed to be more than Watertowns proportion. ( Jonathan Brown Esq"^ Voted & Chofe for Said Committee - William Hunt Esq"^ (M'' Samuel White [278] Selectmens Meeting. to Daniel Parker Esq"" for the Beef he provided 82 : 13:6 Town Meeting January 7-1 7S2, by adjournment. The (2*^) article in the Warrant being Read = And the Com- mittee appointed to hire men for the Continential Army Informed that they had made Such provifion for Supplying this towns pro- portion that they Suppofed the Number was Compleat therefor no other Meafures were taken. [379] Selectmens Meeting February 18-1782. Warrant for Town Meeting March 4-1782. (15) To know y® minds of the town whether they will make any further grants to officers or Privates that have been in the Publick Service at Cannada Ticonderoga or else where not in- cluded in any former Vote, and act thereon as they may think proper. [383] Town Meeting March 18-1782, by adjournment. Then the (15) article was Read & Voted y* the Selectmen Con- sider thereof & Report what is proper to be don thereon. [For this report see the book of records.] Service in four New England States. May 7-1777. Receipt for five pounds was signed by Samuel Jennison jr for two months service Capt. Stephen Danas Company. ditto Abell Russell Capt. Stephen Danas Company. May 9-1777. ditto Tho^ Wilfon by his mark Capt. Stephen Danas Com- pany. Town Stock of Ammunition 1780. The Towns Stock of powder, Balls, Flint, &c. one Barrill w^ ----- - 131 one ditto - - - - - - - 120 one ditto ------- 68 one ditto ------- 55 one Bag of Balls No 26 wd - - - 48 one ditto No 21 _ - - 52 one ditto No 28 . - - 39 one Bag No 22 W-' one ditto No i8 one ditto No 24 one ditto No 20 one ditto No 20 one ditto No 26 Flints - Buck Shot w*^ - - powder - The Revolutionary War. 49 one ditto No 29 _ - - 50 one ditto No 26 - _ - 41 Flints one paper No i ... loi one ditto No 2 - - - 94 at M'' David Bemis 44 2-3 pounds of Balls & 47 Sheets paper ~ " ' - - 26 22 9 54 - - 46 - - 37 - - 805 30 30 The town records bearing upon the Revolutionary War have been given in continuity, in order to outline, in a measure, the action taken by the town during that exciting period previous to the opening of the conflict, as well as to show the local means provided for vigorously prosecuting the war to a satisfactory con- clusion. We, of the present day, can have but little realization of the thrilling interest, the vivid glow of righteous indignation, which filled and actuated the minds of our people then. Plain country folks, as they were, desirous of leading a simple life of peace and quietude, to till their farms and tend their flocks, they were swept by fate into a war against their king, George the Third, the consequences of which their Greater King, the Lord of Hosts, alone could foresee. But the impress of the times bore with especial power upon this community for a particular reason. The Stamp Act, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the pressure of the royal troops, the infinite personal exactions and restrictions, which fret- ted and inflamed them, finally ignited the devastating blaze of open rebellion. General Gage had called, in accordance with custom, a Congress, composed of representatives from the several towns, to assemble at Salem. Alarmed by the manifest symptoms of disorder, he hurriedly revoked his call. It was too late, the spirit of the hour could not be restrained. Those representatives of the townships, in spite of all protests, convened at Salem, Friday, Oct. 7, 1774, creating that first distinctively Republican Assembly, to be forever known as the Provincial Cons^ress. THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. The Watertown Historical Society, in connection with its numerous other good works, has caused to be erected by the town two granite tablets of a monumental character. One of these is placed at the corner of Mount Auburn and Common streets, just inside the iron fence which encloses the cemetery. It bears upon its face, in letters of gold, the following inscription : " Here stood the Meeting House in which met the Provincial Congress from April 23 to July 19, 1775. Here the Great and General Court, or Assembly, was organized, and held its sessions from July 19, 1775, to Nov. 9, 1776, and from June 2 to June 33, 1778." The other Memorial is placed at the head of Marshall Street, at its junction with Mount Auburn street, and is thus inscribed : " This stone marks the site of the Dwelling House in which General Warren slept the night before the battle of Bunker Hill." Four days after the First Provincial Congress convened at Sa- lem, and adjourned, it re-convened at Concord, Tuesday, Oct. 11, 1774. Six days later it met at Cambridge. Again it met at Cam- bridge, Wednesday, Nov. 33, dissolving Saturday, Dec. 10, 1774. The Second Provincial Congress convened at Cambridge, Wednesday, Feb. i, i775) ^»d adjourned to meet at Concord, Tuesday, Mar. 22. April 22, three days after the British had in- vaded Concord, the Congress made a hasty adjournment from that town to Watertown, its session opening in the latter place April 22, 1775' ^^ 4 P M., in the town meeting house. These sessions continued regularly until May 39, 1775, when it dis- solved. History was making very fast, so that only two days elapsed before the Third Provincial Congress convened at Watertown, and did not dissolve until July 19, 1775. This period was doubt- less one of the most intense excitement for the Massachusetts Colony, as well as for her sister colonies. Watertown was the theatre in which great actors played important parts. This town was represented in the First Congress by Capt. Jonathan Brown, John Remington and .Samuel Fisk ; while in the Second and Third Congresses Capt. Jonathan Brown was the town's sole representative. In a Military History of Watertown there should be justly re- corded a brief account of the momentous doings, within its bor- ders, of those representative delegates from the towns comprising the Massachusetts Colony. It follows, somewhat in diary form : April 15, 1775, the Second Provincial Congress, in session at Concord, adjourned, intending to meet again in the same town, THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS MEMORIAL. Tablet at the corner of Mount Auburn and Common Streets, Watertown. The P}'ovincial Congress. 5 1 May lo. Two days later, apprehension was felt of immediate danger. The scattered members were recalled, to meet at Con- cord as speedily as possible. April 22 a short session was held in Concord, with Richard Devens as chairman, and John Murray as clerk. A letter from Mr. Qiiincy to Mr. Adams was read, the contents of which are not known ; after which the Congress ad- journed to meet at 4 p.m., of the same day, at Watertown. Im- mediately an order was passed, " that Mr. Watson notify the Committee of Safety of the time and place of adjournment, and request their attendance, with whatever plans they may have in readiness for us ; and also notify the absent members, that are in Cambridge, and request their attendance." It was further ordered, "that Mr. Sullivan, Col. Cushing, and Mr. Crane, be a committee to wait on the Selectmen of Watertown, and ask for liberty to use the Meeting House, during the session of Congress here." They returned, and reported that the Selectmen had readily granted their request. The supreme feeling of the times was manifested in the following action: "Ordered, that Mr. Gerry, Col. Cushing, Col. Barrett, Capt. Stone, Doct. Taylor, Mr. Sul- livan, Mr. Freeman, Mr. Watson, and Esq. Dix, be a committee to take depositions, in perpetuam, from which a full account of the transactions of the troops, under Gen. Gage, in their route to and from Concord, &c. be collected ; to be sent to England by the first ship from Salem." The following day, as early as 7 A.M., the session reopened. It was unanimously resolved, after the reading of a letter from Gen. Ward of New Hampshire, " that an army of 30,000 men be raised, and established, for the defence of the colony; that 13,600 men he raised immediately by this province, and that the Committee of Safety bring in a plan for the establishment of officers and men." Col. Cushing, Mr. Sullivan, Col. Whitcomb, and Mr. Durant, were added to the Committee of Safety: "Voted, to send word of this action to the New Hampshire Congress at Exe- ter by Mr. Sullivan ; that Major Bliss go to Connecticut, and Dea- con Rawson to Rhode Island, for the same purpose." In the afternoon, Doctor Warren was unanimously chosen President, and Col. Palmer was chosen Secretary pro tempore. Mr. Gerry read a letter from Marblehead, reporting that the British man-of-war Lively was in their harbor, and asking direc- tion and aid ; as their means of defence were inadequate. Doctor Warren read a letter from the Committee of Correspondence, stating that every preparation was making to support this province ; that the ardor of their people was such they could not be kept back, and the Colonels were to forward a part of their men at once ; the remainder to be ready at a moment's notice. Monday: "Voted, that 600 enlistment papers be printed; that the Committee of Supplies be empowered to impress horses or teams, the owners to send their accounts to said committee ; that the resolves for the establishment of the army be printed in handbills ; that a member for each county be appointed to attend 52 Wate7'tozvft''s Military History. the Committee of Safety and let them know the names of officers in said county belonging to the Minute Men, and such as are most suitable for the army now raising." The next day the Treasurer was asked as to the state of the treasury. He responded that for the year 1773, it was supposed about £20,000 was due^ and that he had received £5,000. " Ordered, that the following gentlemen be a committee to see the Committee of Safety : Col. Lincoln for Suffolk; Maj. Fuller for Essex ; Col. Prescott for Middlesex ; Col. Pomeroj' for Hamp- shire ; Nathan Cushing for Plymouth; Daniel Davis, Esq., for Barnstable; Col. Daggett for Bristol; Ichabod Goodwin, Esq., for York ; Joseph Mayhew, Esq., for Duke's County ; Maj. Bige- low for Worcester; Mr. Samuel Freeman for Cumberland ; Rev. John Murray for Lincoln ; Col. John Patterson for Berkshire, and Stephen Hussey, Esq., for Nantucket." Apr. 25, it was " voted that the companies in each regiment be reduced from 100 men to 59, including three officers, a captain and two subalterns ; and that each regiment be reduced to ten companies." In reply to a letter from Haverhill, stating that, owing to the late dreadful fire, together with some public distur- bance there, the two representatives, Nathaniel Peaslee Sargeant, Esq., and Jonathan Webster, were needed there, the Congress said : " The Congress apprehend the important business of the Colonies require that every town should be represented, and de- sires these and others should attend." Many memorials were received, from maritime ports, stating that armed vessels were hovering about; the people's means were exhausted ; and praying for reinforcements of men, as well as for supplies of arms and ammunition. Wednesday, April 36, it was resolved, " that William Burbeck is appointed engineer of the forces now being raised in this colony, to be paid at the rate of £150 per annum, and that from and after said forces shall be disbanded, during the life of said Burbeck, he shall be paid £97, 6s. Sd. annually." A letter to the Hon. Ben- jamin Franklin, Esq., at London, was read, speaking of their entire confidence in his faitiifulness and abilities ; their trust in his important agency, in this da}' of unequalled distress ; of the fallacious account of the recent tragedy, as sent by their enemies; requesting his assistance for Capt. Derby, the bearer of this pack- et; asking that the papers forwarded be immediately printed and sent through every town in England, and especially communicated to the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and City Council of London ; de- claring that, whatever price our brethren may be pleased to put on their constitutional liberties, the inhabitants of this country are inflexibly resolved to sell theirs, only at the price of their lives. An address to the people of Great Britain was adopted, stating " that hostilities were at length commenced by troops, under com- mand of Gen. Gage : On the night preceding April 19, a body of the King's troops, under the command of Col. Smith, were se- cretly landed at Cambridge. Inhabitants travelling peaceably on The Provincial Congress. 53 the road, between Boston and Concord, were seized and abused. Lexington was alarmed by these means, and a company mustered tliere. The regulars fired on said company, killing eight, and woundinof several others. Then the British regulars marched to Concord, where a number of the provincials were fired upon, two killed and serveral wounded. The engagement lasted through the day, in which many of the provincials, an 1 more of the regu- lar troops, were killed and wounded. A great many houses were plundered, and rendered unfit for use, several being burnt. Wo- men and children were driven naked into the street ; old men were shot dead ; and such scenes exhibited as would disgrace the annals of tlie most uncivilized nation. "But these have not detached us from our royal Sovereign. We propose to be his loyal and dutiful subjects, and are still ready, with our lives, to defend his person, family, crown and dignity. Nevertheless, to the persecution and tyranny of his cruel ministry we will not tamely submit. Appealing to Heaven for the justice of our cause, we determine to die or be free." Richard Gridley, Esq., was appointed Chief Engineer of the force, raising in this colony for the defence of the rights, and lib- erties of the American continent. Salary £170 per annum, law- ful money; salary, after the forces are disbanded, during life of said Gridley, £123 per annum. Thus it appears, while the Colonists were still " loyal and duti- ful subjects " of his Majesty the King, they were not unmindful to provide means for the noble art of self-defence against a time of need. The Committee on Supplies was ordered to procure and dis- tribute "such a quantity of powder and ball as appears necessary, to be supplied to the eastern towns of York, Welles, Boothbay and Biddeford ; resolved to send four half barrels to each of these towns." Thursday, Apr. 27, Capt. Goodman was delegated to enquire of the Committee ot Safety whether any provision is made for a post, or posts, to ride from the army to Worcester. In Committee of Safety Capt. Derby was directed to make for Dublin, or any other part of Ireland, thence cross to Scotland and England, hasten to London, and deliver his papers to the agent there. " P. S., You are to keep this order secret from every per- son on earth." This important secret message was signed by "J. Warren, Chairman." On motion of another illustrious leader, Mr. Gerry, the Con- gress resolved: " Whereas, hostilities have been commenced in this colony, by Great Britain, and the sword may remain un- sheathed for a considerable time. Resolved, that committees in the seaport towns of Essex, use their utmost efforts to have all the effects of the inhabitants removed, as soon as possible, and said inhabitants be in readiness to go into the country, at the shortest notice." In the afternoon it was ordered "that Capt. Kingsbury, Doctor 54 Watertowjz's Alllitary History. Holten, and Deacon Stone are appointed to enquire, and endeavor to get an exact account, concerning men killed, wounded and murdered in the late scene on the 19th inst." A committee was appointed to arrange means for supplying the treasury. April 28, a stirring letter was read, in reply to one received from New Hampshire, saying: " It is the opinion of this Con- gress, that a powerful army, on our side, must at once cut out such a work for a tyrannical administration, as, under the great opposition they meet in England, they cannot accomplish ; and their system of despotism must soon be shaken to the foundation ; but should they still pursue their sanguinary measures, that the colonies will then be able to make a successful stand." Saturday, Apr. 29, a committee reported in relation to the lib- eration of the inhabitants of Boston. A set of rules for the Con- gress was adopted. The Committee on Military Supplies was empowered to purchase every kind of military stores, provisions and other supplies for the use of the arm}'. A letter was prepared, expressing the deepest concern of this Congress "that Mr. Brown, a valuable friend to the cause of America, is betrayed into the hands of our common enemies. Ordered that Samuel Murray, and such other officers of Gen. Gage's army as are prisoners of war, be sent to Providence, to be made use of by Hon. Stephen Hopkins, or other friends, in ob- taining the liberty of Mr. Brown." Brown had been seized, with two others, and carried on board of a British man-of-war ship at Newport. Another letter, to Hon. Stephen Hopkins of Providence, stated how, since the above order was presented, word had been received, announcing that Gen. Gage had consented to allow the in- habitants of Boston to leave the place, with all their personal ef- fects, except firearms. The firearms were to be delivered to the selectmen, at Faneuil Hall, with their owner's names marked on them. The General expected a like permission would be given by Congress for colonists to move into Boston. " Should the first order — relating to Mr. Brown — be passed it might put a stop to this favorable event. P. S. Have just heard the passages from Boston are again blocked." April 29. Owing to the reduction of several regiments, from 1000 men to 590 men, the pay of field officers was reduced one- fifth, pay to be as follows: Colonel, £12 per month ; Lieutenant Colonel, £9, I2S. ; Major, £8. A committee was appointed on supply of the treasury, as follows : Doctor Taylor, Col. Dexter, Col. Gerrish, Mr. Gill, Mr. Gerry, Capt. Stone of Framingham and Capt. Greenleaf. A letter was received by the President from John Hancock" who was then at Worcester, being on his way to attend the Con tinental Congress. He states the need of himself and Samuel Adams for a suitable escort, and asks: "Are our men in good spirits.? For God's sake do not permit the spirit to subside, until they have perfected the reduction of their enemies. Boston must The Provincial Congress. 55 be entered. Oiu" friends are valuable, but our country must be saved. I have an interest in that tovi^n : What can be the enjoy- ment of that to me if I am obliged to hold it at the will of Gen. Gage or any one else?" A committee reported military supplies on hand as follows : In Cambridge, six three-pounders complete with ammunition, and one six-pounder ; in Watertown, sixteen pieces of artillery of dif- ferent sizes. The said six-pounder, and sixteen pieces, will be taken out of the way ; and the first mentioned six pieces will be used in a proper way of defence. April 30. A letter was sent to the Committee of Safety, request- ing an immediate report on the subject of removing the poor in- habitants of Boston. The Committee of Safety reported a resolve, " that any persons who incline to go into Boston with their effects, except firearms and ammunition, have toleration for the purpose, and be protected from injur3' and insult; that Doctor Taylor, Mr. Bailey, Mr. Lothrop, Mr. Holmes^nd Col. Farley be a committee to see what steps are necessary for assisting the poor of Boston in moving with their effects. Monday, May i. A form of commission for the officers of the Colonial Army was accepted, and it was voted to have 1000 copies printed. Report of committee appointed April 30: ''Whereas, it is reported that about 5000 of said inhabitants of Boston are in- digent. Resolved, that the good people of this Colony, and espe- cially the Selectmen and Committee of Correspondence, aid and assist said inhabitants with teams, etc. ; and that the Selectmen of the several towns provide for such persons in the best and most prudent way, until this, or some future. Congress shall take action thereon. Resolved, that these shall not be considered as the poor of said towns. Total estimated number, 4903 : allotted to Suffolk County, 215; Middlesex, 1016; Plymouth, 115; Bristol, 588; Berkshire, 314 ; Hampshire, 78S ; Worcester, 539." Ordered, that the Committee on Supplies be directed to deliver to William Reed, Esq., one barrel of pork, for the use of Joseph Loring, Joseph Loring, Jr., Widow Milliken and Joseph Pond. A committee, consisting of Mr. Hollock, Col. Howe, and Capt. White, was appointed to furnish the army with its present neces- saries. Tuesday, May 2. Col. Warren was chosen President pro tempore. [Note. The loss sustained by Deacon Joseph Loring was esti- mated at JC720 ; of Widow Milliken £431, including buildings, household furniture and wearing apparel. The house of Deacon Loring was near the spot where the brigade of Lord Percy joined the retreating detachment under Lieut. -Col. Smith, and is stated by him to have been the first one destroyed by the troops in Lex- ington, April 19.] "Doctor Warren presents his respects to Congress and accepts the Presidency." A committee was appointed to draw up a form of oath for the soldiers and officers. A letter to the delegates of 56 WaiertoTvn's Military History. this Congress at Connecticut was prepared, saying: "We appre- hend that things are now reduced to such a state nothing but an immediate recourse to arms can possibly prevent our destruction, and a recourse to any other method is, at best, nugatory and vain." This letter was presented because of a letter sent from Jonathan Trumbull to Gen. Gage, which Doctor Samuel Johnson and Col. Oliver Wolcott were commissioned to deliver, asking if there was any way to prevent this unhappy dispute from coming to extremi- ties. Gen. Gage replied, stating that "the King and Parliament seem to hold out terms of reconciliation consistent with the honor and interests of Great Britian, and the rights and privileges of the Colonies." May 3. Another prominent figure on the military checker- board now comes into view, an officer, at first respected and hon- ered with high command, who, nevertheless, was destined to end his career in dishonor. The Committee of Safety was directed to furnish Col. Benedict Arnold with 10 horses, 200 pounds of gunpowder, 200 pounds of lead balls, and 1000 flints, at the expense of the Colony ; and also i£iOO in lawful money. 1 Resolved, '' Ihat the Receiver General be empowered to borrow \] £100,000, and issue Colony securities for the same, payable, with annual interest at six per cent., June i, 1777 ; and that the Con- tinental Congress be desired to recommend to the several Colonies to give currency to said securities. The payment on notes is to be in Spanish milled dollars, at 6 shillings each ; or in the several species of coined silver and gold, as per English Act, notes to be not less than £4 each ; each soldier to be allowed 20 shillings in advance." Hon. Samuel Dexter, Esq., Doct. Joseph Warren, and Mr. Moses Gill, were made a committee to procure a copper plate for printing the Colony notes. A letter to the Continental Congress at Philadelphia was read and ordered to be forwarded. The letter expressed the deepest concern for this country, and asked direction and assistance. It stated what had been done in raising troops and money, and said that the raising of a powerful army, on the part of America, was the only means of stemming the rapid progress of a tyrannical min- istry. A resolve was adopted, recommending that an application be sent to Gen. Gage, signed by wives or nearest relatives of prison- ers, desiring he would discharge their friends from imprisonment. Friday, May 5. A vote was reconsidered, which had been passed at Concord, Apr. i, urging that writs, calling for a General Assembly the last Wednesday in May, be obeyed ; stating that Gen. Gage hath utterly disqualified himself to serve the Colony as Governor ; appointing Mr. Gardner, Col. Dwight and Col. Warren a committee to bring in a resolve, recommending the seve- ral towns to choose delegates to a new Provincial Congress, to be held the last Wednesday in May. A letter was adopted, to the Governor and Company of Connecticut, stating that the most in- The Provhzcial Congress. 57 contestible evidence proved the King's troops first fired upon and killed several Colonists, before injury was done to them ; that the experience we have had of Gen. Gage convinces us but little dependence can he placed on his professions, as it is evidently the business of the General to subjugate these Colonies. A letter was sent to Gen. Artemas Ward, requesting him to examine into the cause of the obstruction to the liberation of our friends in Boston ; a copy to be sent to the Selectmen of Boston. A resolve was adopted, calling for delegates to a Provincial Con- gress, to convene in the meeting house, at Watertown, May 31. [Note. — Gen. Jonathan Trumbull of Hartford, Conn., replied, May 4, in behalf of Connecticut ; saying : '' You need not fear for our firmness, deliberation and unanimity, and purpose lo act in unison and concert with our sister Colonists."] The Committee on Supplies was empowered to procure powder in the other Colonies ; also other military stores. Gen. John Whit- comb and Col. Benjamin Lincoln were appointed as Muster Mas- ters in the Massachusetts army, with orders to accept only able- bodied men. The pay of a train band of 46 men, including offi- cers, was fixed as follows : One Captain - - - - £6, los. per month. Two Lieutenants - - - One Fire Worker - - - Four Sergeants, each. Four Corporals " - - Thirty-two Matrosses, each, - One Drummer . _ _ One Fifer - - - - An order was passed, "to disarm all persons who will not give assurance of their good intentions ; to oblige all, who are liable by law, to appear, when properly called by their officers." A letter was approved, to the Selectmen of Hopkinton, sug- gesting extreme caution towards those who chose to leave the colony for Philadelphia. " A violation of the natural right of the individual to remove his person and effects wherever he pleases would ill become those who are contending for the inalienable right of every man to his own property, and to dispose of it as he pleases." A motion was lost, restraining people of this Colony from sup- plying Boston with provisions. A committee was appointed to refute a false account, which stated that when Capt. Parsons re- turned with three companies over the bridge, at Concoi"d, they observed three soldiers on the ground, one scalped, his head mangled, and ears cut oflT, although he was not quite dead. Ordered, that Selectmen supply enlisted men with arms, and that twenty Armorers be appointed to repair the many arms, un- fit for service. Ordered, that the Committee of Safety be directed to consider the propriety of removing the whole, or part, of the cannon and 6, I OS 4. 10 3» 10 2, 10 2, 6 2, 3 2, 6 2, 6 58 Watertoxvn's Military History. stores from Cambridge, further back into the country; that the general officers be directed to call in all soldiers who are already enlisted, and all in camp at Cambridge and Roxbury, so they will not depart until further orders of this Congress ; also direc- tions were given for preserving the straw, needed in large quanti- ties, for the army. A remonstrance to Gen. Gage was adopted, asking him to remove all obstructions suffered by the inhabitants of Boston, who have to contend with numerous delays and embarrassments in removing from that town. Resolved, that ten companies of train be formed for the artillery, and enter immediately on constant discipline. A letter was sent to the Committee of Correspondence of New York, stating that two men of war, with three or four companies of troops on board, had sailed from Boston to New York. Or- dered, that Capt. Stone, Col. Warren and Mr. Sullivan be a com- mittee to consider the raisingof one or two companies of Indians. Afternoon of May 12. A committee reported in favor of the appointment of another committee, which should make an appli- cation to the Continental Congress to secure the right, on the part of this Colony, to take up, and exercise the powers of civil gov- ernment. The action regarding companies of train was reconsid- ered, and the pay for ten companies of Matrosses, fixed as follows : Captain, Capt. Lieut, First " Two2"'i" each. Sergeants, " Corporals, " Six Bombardiers, " Six Gunners, " Thirty-two Matrosses," A third set of depositions for April 19 was ordered. Resolved, " that post riders be immediately established, to go from Cam- bridge to the various towns, that post offices be kept and post- masters appointed. Rates for mail sent by these post riders were fixed as follows : Not exceeding 60 miles, 5^ pence ; 100 miles, 8 pence ; 200 miles, io| pence; 300 miles, i shilling 1 pence; 400 miles, I shilling 4 pence; 500 miles, i shilling, 6| pence; 600 miles, I shilling, 9 pence; 700 miles, 2 shillings; 800 miles, 2 shillings, 2^ pence ; 900 miles, 2 shillings, 5 pence ; 1000 miles, 2 shillings, 8 pence." Above rates were for single letters, to be doubled for double let- ters and trebled for treble letters, and for every ounce in weight to be four times as much as for single letters. These charges were to remain in force until changed by the Continental Con- gress, by this Congress, or by the House of Representatives of this Colony. £6. 10 s 0 5- 10 0 4- 10 0 3- 12 0 2. 10 0 2. 6 0 2. 4 6 2. 4 0 2. 3 0 The Provincial Congress. 59 [Note. — A letter book of Gov. Hutchinson was found in the attic of his country seat at Milton. One letter was suppressed, as it had nota favorable bearing upon the stanch patriotism of Mr. Hancock. The book is now in the Massachusetts State Archives. 1 A letter was approved, to the eastern tribe of Indians, stating the great wickedness of Great Britian, asking for their aid, and saying that a blanket, a ribbon, and pay when away on service would be given to each. " We will do what we can for you, and fight to save you. We have sent Capt. John Lane to you, and he will show orders for raising one company of your men." Resolved, that no person shall be permitted to move his goods out of the Colony [to Nova Scotia or elsewhere], unless he shall obtain the permission of the Committee on Correspondence of the town he belongs to, or of the Selectmen. Resolved, that Con- gress approves the action of the Selectmen of Falmouth in send- ing reports that the Canadians are likely to attack their frontier, and recommending said Selectmen to transmit further intelligence with all convenient speed. Hon. Joseph Gerrish, Esq., and Col. Ebenezer Sawyer, were chosen as delegates to the Congress in the province of New Hampshire. Tuesday, May i6. Resolved, that Doct. Church go to Phila- delphia with the following application to the Continental Con- gress: "May it please your Honors: That system of Colony administration which, in the most firm, dutiful and loyal manner has been in vain remonstrated against, seems still to threaten ruin and destruction to this Continent. The principle of self-defence, roused in the breasts of freemen by the dread of impending slavery, caused to be collected the wisdom of America, in a Congress, composed of men, who, through time, must in every land of free- dom be revered, amongst the most faithful asserters of the essen- tial rights of human nature. We have declined, though urged thereto by the most pressing necessity, to assume the reins of civil government. But, as the sword should, in all free states, be sub- servient to the civil powers, we humbly hope you will favor us with your most explicit advice, respecting the taking up and ex- ercising the powers of civil government, which we think abso- lutely necessary for the salvation of our country. We suggest you take the regulation and general direction of the army." Resolved, that Hon. Joseph Gerrish, Esq., and Col. Ebenezer Sawyer, a committee to New Hampshire, be empowered to in- duce said Congress to raise their proportion of men to defend the Colonies. Doct. Benjamin Church was chosen as a delegate to Philadelphia. Resolved, that men be enlisted for the artillery force from the several regiments already engaged, so as to have men well quali- fied for service. Wednesday, May 17. A letter from Edward Mott to this Con- gress, dated May ir, 1775, was read giving an account of the taking of Ticonderoga, together with a letter from Ethan Allen. A form of oath for the officers was adopted. A resolve and let- 6o Watertown's Military History. ter were accepted, presenting congratulations on the reduction of the important fortress of Ticonderoga ; also asking if a battery of cannon, especially brass cannon, can be spared from that fortress, or procured from Crown Point ; suggesting that Col. Arnold take charge of and bring them down with all possible haste, Ethan Allen to remain in charge of the fort. Resolved, that Lady Frankland, wife of Sir Henry Frankland, who had extensive estates in Hopkinton, be permitted to go to Boston with seven trunks, all beds and furniture, all the boxes and crates, a basket of chickens and a bag of corn, two barrels and a hamper, two horses and two chaises, and all the articles in chaises, excepting arms and ammunition ; one phaeton, some tongues, ham and veal, together with sundry small bundles, as examined. [Note. — Notwithstanding this permission, some excitement arose at her departure. An armed party arrested her journey, and detained her person and effects, until the action of Congress freed her and her companions from captivity.] Friday, May 19. Col. Bond and a guard of six men were di- rected to escort Lady Frankland to Boston. The following were appointed as the Committee of Safety : Hon. John Hancock, Esq., Doct. Joseph Warren, Doct. Benja- min Church, Capt. Benjamin White, Col. Joseph Palmer, Mr. Richard Devens, Mr. Abraham Watson, Mr. John Pigeon, Col. Azor Orne, Hon. Benjamin Greenleaf, Esq., Mr. Nathan Cush- ing, Doct. Samuel Helton, and Hon. Enoch Freeman, Esq. This committee was empowered to assemble, dispose and dis- charge the militia and direct the army. Mr. John Pigeon was appointed a Commissary for the army. The Commission for Gen. Ward was accepted, as follows: "We, reposing trust and confidence in your courage and good conduct, do, by these presents, appoint you, the said Artemas Ward, to be General and Commander-in-Chief of all the forces raised by the Congress aforesaid, for the defence of this and the other American Colonies." Col. Foster, Capt. Stone and Mr. Webster, a committee ap- pointed to get depositions and a narrative of the late excursion of the King's troops to Concord, were directed to have these printed in pamphlet form, and a copy sent to every town and district. A report was received from the committee appointed, relating to the removal of people from Boston, and was accepted. It stated that only a small proportion of said inhabitants had been permitted to remove, and those only to bring their clothing and household furniture. Resolved, " that Gen. Ward be directed to order the guards in future not to suffer anything, except furniture and clothing, to be carried into Boston, until Ge.\\ Gage takes a different course of action, in accordance with his plighted faith." Resolved, " that each soldier and non-commissioned officer shall receive 40 shillings advance pay, instead of 20 shillings ; that, for the payment of advance pay to the Massachusetts army, there be The Provincial Congress. 6i issued notes not exceeding £26000." A report was accepted, re- questing ministers of tlie several denominations, to the number of 13, to attend the army, in their turns. Various commissions were granted to officers, only Colonels of the regiments to attend Congress for this purpose. Saturday, May 20. Congress met at 4 o'clock, and adjourned until 8 o'clock the next day. [From this time until the dissolving of this Congress no journal of its proceedings has been preserved. From the papers on file, and copies of resolves certified to be correct by Secretary Free- man, the record of the final eight days is imperfectly made up.] The important doings of Monday, Ma 22, are sketched as be- low: A committee reported the inhabitants of Deer Island to be greatly in want of provisions, but whether it was better to send them supplies, or to remove the people, was submitted for deci- sion to Congress. Resolved, that " those persons guilty of acting in conjunction with Gov. Hutchinson, are guilty of such atrocious crimes that every friend of mankind ought to forsake and detest them, until they shall give evidence of a sincere repentance, by actions worthy of men and Christians, and that no person within this province shall take any deed, lease, or conveyance, whatever of the lands, houses, or estates of such persons." A letter from Gen. Ward recommends procuring the following ordnance: 30 twenty-four pounders, 10 twelve-pounders, iS nine- pounders, 21,600 pounds of powder, 80 balls for each gun, 1500 stands of arms, 20,000 pounds of musket powder, 40,000 pounds of lead, and 1700 iron pots. A letter was approved, to be sent to Col. Arnold, applauding the conduct of the troops, and thanking him for his exertions in the cause. May 29, 1775, the Second Provincial Congress was dissolved. THIRD PROVINCIAL CONGRESS. At a Congress of delegates from the several towns and districts in the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, begun and held at the Meet- ing House in Watertown, the 31^* of May, 1775, Mr. Samuel Freeman was chosen Clerk, and Hon. Joseph Warren, Esq., President. June I, a convention of the ministers was held in the said Meet- ing House, at which they proffered their services as chaplains in the army. Congress, in a letter to Benedict Arnold, stated that " they are sorry to meet with repeated requests from you that some gentleman be sent to succeed you in command. They assure you they place the greatest confidence in your fidelity, knowledge, courage and good conduct; and they desire you, at present, to dismiss the thoughts of quitting your important command at Ti- conderoga. Crown Point, Lake Champlain, etc., and you are hereby requested to continue your command over the forces raised in this colony." He was advised that 1000 men had been ordered to march at once to his assistance. It was ordered, that the officers of Col. Gardner's regiment be commissioned, agreeably to the list by him submitted. This was the regiment with which was connected the Watertown company that served at Lexington. June 3, it was resolved that, in view of the depredation of Gen. Gage, all persons occupying the islands or coasts of this province be advised to remove their hay, cattle, horses, sheep, etc., so far into the country, or otherwise dispose of them, that they " may be out of the wa}' of our implacable enemies." The payment of the colony forces occasioned concern. The offer of Mr. Becket of Salem to lend £500 for this purpose was gratefully accepted. Mr. Paul Revere was directed to stamp the notes for the soldiers, "all the ensuing night, if he can, and to finish them with the greatest possible dispatch." Ascertain sorrel horse," that was taken by the guards at Roxbury from an officer of Gen. Gage's troops, Apr. 20, was ap- pointed for the use of the Rev. Mr. Emerson of Concord. Four prisoners, brought to thiis Congress by Sergt. John Parker, were committed to the custody of the guard which had charge of the public stores in Watertown. Tuesday, June 6, there was a lively hearing before Congress, in relation to charges made against Col. Brewer ; after a long and full debate, his commission, as Colonel of a regiment in the Mas- sachusetts army, was refused by a vote of 80 to 70. Whereupon, Mr. Edwards, at the door of the Meeting House, exclaimed : " By God ! if this province is to be governed in this manner, it is time HOME OF THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS IN 1775. First Parish Church, Watertovvn. Drawn by Charles Brigham, Architect, from description. Third Provincial Congress. 63 for us to look out, and 'tis all owing to the Committee of Safety, a pack of sappy-headed fellows. I know three of them myself." Mr. Edwards was the next day called before Congress and "ad- monished." A resolve was accepted, and ordered to be printed in the " Cambridge, VVatertown and Worcester papers," making further provisions for the removal of the poor from Boston, and their subsequent care and support. A letter was approved, to be sent to the Moheakounuck tribe of Indians, living in and around Stockbridge, in part as follows: " Brothers: You say that you were once great, but that you are now little ; and that we were once little, but are now great. The Supreme Spirit orders these things. Whether we are little or great, let us keep the path of friendship clear, which our fathers made, and in which we have both traveled to this time. Though you are small, you are wise ; use your wisdon to help us." Each soldier was allowed the following, per day : One pound of bread, half a pound of beef and half a pound of pork, and, if pork cannot be had, one pound and one quarter of beef; and one day in seven they shall have one pound and one quarter of fish, instead of a day's allowance of meat ; one pint of milk, or if milk cannot be had, one gill of rice ; one quart of good spruce or malt beer ; one gill of beans, or other sauce equivalent ; six ounces of butter per week ; one pound of common soap for six men per week ; half a pint of vinegar per week per man, if it can be had. In a letter to the Continental Congress, attention is called to the distressed condition of the Colony, and the need of a civil government to maintain order and preserve property : " The army under command ofGen. Gagewe estimate to amount at least to 5000 men, well appointed, under the command of gene- rals of character and experience, and prepared with everything necessary for action ; exclusive of the additional strength derived from negroes, which the general has taken into his service, and disaflected Americans. We have great reason to apprehend that a reinforcement of at least eight companies of foot and one of horse may be hourly expected. As the seat of war, with all its distresses has, for the present, taken its principal residence here, we should consider it a happy event, if you should think proper to adjourn to some part of the continent not far distant; that the advice and aid of the Continental Congress may be more expedi- tiously furnished upon any emergency." Walter Spooner, Jedediah Foster and James Sullivan, Esqs., were appointed a committee, and directed to proceed to Ticonder- oga and Crown Point, to inform themselves in what manner Col Benedict Arnold had executed his commission and instructions. "And in case you shall judge it proper to discharge said Arnold, that you direct him to return to this Colony and render his ac- count." Col. Warren, Col. Palmer, Mr. Seaver and Doct. Taylor were appointed a committee to consider the subject matter of an extra- ordinary proclamation just issued by Gen. Gage. 64 Watertown^s Alilitary History. In this proclamation, Gen. Gajje recounts the events which had of late transpired, refers to the Colonists as rebels who have added insult to outrage, and publishes and declares the establishment of martial law throughout the province. Thursday, June 15, it was resolved " that the library, appara- tus and other valuables of Harvard College be removed, as soon as may be, to Andover." It was ordered, that the various towns collect firearms, and that arrangements be made for establishing a camp at Cambridge. Friday, June 16, Cols. Jonathan Brewer, and David Brewer, and Col. Glover were sworn and commissioned. A committee on the violation of the Sabbath reported : "Among the prevailing sins of this day we have reason to lament the fre- quent profanation of the Lord's Day, or the Christian Sabbath, many spending their time in idleness or sloth, others in diversions, and others in journeying or business which is not necessary on said day." Ministers were asked to use their influence to dis- countenance such profanation, and officers were advised to strictly require of their soldiers to keep up a religious regard for the day. The committee appointed therefor made a vigorous reply to the recent proclamation of Gen. Gage. " And we trust that the God of armies, on whom we rely for a blessing upon our arms, which we have taken up in support of the great and fundamental principles of natural justice, and the common and indefeasible rights of mankind, will guide and direct us in our designs; and at last, in infinite goodness to this his injured people, restore peace and freedom to the American world." On the afternoon of Wednesday, June 14, Doct. Joseph War- ren was chosen as second Major-General, the Hon. John Whit- comb, Esq., having been chosen as first Major-General of the Massachusetts army. Three days later General W^arren rode from Watertown on horseback to Cambridge and thence to Bun- ker Hill, where he was killed in the terrible encounter between the Colonists and British troops. The intense excitement caused by this battle was reflected in tlie doings of the Provincial Congress, which held an important session, Sunday, June iS. The first action was the adoption of a resolve, that the records and papers ot Congress be secured and taken care of at the direction of the secretary. A committee was appointed to prepare a letter to the Conti- nental Congress, in relation to the late attack. The Committee on Supplies was asked what steps had been taken to procure powder from the other governments of New England. Other committees were appointed to provide supplies tor the soldiers, and to care for the sick and wounded. Hon. James Warren was chosen President of the Congress " in room of the Hon. Joseph Warren, Esq., supposed to be killed in the late battle of Bunker Hill." In a letter to the Con- tinental Congress, it was stated that about 1200 Colonists took possession of posts in Charlestown and Dorchester, June 16. "The I Third Provincial Congress, 65 British man-of-war Lively, and other vessels, opened fire upon them at daylight, Saturday, June 17. About 2 p.m. the British troops landed and attacked them, but were twice repulsed. At 5 o'clock the British had gained possession of the posts within the isthmus, and Charlestown was being destroyed by fire. The number of Colonists killed, or missing, was estimated at 60 or 70. Our most worthy friend and president, Doct. Warren, lately elected a major-general, is one of them. This loss we feel most sensibly. The loss of the British was said to be 1000." The subsequent acts of this Provincial Congress related to ac- tive preparations for the Colony's defence. Yet the religious spirit of the times was manifest in the appointment of Thursday, July 13, to be observed throughout the Colony as a day of fasting and prayer. GENERAL WASHINGTON IN WATERTOWN. June 26. — Doct. Benjamin Church and Mr. Moses Gill were appointed as a committee on behalf of Congress, "to repair to Springfield, there to receive Gens. Washington and Lee, with every mark of respect due to their exalted stations ; to provide escorts for them from thence, to the army before Boston, and the house provided for their reception at Cambridge ; and to make suitable provision for them in the manner following, viz. : by a number of gentlemen from the Colony from Springfield to Brook- field ; and by another company raised in that neighborhood, from thence to Worcester ; and by another company provided from thence to Marlborough ; and from thence, by the troop of horse in that place, to the army aforesaid : And to make suitable provision for tlieir company at the several stages on the road, and to receive the bills of expense at the several inns, where it may be convenient for them to stop for refreshment, to examine them, and make report of the several sums expended at each of them, for that purpose, that orders may be taken by the Congress for the payment of them ; and all innkeepers are hereby directed to make provision agreeably to the requests made by the said com- mittee ; and that Gen. Ward be notified of the appointment of Gen. Washington as Commander-in-chief of the American forces, and of the expectation we have, of his speedy arrival with Major- Gen. Lee, that he, with the generals of the forces of the other Colonies, may give such orders for their honorable reception, as may accord with tlie rules and circumstances of the army, and the respect due to their rank, without, however, any expense of pow- der, and without taking the troops oft' from the necessary attention to their duty, at this crisis of our afiairs. " That the president's house in Cambridge [the Craigie house, afterwards the Longfellow residence], excepting one room re- served by the president for his own use, be taken, cleared, pre- pared and furnished, for the reception of Gen. Washington and Gen. Lee." General Washington having been duly received and escorted to Watertown was greeted, July 3, with the following address, approved by Congress, July i, 1775 ■' " To His Excellency George Washington, Esq., general and commander-in-chief of the Continental Army: Mav it please your excellency — The Congress of Massachusetts Colony, impressed with every sentiment of gratitude and respect, beg leave to congratulate you on your safe arrival, and to wish you all imaginable happiness and success in the execution of your elevated station. General Washington in Watertonvn. 67 While we applaud that attention to the public good manifested in your appointment, we equally admire that disinterested virtue, and distinguished patriotism, which alone could call you from those enjoyments of domestic life, which a sublime and manly taste, joined wtth a most affluent fortune can afford; to hazard your life, and to endure the fatigues of war, in the defence of the rights of mankind and the good of your country. The laudable zeal for the common cause of America, and com- passion for the distresses of the Colony, exhibited by the great despatch made in your journey hither, fully justify the universal satisfaction we have with pleasure observed on this occasion ; and are promising presages, that the great expectations formed from your personal character, and military abilities, are well founded. We wish you may have found such regularity and discipline already established in the army, as may be agreeable to your ex- pectations. The hurry with which it was necessarily collected, and the many disadvantages, arising from a suspension of govern- ment, under which we have raised and endeavored to regulate the forces of this Colony, have rendered it a work of time; and though, in great measure effected, the completion of so difficult, and at the same time so necessary a task, is reserved to your ex- cellency, and we doubt not will be properly considered and at- tended to. We would not presume to prescribe to your excellency, but supposing you would choose to be informed of the general charac- ter of the soldiers who compose the army, beg leave to represent, that the greater part of them have not before seen service ; and though naturally brave, and of good understanding, yet, for want of experience in military life, have but little knowledge of divers things most essential to the preservation of health and even life. The youth of the army are not possessed of the absolute necessity of cleanliness in their dress and lodging, continual exercise and strict temperance, to preserve them from diseases frequently pre- vailing in camps, especially among those, who, from their child- hood, have been used to a laborious life. We beg leave to assure you, that this Congress will, at all times, be ready to attend to such requisitions as you may have occasion to make to us ; and to contribute all the aid in our power to the cause of America, and your happiness and ease in the discharge of the duties of your exalted office. We most fervently implore Almighty God, that the blessings of Divine Providence may rest on you ; that your head may be covered in the day of battle ; that every necessary assistance may be afforded, and that you may be long continued, in life and health, a blessing to mankind." Gen. Washington responded as follows: " Gentlemen: — Your kind congratulations on my appointment and arrival, demand my warmest acknowledgments, and will ever be retained in grateful remembrance. 68 Water town'' s Military History. In exchanging the enjoyments of domestic life for the duties of my present honorable, but arduous station, I only emulate the virtue, and public spirit of the wliole province of the Massachusetts Bay, which, with a firmness and patriotism without example in modern history, has sacrificed all the comforts of social and po- litical life in support of the rights of mankind, and the welfare of our common country. My highest ambition is, to be the happy instrument of vindicating those rights, and to see this devoted province again restored to peace, liberty and safety. The short space of time which has elapsed since my arrival, does not permit me to decide upon the state of the army. The course of human affairs forbids an expectation, that troops formed under such circumstances, should, at once, possess the order, reg- ularity, and discipline of veterans. Whatever deficiencies there may be, will I doubt not, soon be made up by the activity and zeal of the officers, and the docility and obedience of the men. These qualities, united with their native bravery and spirit, will afford a happy presage of success, and put a final period to those distresses which now overwhelm this once happy country. I most sincely thank you, gentlemen, for your declaration of readiness, at all times, to assist me in the discharge of the duties of my station. They are so complicated and extended that I shall need the assistance of every good man and lover of his coun- try ; I therefore repose the utmost confidence in your aid. In return for your affectionate wishes to myself, permit me to say, that I earnestly implore that Divine Being, in whose hands are all human events, to make vou and your constituents, as distin- guislied in private and public happiness, as you have been by ministerial oppression, by private and public distress." An address of welcome and congratulation presented to Major- Gen. Charles Lee, was replied to by him in the following man- ner : '' To the Gentlemen of the Piovincial Congress of Massachusetts : Gentlemen : — Nothing can be so flattering to me, as tiie good opinion and approbation of the delegates of a free and uncorrupted people. I was educated in the highest reverance for the rights of mankind, and have acquired, b}' long acquaintance, a most par- ticular regard for the people of America. You may depend, therefore, gentlemen, on my zeal and integrity ; I can promise nothing for my abilities. God Almighty grant us success equal to the righteousness of the cause. I thank you, gentlemen, for an address which does me so much honor, and shall labor to deserve it." During the closing days of the session of Congress, orders were passed, providing 13,000 coats for the army ; for placing the stores of powder in school houses and elsewhere in Watertown ; and impressing the saw mill belonging to Mr. John Cook, in Watertown, into the public service. General Washington in Watertown. 69 The receiver-general was directed to pay the modest bill " of JE28. 5s. and lod. for escorting and entertaining Gens. Washington and Lee from Springfield to Cambridge." Wednesday, July 19, 1775, the Provincial Congress was forever dissolved. Its labors have been freely sketched in this book to show how within the town of Watertown these Massachusetts delegates had vigorously acted, almost alone, in preparing means of defence against the forces of King George. It had concluded its distinctively local and provincial work. Now, under the direction of a greater cen- tral authority, the Continental Congress, it continued to put forth its best efforts for the common good, but assumed a new name, which has since been retained in honor and respect, that of "The Great and General Court of Massachusetts." In the old meeting house at Watertown, as the granite memo- rial relates, this Great and General Court was organized, July 19, 1775? 3nd here it continued to hold its sessions until Nov. 9, 177^' when it removed to Boston. Again, in 1778, it met here from June 2 to June 23, owing to a small pox scare in Boston at that time. In Watertown were decided the important measures for carry- ing on the war. Here, the following year, the General Court unflinchingly supported the Continental Congress in its Declara- tion of Independence, as adopted July 4, 1776. But in the midst of this glory there came a day of shame for one of those delegates who had stood high in the council of the Colony. Nov. 7? '775' the meeting house witnessed an unwonted scene, when Dr. Ben- jamin Church was tried, convicted and publicly branded as a trai- tor to his country. He had served the Provincial Congress on important committees, including the one which received General Washington at Springfield, when on his way to take command of the army at Cambridge. He was later discovered to be in secret correspondence with the British, and one of his letters was inter- cepted. He was sentenced to Norwich, Conn., jail, where he remained confined until the following spring. Owing to his ill- health he was then released from prison, ordered to be transported for life, and was placed on board of a ship bound for the West Indies. It is supposed the vessel and its occupants went to the bottom of the ocean, as there were no further tidings of them received. THE MARSHALL FOWLE HOUSE. Next in historic importance to the old meeting house, in which the sessions of the Provincial Congress and its worthy successor, the Great and General Court, were held, is the Marshall Fowle House, wherein the Provincial Council transacted its business of state. This Council was chosen by the deputies under special authority given, June 9, 1775, by the Continental Congress, to assume those duties that had previously been performed by the royal governor and lieutenant governor. From a paper read by Dr. Bennett F. Davenport, now president of the Watertown Historical Society, eleven years ago, before that So- ciety, are gleaned the following facts: " On July 21, 1775, the 205 deputies, who met in the meeting house at Watertown and organized the General Court, chose 28 Councillors, of whom 14 attended the meeting of the board the 26*^'', and 17 on the 27'''. On the 28'^'' the house passed a preamble and resolve, to the effect that the governor and lieutenant governor having absented themselves and refused to govern the province according to the charter, therefore, until they return to their duty, or some governor shall be ap- pointed to govern the province according to the charter, the house will recognize the Council, or major part of them, as governor, and will acquiesce in their doings as such. The new governinent then organized — the legislative board of the Council, commonly called the General Court Board, beginning on July 26 — held sway without any other executive head than the Council, until the adoption of the Constitution, in 1780. " Upon July 21, 1775, ' a committee was appointed to provide some convenient place for the Council to sit in.' It reported the next day ' that a large chamber in the house of Mr. Fowle might be procured, but, it being unfinished, the Committee recommended that there be a rough floor laid, and chairs provided for that pur- pose.' The report was accepted, and a committee appointed to prepare said chamber. From the records the Honorable Council appear to have continued to occupy this chamber in the Marshall Fowle house so long as the assembly met in the meeting house at Watertown." This building is supposed to have been built by Edmund Fowle, in 1765. It was originally located a short distance back from Mount Auburn street, and was removed to its present site, on the westerly side of Marshall street, in order that the latter street might be cut through. Once it was a single homestead back of which were ample grounds, with garden, orchard and farm land, extending back to Spring street, in all about 3^ acres, and Edmund Fowle was, in 1775, assessed for £47, making him appear as an The Marshall Fowle House. *Ji important property holder among his fellow townsmen in those days of low valuations. It passed into the possession of his son, Marshall Fowle, and is known by his son's name. As the latter had no children, his sister, Mrs. Bradley, became owner of the house. Later, William Russell bought the estate, and he sold it, in 1S71, June 22, to Charles Brigham, the present owner, who, with his partner, Mr. Sturgis, moved back the dwelling, built the street, and divided and sold land in small house lots. The house was changed so as to provide accommodations for two families, a side porch and new front dormers being added, the great central chimney removed, and various other alterations made. The memorial stone at the junction of Mount Auburn and Mar- shall streets, states that Gen. Warren slept in the Marshall Fowle house the night before the Battle of Bunker Hill. Charles Brig- ham's mother, Mary Brigham, frequently spoke of this as a gene- rally accepted tradition of which she had been cognizant since her early days of nearly a century ago. A window pane, now destroyed, in the old house was inscribed with the name " War- ren." Joseph Warren was born in Roxbury, Mass., in 1741 ; gradu- ated at Harvard in 1759, and became a physician in Boston, in 1764. He was an orator of note, and a patriot of a high order. He delivered an excellent address on the second anniversary of the Boston Massacre, and another on the same subject in March, 1775. He was president of the Provincial Congress, in i774 ^r^d 1775, as well as chairman of the Committee of Safety. He op- posed the movements of Gen. Gage, had much to do with the success of the Colonists at Lexington, and objected to the occupa- tion of Charlestown heights. Overruled by a majority of the Council which resolved to fortify Bunker Hill, he went there as a volunteer, and, although elected a major-general three days be- fore, refused to take the chief command offered him by both Prescott and Putnam. As he was leaving the field among the last, he was struck by a bullet in the forehead, and died at the age of 34. It is said that he rode from Watertown on horseback upon the morning of that eventful day. " Prepare lint, for the poor fellows will need it," tradition says was his last injunction to the Water- town women as he bade them good bye. He galloped along Mount Auburn street to Cambridge, where he made a brief stop, and thence continued his rapid course to Bunker Hill. But the Fowle House had other noble guests, among them be- ing General W^ashington and his wife. From an historical article read by Mrs. Ruth A. Bradford of Watertown before the Water- town Historical Society, May 19, 1891, it appears that Lady Washington was received and entertained in the house, Dec. 11, 1775, stopping awhile in the course of her journey by coach through Watertown to join General Washington in Cambridge. She was the guest of the Hon. James Warren and his wife, who were occupying the house. 72 Watertoivn's Military History. James Warren was born in 1726, and graduated at Harvard in 1745. He was a merchant, succeeding to his father's handsome estate in 1757. He also succeeded his father in the office of high- sheriff of Plymouth County. In 1766 he was elected to the legis- lature, where he warmly advocated ihe rights of the Colonists. He became president of the Provincial Congress on the death of Gen. Joseph Warren, was for a time paymaster of the Continental Army, and afterwards speaker of the Massachusetts house of rep- resentatives. He died in 1808. His wife, who before marriage was Mercy Otis, was a woman of note, a writer of poems and political articles, and also of a three volume history of the Revolutionary War. She was a sister of "James Otis the Patriot," one of the ablest and most influential Colonists in Massachusetts. It is well to know and reflect upon the dignified and honorable character of those men who constituted the original Council that met and organized in the Marshall Fowle house. Many of them had a brilliant part in the creation and firm establishment of our republican form of government. John Hancock, whose charac- teristic signature on the Declaration of Independence is a pre- dominating feature in that list of immortal names, was a member of the Council. So also were John Adams. Samuel Adams, Caleb Cushing and other illustrious men, as will be noted in the follow- ing list of Councilors as chosen by the General Court, July 21, 1775: Hon. James Bowdoin, Hon. James Pitts, Benjamin Greenleaf, Caleb Cushing, John Hancock, John Winthrop, Joseph Gerrish, John Adams, Jedediah Foster, James Prescott, Michael Farley, Thomas Cushing, Joseph Palmer, Benjamin Lincoln, Jabez Fisher, Azor Orne, Samuel Adams and Eldad Taylor, these rep- resenting the territory of Massachusetts Bay ; for Old Colony of New Plymouth, Hon. William Seaver, Walter Spooner, James Otis and Robert Treat Payne ; for the late Province of Maine, Hon. Benjamin Chadbourn, Enoch Freeman. SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. At the opening of the Revolutionary War, Watertown's terri- tory had been seriously reduced. In 17131 Weston was incorpo- rated, taking away 10,373 acres; and Waltham, in 173S, was formed with 8S91 acres. In April, i754i ^ generous slice was taken from the easterly end of the town and added to Cambridge. This last cut included the land from what is now Sparks street in Cam- bridge to the Mount Auburn Cemetery, and involved the loss of Watertown's original town site and landing place on the Charles river. Gerry's landing, near the Cambridge hospital, is the place where experts have decided that the Watertown party of Colonists landed, in 1630, and near that point they built the first small village, which was protected by palisades against Indian attacks. Sub- stantially, then, in 1775, the limits of Watertown comprised its present area, and the 1446 acres which, in 1859, were taken away to form the new town of Belmont. Watertown, in Jan. 1775, had 207 polls, and a total valuation of £6003, about $30,000. The assessors had an East list and a West list of property-holders and poll tax payers. Number of polls in West list, 127; in East list, 80. Total valuation, West list, £3276 and 9s. ; East list, £2726 and 14s. In order to give an idea, as to the persons who resided in the town at the period of the Revolutionary War, many of whom were liable to be called upon for military duty, the following com- plete list of property holders and poll tax payers has been copied from the assessors' valuation report of Dec. i, 1774, four months previous to the battle of Lexington. These lists, neatly written, well spelled, and in good condition, were found with other papers of value in a safe at the Town House. The assessors, whose names are signed, were those old, familiar characters in Water- town's history, Jonathan Brown, Samuel Fisk, and Moses Stone. EAST SIDE LIST. £ s £ S Capt Eben' Stone - - 0 0 Saml. Nutting - - 69 4 Widow Ann Clark - 6 0 Moses Stone - 161 12 Simon Coollidge 22 16 Nehi» Mason - 79 0 Sam'ljenison - - - 20 0 Eben' Stone Jr. - - 55 16 W™ Learned - - - 22 8 John Sawin - 34 10 Widow Mary Coollidge - I 10 Jona Child - - - - 71 18 Natl. Stone - - - - 59 10 Daniel Sawin - - 36 8 Zachf Shedd - - - no 10 Elijah Bond - 48 16 Isaac Sanderson 45 14 in Kemball's right - 6 to Millicent Bright - - 20 10 Phin^ Child - - 31 0 74 Watertown's Military History. in Kemball's right - Jon* Learned - - - Jon» Learned, jr. Josiah Bright - - - Josiah Norcross - - - Chris"" Grant - - - Chris"" Grant, jr. Thos, Clark - - - Rich^ Clark - - - Edwd. Richardson - Jonas Barnard - - - Joseph Coollidge in Warrin's right Sam' White - - - in Bright's right Jonas Bond - - - - Ens. John Stratton - Sam^ Soden - . . Nathan Coollidge - in Mother's right - Tho* Learned - - - in Coollidge right - Jonas Hastings - - - in Bond's right . Amos Livermore in his Mother's right Sam^Jenison - - - Jon» Coollidge Godding John Chenery - - - Thos. Harrington - Simon Coollidge, jr. Isaac Sanderson, jr. Phin^Jenison - - - W^'Jenison - - . W™ Chenery . - - Josiah Bisco - - - John Hunt, Esq. Deacon Sam^ Fisk - Capt. Daniel Whitney • Capt. Edw*! Harrington in Stearnes's right - widow- Hannah Harris • Sami Cook - - - • Capt. John Tainter - Nath' Harrington - £ s £ s 77 0 estate of Israel Whitn ey. 3 10 deceased - - 60 14 20 10 David Coollidge - - 44 8 76 4 Benj" Learned - - - 4 8 44 4 Simon Hastings - - 53 6 52 18 Sol" Prentice - - 43 6 47 16 Isaac Prentice - - - 0 0 82 I Ann Bainger - - 7 4 62 6 Thos. Coollidge - - 13 2 35 10 in his Mother's rig lit - 16 0 SI 16 David Stone - - 4 0 33 8 David Barnard - - - 2 0 2 0 Moses Stone, jr. - - I 4 153 0 W™ Stone - - - 2 8 9 12 Jon* Stone - - - 0 19 117 5 Abijah Stone - - 0 0 45 0 Nathi Bright - - - 9 0 64 0 Seth Sanderson - - 5 0 64 6 James Mallard - - - 3 12 36 0 John Vila - - - 4 16 24 16 John Crane - - 0 0 49 0 Oliver Learned - - - 0 0 36 18 Spencer Godding - - 14 10 S(> 0 Jonas Learned - - - 0 0 39 16 Nicodemas Gigger - - 0 0 26 0 Eben"" Hovey - - 0 0 0 0 William Leathe - - 0 0 49 0 And^ White - - 0 0 23 6 Jonas Barnard jr - - 0 0 71 10 9 10 Non Residents. I 16 John Vassal esq. - - 26 0 8 10 Joseph Wellington - - 16 0 0 0 Sam^ Swan - - - 3 0 13 0 Eben"- Wyth - - 5 0 4 4 Jonas Prentise, Jr. - - 5 0 WEST SIDE LIST. £ s £ s 67 2 John Bemis - - 120 10 III 4 John Cook - - - 95 10 13s 0 Thos Wellington - - 41 6 84 16 Phin« Stearns - - - 59 12 2 8 Jonas White - - 135 14 15 0 Daniel Bond - - 20 10 35 12 Bez" Learned - - - 74 16 26 18 Josiah Capen, Esq - - 130 6 46 16 Widow Dorothy Coollidge 85 0 Soldiers of the Revolution. 75 £ s £ s Jon« Brown - - 52 16 John Bullman - - - 0 0 David Bemis - 141 6 Oliver M° Roe - 7 0 in Hammond's right iS 0 Edmd Fowle 47 0 Ezekiel Hall - 161 0 Josiah Capen, jr. '7 6 in Hunt's right - - - 8 0 Capt. W'n Cookrain 56 0 Joseph Hay - - 13 0 Pane' Park - - - - 14 0 David Sanger - - 37 6 Amos Bond - - - 49 10 John Remington - - 121 10 Jon« Whitney - - - 6 ID Simon Whitney - 50 16 Elki^ Wales . - - - 10 0 Natl Sanger - 3 0 Daniel Cornwall 6 0 Jed"^ Leathe - - - 26 10 Abner Craft 45 0 John Draper - - 63 6 Jon" Craft - - - - 0 0 John Tainter, jr. - 5 10 Nath' Craft- - - - 2 0 Tho'Pattin- - - - 41 18 Benjn Bird - - - - 0 0 Sami Sanger - 56 6 James Austin - - - 6 0 Ebenr Stetson - - 17 18 Tho^ Prentice - 0 0 Sam' Benjamin - - 60 iS John Hunt, ju^ - - - 8 0 W" Sanger - - II 8 W™ Hunt - - - - 43 0 Elisha Learned - - 10 4 W" McCurtain - 6 0 Colo W"^ Bond - - 69 4 Capt David Parker - 2 0 Steph° Harris . - 29 0 Eben' Everit - - - 28 8 Sam' Hager - - 29 14 Richd Everit - - - 0 0 Moses Hager - 22 0 Elijah Tolman - - - 2 0 John Whitnej-, jr. - - 0 0 Benj" Capen . - - 8 0 Joseph Gardner - I 10 David Capen - - - 0 0 Lt. Sam' Barnard - 79 4 John Randal - - - 0 0 John Cookson - - 54 0 Joseph Bemis - - - 0 0 David Whitney - - 12 0 Sam' Barber - - - 0 0 Ezek' Whitney - - - 8 0 in Spring's right 4 0 Sam' Whitney - - 25 8 Jon* Brewer - . - 0 0 Tho8 Draper - - 0 0 Sam' Bemis . . - 0 0 Joseph Whitney - II 10 Moses Souther - - - 0 0 Elna'i Whitney - - - 5 8 Daniel Jackson 0 0 Ameriah Learned - ID 0 Jonas White, ju'' 0 0 Eires Tainter - - 31 16 Peter Harrington - 27 0 Edw'' Harrington, Jr. - 31 4 John Fowle - - - 19 10 Daniel Whitney, j r. 37 5 Jedi'' Learned - - - 5 0 Convers Spring - - II 18 Daniel Cook- - - - 0 0 Jonas CooUidge - 10 0 Barth""' Peirce - 0 0 Steph" Whitney - - 17 2 John Wellington - 0 0 Marshal Spring - 28 0 Tho« Bogle - - - 0 0 Seth Norcross - - - 9 0 John Crane - - - - 0 0 Henry Whitney - 0 0 Johnson - - - 0 3 W™ Harrington - 22 0 Elisha Brewer - - - 0 0 Widow Eliz* Whi tney - II 10 Abra" Whitney - - 4 0 Non Residents. in the right of his Fath- Joshua Fullar - - - 4 0 er's Heirs - - 32 0 Phin» Bond - - - 4 0 76 Waterio-wn's Military History. £ s £ s Oaks Angier 4 o Jon" Hamond - 4 o W" Park - - - 2 o Nathan Fullar - 2 o W" Coollidge - lO o John Brown - i8 o Jon» Brewer 9 o Isaac Parkhurst 4 o Jon'^ Fullar - - - - 9 0 THE LEXINGTON ALARM. September, 1774, in view of the troubled state of affairs, Water- town ordered its militia company to drill two hours each day for three months, and that its stock of ammunition should be inspected. The company was therefore in a fair condition of training the fol- lowing spring. Tuesday night, Apr. 18, 1775, Gen. Gage sent Lieut. -Col. Smith with 800 British troops from Boston to Concord and vicini- ty to destroy the stores collected there by the Colonists, and also to seize the persons of John Hancock and Samuel Adams, who were residing at the house of Rev. John Clark in Lexington. The Colonists became aware of this intent, and Paul Revere, galloping on horseback, " Spread the alarm, Through every Middlesex village and farm, For the country folk to be up and to arm." About 70 of these country folk, militia, under command of Capt. Parker, early on the morning of April 19, made a stand at Lexington Common, and were fired upon by the advance guard of British, by order of Major Pitcairn ; eight Colonists were killed and several wounded. The British pushed on to Concord, arriving about 7.30 a.m., where they destroyed such stores as they could find. Col. Barrett, with about 180 militia, engaged a por- tion of them in conflict at the Concord river bridge, both Colonists and British suffering slight losses. On one side of the river near the bridge stands today a notable statue of the " Minute Man," to mark where the Americans fought. On the other side of the gently flowing stream is a monument which states that two British soldiers lost their lives in that engagement. The British retreated to Boston, followed and fired upon nearly all the way by the Colonists. The alarm had spread far and wide. From many towns the militia and plain untrained farmers hastened, gaining constantly in numbers and effectiveness ; while the regulars, in defensive warfare, continued to retreat. Watertown took a creditable part in the work of that day. Ac- cording to a historical sketch written by Solon F. Whitney, who for many years has been the town's librarian, the Middlesex regi- ment, under command of Col. Thomas Gardner, assembled at the Watertown meeting house early on the morning of Apr. 19. In that regiment was the compan}' of Watertown Minute Men, of which Captain Samuel Barnard was in command. This company had been formed in accordance with a vote of the town meeting, Jan. 2, 1775, each man being allowed for his attendance upon 78 Watertoivn's Military History. military exercises, once each week, four coppers, " for refresh- ment." While they were debating as to the proper course of action, Michael Jackson, in command of the Newton compan}', arrived. He declared that the time for fighting had come, and he intended to have his company take the shortest possible route to get a shot at the British. Each company choosing its course, the Water- town company hastened to Lexington. Near that town they joined tlie Newton company, and soon encountered Lord Percy's retreating forces. They followed and harassed the enemy. Joseph Coolidge, of the Watertown company, was slain. The British loss that day, in killed, wounded and missing, is said to have been 273 ; the loss of the Colonists, 93. In the military archives at the State House, Boston, is an an- cient, wrinkled, and discolored manuscript ; with others of like import it is jealously guarded and must be handled with great care. It gives the names of the officers and men comprising Capt. Bar- nard's company which marched from Watertown to Lexington, the number of days service for each one, and the amount of com- pensation due. A Muster Roll of the company under the command of Capt. Samuel Barnard, in the late Col. Thomas Gardner's Regiment of Militia, which marched on the alarm April 19, 1775 : Samuel Barnard, Capt. John Stratton, Lieut. Phinehas Stearns, 2"'^ Lieut. Edw*^ Harrington, Ensign Samuel Sanger, Sergt. Christopher Grant " Josiah Capen " Stephen Whitney " Isaac Saunderson, Corp. Moses Stone " Nath^ Bright " Will™ Harrington " Nathan Coolidge Nath^ Benjamin Stephen Cook Josiah Saunderson Seth Sanderson John Sanger Tilly Mead Abra"^ Whitney John Whitney David Whitney John Villa Dan^ Mason WilP^ Leathe Tho^ Learned Dan^ Collidge Moses Collidge Francis Brown Isaac Prentice Thomas Hastings Amos Tainter Josiah Norcross Dan^ Whitney Zacheriah Sheed Jonathan Whitney Spencer Gooding Jon^ Coolidge Gooding Thos Staftbrd Edw'' Harrington Sr. Sam' Sodin David Capen Sam' White, Jr. Jon'^ Bright Phinehas Childs Jonas Bond, jr. Richard Clark John Remmington Simon CooUidge, jr. Jon'^ Stone Benj'^ Capen Bazaleel Larned The Lexington Alarm. 79 John Bullman Pennel Parks Phinnehas Jenneson David Beamis, jr. Jedediah Learned Sam' Bond Joel White Tho^ Prentice Ehiathan Whitney John Cook John Randall Elisha Tolman John Ciane David Stone Will™ Chenery Richard Everitt Tho' Coollidge John Fowle Peter Harrington Sam' Barnard, Jr. Dan' Saw^in, Jr. Joshna Stratton Tho» Clark Sam' White John Chennery Dan' Cook Phinehas Childs, Jr. John Hnnt, jr. Amos Bond Elias Tufl'ts James Austin Henry Bradshaw Elkanah Wales Benj^ Learned Jonas White Eben Everett James Mallard Zechariah Hicks Nath' Harris, jr. Sam' Benjamin, jr. Jonas Barnard, jr. March i6, 1776. Will"' White Will™ Jennison Dan' Learned Jacob Saunderson Jonas Learned Moses Souter Will" Learned Oliver Monroe Phinehas Harrington Will™ Watson Jonas Coollidge Edmond Fowle Stephen Harris Henry Gypson Ephraim Jones Will™ Parks John Willington Cornelius Stone Jedediah Leithe David Parker Saml. Warrin Leonard Bond Peter Ricliardson Oliver Learned Jon'*^ Benjamin Sam' Warrin, jr. Elijah Fiezie Will™ McCurtain Moses Hagar Elisha Brewer Jon'^ Childs Tho^ Hunt Simon Hastings Dan' Jackson Richard Loathe James Tufts Ezekiel Whitney Cornelius Parks Will™ Sanger Tho^ Wellington Converse Spring. A true muster roll errors excepted. Sam^ Barnard, Capt. In Council, Mar. 27, 1776. read and allowed and ordered that a warrant be drawn on the treasury for i\\£ 13s. 5^d. in full of roll. Perez Morton, Clerk. 8o WaierioTvn's Military History. Middlesex ss. Watertown, Mar. 22, 1776. Capt Sam' Bar- nard made solemn oath that the above pay roll by him subscribed is true and just in all its parts. Before me Abr*^ Watson, Jus. peace Examined and compared with the original E. Starkweather Com. The company traveled 20 miles for which an allowance of id. per mile was made. Capt. Barnard for his six days' service received i£ 7s. 4^d. The period of duty for most of the others varied from four to six days. The Lieut was paid 2.^ shillings per day. Sergts. and corps, less and privates is. 5d. per day. The com- pany had 12 officers and 122 privates; total, 134. BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL. Following the raid upon military stores and attack upon the colonists, at Lexington and Concord, came a lull which preceded the still more serious encounter between the British troops and the Massachusetts militia. The Committee of Safety by majority vote decided that the fortifying of Charlestown heights was necessary for the public welfare, although in this matter Gen. Warren did not agree with his associates as has been stated. This movement led to the Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. In that battle. Col. Thomas Gardner's Regiment participated. Col. Gardner was mortally wounded in the assault made by the British. He was succeeded in command by Col. William Bond of Watertown. In the regiment was a Watertown company im- der the command of Capt. Abner Craft. The roll of this company, as taken from the State archives, is given as follows : Return of Capt. Abner Craft's company in the 37"^ Regt. of Foot in the Continental Army, commanded by Lieu' Col. W™. Bond. Name. Capt. Abner Craft Lieut. Christopher Grant Ensign John Child Sergt. Tho^ Hunt " Elijah Tolman - " Sam^ Wales " Sam' Benjamin - Corp. W" Park - " Richard Leathe " John Moreland " Jonas Learned Sam' Mirick Edward Harrington Tho® Sanger Phinehas Child Oliver Learned John Stratton Cornelius Park Sam' Dalle - - - Sam' Ward - - - Sam' White - Jonathan Benjamin John Cashwell John Mcintosh Town. Watertown u Roxbury Watertown u Boston Watertown Cambridge Watertown Newton Watertown Needham Watertown It Boston 82 Waterioivn^s Military History. Cambridge Watertown Cambridge Watertown Name. Town. W" White - - - - - - Watertown John Whitney _ - - - - " Sam' Hinds ------ " Charles Harrington _ _ - - " Nath' Harris " Henry Jipson - _ - - Joseph Palmer - - - - Moses Soutlier _ - - - . Alexander Nelson _ . - . Ebenezer Fesandon . . - , John Crane ------ James Coollidge . - - - . Thaddeus Ward - - - - . Benjamin Learned - _ _ . Joshua Stratton - - - - . John Leathe ------ W'" Jinnerson - _ - - John Willington - - - - William Watson - - - - . Stephen Frost - _ - . . David Sanger . _ - - . Spencer Coding ----- Leonard Bond - _ - - - Jolm Palmer - _ _ - . William Cliinrey - - - - . Ezekel Whitney " Zille Meade Sam' W^arren, jun'' . - - - " Return dated Cambridge Oct. 7, 1775. The names are given, in most instances, as spelled in the return. As a matter of interest, the list of battles of the Revolution is now presented, beginning with the Lexington Fight of Apr. 19, 1775, and concluding with the surrender of Cornwallis, at York- town, Oct. 19, 1781. The contest was continued for six years and six months, but after Mar. 17, 1776, when Boston was evacuated by the British, there was no more fighting on the soil of Massa- chusetts. New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania and Virginia received the brunt of subsequent attacks, and, assist- ed by their sister colonies, they made a gallant, although not al- ways successful defence. Cambridge Watertown Cambridge Watertown BATTLES OF THE REVOLUTION AND LEADING EVENTS. Apr. 19 May 10 June 17 Nov. Dec. 13 Dec. Marcl- 117 April H Aug. 22 (( 27 n 30 Sept. 15 (( 16 Oct. 28 Nov. 16 1775- The Lexington Fight. Ticonderoga Captured. Battle of Bunker Hill. Arnold at Qiiebec. Congress orders 13 ships of war. Alarm at Rhode Island. 1776. Boston Evacuated. Washington arrives in New^ York. British land on Long Island. Battle of Long Island. Washington's 15,000 army evacuated Long Island. British enter New York. Battle of Harlem Heights. Battle of White Plains. Fort Washington captured. 28 Washington retreats to Penn. side of Dela- ware river. Dec, 26 Battle of Trenton. 1777. Battle near Princeton. " " Danbury. " of the Brandywine. Philadelphia captured. Battle of Germantown. " " Bennington. " " Stillwater. Surrender of Gen. Burgoyne. 1778. Winter at Valley Forge. Treaty with France. Philadelphia evacuated by the British. Battle of Monmouth Court House. " " Rhode Island. Retreat from " Savannah taken. Massacre at Wyoming. Jan. 3 Apr. 26 Sept. II (( 27 Oct. 4 Aug. 16 Sept. 19 Oct. 17- Feb. 6. June 18. June 28. Aug. 29. (( 30- Dec. 29. 84 Watertown^s Military History. 1779. July 15- Stony Point captured. Sept. 23. Paul Jones' victory. July 19- Massacre at Minisink, N. Y. 1780. Sept. 21. Andr^ captured — Executed Oct. 2. Constitution of Massachusetts adopted. 1781. Jan. 17. Battle of Cowpens. Mar. 15. " " Guilford. Sept. 8. " " Eutaw. '^ 6. Attack on New London & Groton, Ct., by Arnold. Oct. 19. Surrender of Cornwallis. WASHINGTON AT DORCHESTER HEIGHTS. When Gen. Washington took command, July 3, i775i in the shade of the famous elm tree, still standing, at Cambridge, the Colonial army contained 17,000 men, including the sick. It was lacking in arms, ammunition and accoutrements. The course of the Provincial Congress in making appointments had occasioned discontent among the officers. Washington reorganized the army, held the British within the limits of Boston during the year, and, on Mar. 4, 1776, took possession of Dorchester heights, which he fortified. On Mar. 17, 1776, the British sailed from Boston, and later captured Long Island and New York city. Watertown sol- diers had a part in the victorious movement near Boston, as appears by the following record taken from the Massachusetts archives: Vol. 23-30. Pay Roll of a company of the Militia that marched from Watertown, by order of Gen. Washington, to Reinforce the Army in taking Pofsefsion of Dorchester Heights, March, i77^' The company was in service five days, and received the regular pay therefor. Phineas Stearns, Capt. Edw'^ Harrington, Lieut. Josiah Capen, jun, Sergt. Stephen Whitney, " Mofes Stone, jun'. Corporal Nathi Bright " Nat^ Coolidge, Clerk Eben' Stutson Jed"^ Leathe John Tainter Simion Hastings Eben Baxter Newton Baxter W^ Baxter Daniel Whitney Nat^ Whitney Benj" Andrews William Leath Tho^ Sanger Step" Harris Chas. Harrington Phin^ Jennison Dan^ Parker Roger Pierce Tho' Hichborn Cha" Willis Henry Sanderson Tho^ Harrington John Ridgeway Ep"^ Wheeler Sam^ White Jonas White Joel White John Bright Jon^ Farnum Oliver Munroe Joseph Field John Draper John Savage Nat^ Stratton Eph"^ Whitney Pease Tho^ Patten Ed'" Fowle Elisha Brewer Eph-" Jones Dan^ Bullard John Cook 86 Wat er town'' s Military History. George Lush Jonas Hastings Tho^ Learnard Sam^ Learnard Willi™ Learnard Cyrus Tainter Ab"" Whitney W" Watson Henry Jepson Cha* Coffin, jun"" Daniel Cook John Bod man John Bontang Dav*^ Sanger Ersk« Whitney Con^ Stone Abijah Stone Dan* Sawin James Austin Dav'' Townsend Dan' Cornwall Tho^ Thatcher Benj. Capen Henry Bradfhaw Nath' Ingraham Oliver Learned Phin^ Harrington Sam' Bond Step" Cook Moies Coolidge Robert Hawes Benj*^ Edes, jun"^ William vStone The* Coolidge Dan' Mason Jacob Sanderson Dan' Coolidge Eben"^ Wailes Henry Sanderson Jonas Goodding Eben"^ Everett Rich'' Everett Josiah Biscoe John Smith Joseph Gardner Cliris'' Grant Josiah Capon Moses Stone Eben*" Eustis W" Manning W" Hunt Jonas Stimpson Jacob Dow^ning David Smith SOLDIERS OF LATER BATTLES. The progress of the Revolutionary war called out from time to time additional forces to recruit the Continental Army. From the town records of Watertown, as hereinbefore given, it appears that the frequent town meetings were busy with military affairs. There was a constant cry for money and men. The currency of the time became so sadly depreciated that its value stood at the ratio of i to 75 as compared with hard money. The rich metallic ring of the good old English sovereign was a music to which the ears of Colonists became unaccustomed. War, b}' long continu- ance, had caused the usual difficulty in finding men who were able or willing to sunder family ties for the stern duties and hazard to life on the battlefield. It is a wonder that the Colonists did so well, with all the depressing influences which they were forced to withstand. Yet the records contain no word of murmur or com- plaint. New committees were continually being appointed to fill the town's quotas, and the needed money for this purpose was free- ly appropriated. Counterfeit monej' also, was made good by the town to the soldiers and citizens by whom it had been taken, as wit- ness the following: May 28, 1778? ^ committee reported that counterfeit money had been received as follows : Hampshire bills, Samuel Barnard - Jonathan Brown - John Draper David Sanger 30. 6. o The following alphabetical list of soldiers was taken from the Massachusetts Archives. The names are credited to Watertown, some for service, others for residence, and a part for both. It seems hardly possible that the town could have furnished all these men for its own quotas, so it may be that some of them, belonging to other places, were simply recruited in Watertown. Such is not stated on the sheets of yellow paper on which the names are inscribed, however, and the list is therefore given as transcribed from those deaf and dumb files. A few of the names are of tiiose who took service at the time of Shay's rebellion, which succeeded the Revolutionary War. Indians' names appear, proving that the dusky denizens of the forest were flattered, or otherwise attracted, into the Colonial army. Other nationalities than English are also represented. Some have fuller records than others, either by way of terms of service, or by personal description. £10. 0. 0 7- 0. 0 I. 10. 0 5- 6. 0 6. 10. 0 88 Waterioivn^s Military History. The relative importance of the several counties of this State as recruiting fields, is shown by the following paragraph, taken from the records of the Great and General Court, while it was still holding its sessions in the Watertown meeting house : Thursday, June 20, 1776, resolved " that the five thousand men to be raised in this colony, to go to New York and Canada, be ap- portioned on the several counties as follows : Suffolk, 448 ; Essex, 457 ; Middlesex, 1070 ; Hampshire, 742 ; Plymouth, 3S0 ; Bris- tol, 362; York, 105; Worcester, 1136; Cumberland, 39; Berk- shire, 261." Allen, George. Age, 20; height, 5 ft. 6 in. ; complexion, light; enlisted July 4, 1780, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780; discharged Dec. 24, 1780; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; length of service 5 mos. 22 ds. ; name on re- turn of Brig. Gen. Paterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service ; also, name on Major Jo- seph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve, passed June 5, 1780. AspiNWALL, Caleb. Enlisted July 5, 1780; discharged Dec. 6, 1780; length of service, 5 mos. 13 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Watertown selectmen's re- turn ; also name on return of Brig. Gen. Pateison, Camp Toto- way, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service; age, 18 ; height, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, dark ; enlisted for 6 mos. in Fourth Division, Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780; name also on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per resolve of General Court, passed June 5, 1780. Badger, Timothy. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; resi- dence and credited to Watertown ; served in 9th Mass. Regt. for 3 yrs. ; private, Capt. Amos Cogswell's (2d) co., Col. James Wes- son's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. 12, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779; also, Capt. Childs's co.. Col. Wes- son's regt. : list of men dated Boston, Mar. 30, 1777, returned by Nathaniel Barber, muster master ; also Capt. Cogswell's co., Col. Wesson's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. I, 1780, to Jan. 12, 1780. Barnard, Samuel. Watertown ; Captain of a company in Col. Thomas Gardner's regt., which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775; service 6 days; also ist Major, Col. Samuel Thatcher's (ist Middlesex Co.) regt.; list of officers of Mass. militia; also pay roll for service from Mar. 4 to Mar. 9, 1776, 5 ds. at Roxbury, at taking of Dorchester Heights; also, list of offi- cers dated Watertown, April 26, 1776. Barrett, Roger. Receipt for bounty, £60, paid him by Da- vid Bemis, dated Springfield, May 26, 1782, from the town of Watertown, to serve in the Continental army for 3 years ; also, Soldiers in Later Battles. 89 order for 8 mos. pay as Private, given in a memorandum of orders accepted on account of wages, dated Jan. 23, 1784. Baxter, Newton, Sergt. Enlisted May 9, 1781, in Capt. Stephen Dana's co., Col. Josiah Whitney's regt. of militia, for ser- vice in Rhode Island ; traveled 45 miles ; length of service 2 mos. 7 ds. ; also, Capt. Benjamin Edgell's co.,Col. John Jacobs' regt. ; enlisted July i, 1778; service 6 mos. 3 ds. ; also muster roll for Jan. -Oct., 1778, dated Freetown; enlistment to expire Jan. i, 1779; also Lieut., Capt. Stephen Frost's co.. Col. Cyprian How's regt.; enlisted June 29, 1780; discharged Nov. i, 17S0; service 4 mos. 7 ds. at Rhode Island ; enlistment, 3 mos. ; also receipt for bounty paid him by Jonathan Brown, town treas. of Watertown, dated July 17, 1776. Benjamin, John. Name in index of Continental Army books ; enlisted for 3 yrs. ; served in Crane's Artillery 3 yrs. under Com- mander Wells ; also name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1775 '• residence and credited to Watertown ; also, return of men enlisted from Col. William Mcintosh's (ist Suffolk Co.) regt. dated Needham, Feb. 21, 177^ ' lesidence Needham, enlisted for town of Needham. Benjamin, Jon-^. Name in index of Continental Army books; enlisted for 3 yrs. ; served in 13th Regt. 3(5 mos. 16 ds. under Col. Calvin Smith; also, name on list of 3 yrs. men, i777' residence and credited to Watertown ; also vSergt. Capt. Ebenezer Smith's CO., Col. Calvin Smith's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. 15, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779; also Capt. Na- thaniel Alexander's co., Col. Edward Wigglesworth's regt. ; re- turn of men in service on or before Aug. 15, 1777 ; also, muster roll for May, 177S, dated Camp Valley Forge; also, muster roll for June, 1778, dated Camp near White Plains ; also, pay abstract for Oct., 1778; also Maj. John Foster's co. (late) Col. Wiggles- worth's regt., under command of Maj. Porter; muster roll for Mar. and Apr. 1779; reported transferred to Light Infantry co. ; also Capt. Daniel Pillsbury's co. Light Infantry, (late) Col. Wig- glesworth's regt.; muster roll for Mar. and Apr.^1779; enlisted Feb. I, 1777. Benjamin, William. Born in Watertown, June 16, 1737. Private, Capt. Deliverance Davis' co., Col. Asa Whitcomb's regt., which marched April 23, 1775, in response to the Lexington alarm of April 19, from Ashburnham, to which town he had removed in 1760. His son, William, enlisted Apr. 29, 17S1, for 3 yrs. as Private in Capt. Adams Bailey's co. of Col. John Bailey's regt. ; muster roll dated Jan. i, 17S2. The first-named William was great-grandfather of Capt. William H. Benjamin, who is now a resident of Watertown and Past Commander of Post 81, G. A. R. Blaver, William. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list ; enlisted Mar. 31, 1781, for 3 yrs. ; age, 35 ; height, 5 ft. i in. ; complex- ion, light; hair, liyht ; eyes, dark ; blacksmith; discharged Apr. 19, 1782. 9° Watertowft's Military History. Bliss, John. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list; enlisted Dec. 19, 17S0, tor 3 yrs. ; age, 20 ; height, 5 ft. 5 in. ; complexion, dark ; hair, black ; eyes, blue ; farmer ; discliarged Apr. 19, 17S2 ; served in Capt. Banister's co. ; arrived at Springfield Dec. iS, 17S1. Bond, Amos. Second Lieutenant, Capt. Stearns' (Watertovvn) CO., Col. Samuel Thatcher's (Middlesex Co.) regt. ; request for commission dated Cambridge. Sept. 10, 1777; reported elected June 3, 1777; commissioned Sept. 24, 1777; also Capt. John Walton's CO., Col. Eleazer Brooks' regt. ; engaged Jan. ir, 1778; roll made up to Tan. 22, 177S; service guarding troops of conven- tion ; roll dated Cambridge ; also, muster roll for Feb. and March, 177s ; service guarding troops of convention. Bond, Amos, Captain; certificate dated Watertovvn, Mar. 29, 1787. signed by said Bond, certifying that Jacob Watson served in his CO. Bond. Jonas. Name on abstract of First co. Artillery, Capt. Philip Marett, in Col. Tliomas Craft's Regt., pay rolls for service from Dec. r, 1776, to May 8, 1777, 5 mos. 7 ds. ; also, pay abstract, dated Boston, July 9, 1777; reported enlisted Nov. 25, 1776. Bond, Leonard, Watertovvn. Private, Capt. Samuel Bar- nard's CO., Col. Thomas G;irdner's regt., which marched on the alarm of Aoril 19, 1775; service 3 ds. ; also Capt. Abner Craft's CO., Lieut. Col. William Bond's (late Gardner's) 37th re^rt. ; com- pany return dated Cambridge, Oct. 7, 1775; also, orders for bounty coat or its equivalent in monev, dated Cambridge, Jan. 16, 177^ ; ^Iso Capt. Abijah Child's co. ; pay abstract for mileage, etc., from Ticonderoga home in 1776. Bond, William. Lieut. Col. in Col. Thomas Gardner's regt. ; pay abstract of field and staff officers who marched on the alarm of Apr. 19, 1775, dated Prospect Hill; also. Colonel ; lists ofoffi- cers of main and picket guard. May 19 and 20, 1775. dated at Cambridge; also, Lieut. Col. ; list of officers of main and picket guard May 28, 1775, dated Cambridge ; also list of officers in Col. Thomas Gardner's (Middlesex Co.) regt. ; commissioned June 2, 1775 ' ^'so list of officers of main and picket guard June 3, 1775, dated Cambridge; also lists of officers of main and picket guard June 3 and June 10, 1775 ; also, order for equipments, dated Cam- bridge, June 30, 1775 ; also Colonel ; list of officers of main and picket guard June 3, 1775; also, list of men who delivered fire- locks Jan. 26 and Feb. 9, 1776. Boyonton, Jacob. Age, 16; height, 5 ft. 3 in. ; complexion, light; enlisted for 9 mos., as per resolve of June 9, 1779, by Gen- eral Assembly; served in Capt. Stearns' co., Col. Stearns' regt. ; also name in index Continental Army rolls as enlisting for 3 yrs. ; served in loth Mass. Regt., Capt. Taylor, for 14 mos. 11 ds. ; also name on Continental town and county rolls for 1779, as serving under Capt. James Cooper; also enlisted by Capt. Smith, Sept. i5» 1779- Soldiers i?i Later Battles. 91 Bright, Josiah. Age, i7; height, 5 ft. S in.; enlisted June 21, 1778, in Capt. Stearns' CO., Col. Thatcher's regt. ; name on list of men to fill and complete the fifteen battalions Mass. troops, to serve 9 mos. from time of arrival at Fish-Kill ; received of Jon- athan Warren, commissioner, July 20, 177^* Brown, Solomon. Name in index of Continental Army books; enlisted for 3 yrs. ; served in Col. John Crane's Artillery, under Capt. Benjamin Eustis ; list of men mustered in Suftblk co. by Nathaniel Barber, muster master, dated Boston, Sept. 28, i777 ' Continental pay accounts for service from Apr. i, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779 ; residence, Watertown ; credited to the town of Lexing- ton ; also, muster rolls for Aug. -Dec, 1777; reported sick at Boston; also, Capt. Vose's co., Col. Crane's regt.; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. i, 17S0, to Apr. i, 1780; also, descriptive list of enlisted men, dated Jan. 10, 17S1 ; Capt. Thomas Vose's co., 3d Artillery regt. ; age, 22 yrs. ; stature, 5 ft. 10 in. ; complexion, light; residence, Lexington; enlisted Apr. I, 1777, by Capt. Lieut. Brown ; reported discharged Apr. i, 1780, by Gen. Knox. BuLLMAN, John. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; residence and credited to Watertown ; list of men mustered in Suftblk Co., by Nathaniel Barber, muster master, dated Boston, Apr. 27, 1777 ; Capt. Child's CO., Col. Greaton's regt. ; also. Private, Capt. Abi- jah Child's co., Col. John Greaton's (2d) regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Apr. i, 1777, to June 20, 1779 ; re- ported deserted. Capen, Josiah, Lieut. Name on return of Capt. Edward Ful- ler's CO., Col. Eleazer Brooks' regt. ; wounded ; list of officers be- longing to a regiment drafted from Middlesex Co. militia and or- dered to march to Horse Neck by Brig. Oliver Prescott, Sept, 26, 1776; also, same co. and regt.; engaged Sept. 29, 177^! <^'^" charged Nov. 16, 1776 ; service, 60 ds., travel included ; roll dated North Castle; also, Capt. Fuller's co., Col. William Mcintosh's regt.; entered camp Mar. 19, 1778; discharged Apr. 5, 177^ » service 18 ds. ; stationed at Roxbury ; roll dated Newton. Caswell, John. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; residence and credited to Watertown ; served 3 yrs. in 3d Regt., under Capt. Watson ; list of men mustered in Suffolk Co. by Nathaniel Bar- ber, muster master, dated Boston, Mar. 16, 1777; served in Col. John Greaton's regt. ; enlisted Jan. 24, 1777 ; discharged Jan. 24, 1780. Cato, Negro. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; residence and credited to Watertown. Chardol, Peter. Age, 17; height, 5 ft. i in. ; Frenchman; enlisted for 9 mos. as per resolve of Apr. 20, i77^' ^Y General As- sembly ; served in Capt. Stearns' co.. Col. Thatcher's regt. Child, Amos. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list; enlisted Mar. 24, 1781, for 3 yrs. ; age, 17 ; height, 5 ft. 5 in. ; complexion, light; hair, light; eyes, blue ; laborer; discharged Apr. 19, 1782. 92 Watertown's Military History. Childs, Piiinehas. Age, 22 ; height, 5 ft. 8 in. ; complexion, light; enlisted July 4, 1780, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division, Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780 ; discharged Dec. 6. 1780; service 5 mos. 13 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Faterson, Camp Totovvay, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service ; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve, passed June 5, 1780. Cook, Daniel. Name on return of Capt. Fuller's co.. Col. Brooks' regt. Cooke, Stephen, Sergt. Name on return of Capt. Joel Fletch- er's CO., Col. Ephraim Doolittle's regt., camp Winter Hill, Oct. 6, 1775- Coolidge, Joseph. Age, 18 ; height, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, light; enlisted July 4, 1780, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780; discharged Dec. 6, 1780; length of service, 5 mos. 13 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discliarge to home; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Faterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service ; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per resolve of General Court, passed June 5, 1780. Cornwall, Daniel. Name on return of Capt. Fuller's co., Col. Brooks' regt.; company return endorsed Oct., 1776; also certificate dated Watertown, Feb. 10, 1778, signed by Alexander Shepard, stating that said Cornwall and others had enlisted to serve as guards to the Powder House in Watertown for a term of 6 mos., agreeable to a resolve of Oct. 13, 1777, and had received provi- sions for only a portion of the time. Craft, Abner. Watertown ; Captain, Col. Thomas Gardner's regt. ; list of officers recommended for commissions by the Com- mittee of Safety; ordered in Provincial Congress, June 2, 1775, that commissions be delivered ; also, Capt. in Lieut. Col. Bond's (late Gardner's) regt. ; company return dated Cambridge, Oct. 7, 1775- Cunningham, Robert. Enlisted July 27, 1781, in Capt. Asa Drury'sco., Col. Turner's regt., for service in Rhode Island ; length of service 3 mos. 4 ds. Cutler. Josiah. Name on abstract of mileage money to and from camp, at one penny a day, due Capt. Caleb Brooks' co.. Col. Nicholas Dike's regt. ; service 3 mos. to Dec. i, 1776, at Dorches- ter Heights; dated Nov. 27, 1776; pay abstract dated Boston, Nov. 27, 1776. Dike, Nicholas. Name on abstract of mileage money to and from camp, at one penny per mile, due Capt. Caleb Brooks' co.. Col. Nicholas Dike's regt. ; service 3 mos. to Dec. i, 1776, at Dorchester Heights; dated Boston, Nov. 27, 1776. Soldiers in Later Battles. g^ Dodge, Antipas. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, I'J'JJ ', resi- dence and credited to Watertown ; also name in index of Conti- nental Army books; served 3 yrs. in 12th Regt. in Major's co. ; deserted Feb. 8, 17S0. Downing, James. Receipt for bounty, £75, from the town of Watertown, to serve in the Continental Army 3 yrs, ; receipt for bounty dated Boston, Apr. 10, 1782, paid said Downing by Moses Stone, chairman of class 2, Watertown. Edwards, Benjamin. Name on list 3 yrs. men, 1777; resi- dence and credited to Watertown. Fairservice, Ceaser. Age, 19 ; height, 5 ft. 5^ in. ; negro ; hair, black; eyes, black ; laborer; enlisted Jan. 34, 1781, for 3 yrs. ; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list ; discharged Apr. 19, 1782 ; also. Private, Capt. Jeremiah Miller's co.. Col. Joseph Vose's regt. ; muster rolls for June and July, 17S1, dated Phillips- burg ; reported on command at West Point ; also, muster rolls for Sept. -Nov., 1781 ; also, muster rolls for Jan. and Feb., 1782, dated York Hutts. FowLE, Jeremiah. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; I'^si- dence and credited to Watertown; list of men mustered by Na- thaniel Barber, muster master for Suffolk Co., dated Boston, Feb. 2,1777; Capt. Willington's co., Col. Edward Wigglesworth's regt.; also. Private, Capt. E. Smith's co.. Col. Smith's regt.; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Feb. i, i777' ^^ Aug. 25, 1778; reported exchanged Aug. 25, I'J^S; also reported discharged; also, same co. and regt. ; muster roll for June, 1778, dated Camp Greenwich ; also, Private, Capt. Nathaniel Heath's CO.; enlisted Feb. 8, 1779; discharged May 7i i779) service 3 mos. with guard under Maj. Gen. Gates of Boston. Fowler, Nathaniel. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; resi- dence and credited to Watertown. FuLFORD, John. Name on list of men to fill the 15 Mass. battalions, to serve 9 mos. from time of arrival at Fish Kill; re- ceived of Jonathan Warren, Commissioner, July 20, i77^ '■> enlisted June 21, 1778? foi' 9 nios. in Capt. Stearns' co., Col. Thatcher's Regt. Fuller, Nath'. Name in index of Continental army books; List of men mustered by Nathaniel Barber, muster master for Suffolk Co., dated Boston, Apr. 13, 1777; Col. Crane's regt.; also. Gunner, Capt. Winthrop Sargent's co.. Col. John Crane's (3'^'' Artillery) regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Mar. 28, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779; credited to Watertown; also, same co. and regt.; muster rolls for Oct. and Nov. i7775 reported on command at the Park ; also, same co. and regt. ; mus- ter roll for Dec, 1777; also. Sergeant same co. and regt.; Con- tinental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. i, 1780, to Dec. 31, 1780; reported as serving 5 mos. as Gunner and 7 mos. as Sergeant; also descriptive list returned by Gen. Heath; age, 20; 94 Watertowfi^s Military History. stature, 5 ft. 9 in.; complexion, liglit; enlisted May 29, i777' ^X Lieut. Hiwell, and promoted to Sergeant May 5, 17S0. Gains, James. Name in index of Continental Army books; list of men mustered by Nathaniel Barber, muster master for Suf- folk Co., dated Boston, Feb. 16, 1777; Capt. Brewer's co., Col. Brewer's regt. ; also, Private, Major's co., Cal. Ebenezer Sprout's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. i, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779; residence VVatertown ; also, Capt. Brewer's CO., Col. Brewer's regt. ; return dated camp, Valley Forge, Jan. 23, 1778; also, descriptive list dated West Point, Feb. 4, 1781; age 38; stature, 5 ft. 7 in- j complexion, light; hair, brown; occu- pation, tailor; served at West Point garrison, Phillipsburg, etc. Gale, Samuel. Name on return of Capt. Edward Fuller's CO., Col. Brooks' regt.; company return endorsed Oct., i77^- Gandal, John. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; residence and credited to Watertown. Gardiner, Thomas. Age, iS; height, 5 ft. 7^ in. ; complex- ion, light; enlisted for 9 mos., as per resolve of June 9, i779' ^Y General Assembly; served in Capt. Stearns' co.. Col. Stearns' regt.; also, name on Continental town and couiity roll, i779' ^^ serving under Capt. James Cooper; enlisted Oct. 23, i779' ^^^ 3 yrs., or during the war, by Capt. Parks, under whom he served 14 mos., 8 ds. in 10"^ Mass. Regt. ; also name in index of Conti- nental Army books; received $200 bounty. Gill, John. Name on return of Capt. Edward Fuller's co., Col. Brooks' regt.; co. return endorsed Oct., i77^* Gooding, Spencer. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, i777' I'^si- dence and credited to Watertown; Private, Capt. Abijah Childs' CO., Col. John Greaton's regt. (2d); Continental Army pay ac- counts Feb. I, 1777, 10 Dec. 31, 1779; reported mustered by muster master Barber; also, Capt. Williams' (Light Infantry) co., Col. Greaton's (3d) regt.; enlisted Feb. i, i777' Gray, Richard. Name in index of Continental Army books; name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; birtiiplace, West Indies; resi- dence and credited to Watertown; also, Capt. Thomas Willing- ton's CO., Col. Edward Wigglesworth's regt. ; also. Sergeant, same CO. and regt. ; also, Capt. Ebenezer Smith's co.. Col. Wiggles- worth's regt. ; enlisted Apr. i, 1777, during war; also, descrip- tive list for deserters from Lieut. Col. Calvin Smith's (13th) regt. ; endorsed July 13, 1780; rank, Sergeant; age, 26 yrs.; stature, 5 ft. 10 in.; complexion, light; hair, brown ; occupation, seaman ; deserted May, i779- Hall, Michael. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list; enlisted, Dec. 30, 1 78 1, for 3 yrs. ; age 25 ; height, 5 ft. 11 in. ; complexion, dark; hair, black; eyes, black; farmer; discharged Apr. 19, 1782; engaged for VValertown ; arrived at Springfield Jan. 4, 1782. Hammon, Jonathan. Enlisted Aug. 26, 17S1, in Capt. Asa Soldiers in Later Battles. 95 Drury's co., Col. Turner's regt. for service in Rhode Island; length of service, 3 mos. 5 ds. ; discharged Nov. 17, 1781 ; loll endorsed "five months service at Rhode Island." Harden, Thomas. Age, 19; height, 5 ft. 4 in. ; complexion, light; enlisted for 6 mos. in Fourth Division, arriving at Spring- field July 5, 17S0; served in the artillery, under Capt. Frothing- ham ; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list, as per General Court resolve of June 5, i 780. Harding, Thomas. Enlisted July 4, 17S0; discharged Dec. 18, 17S0; length of service 5 mos. 26 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home; selectmen's return; also name on return of Brig. Gen. Faterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 5, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service. Harris, Benjamin. Name in index of Continental Army books; also, name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777? residence and cred- ited to Watertown ; Private Capt. Willington's co., Col. Asa Whit- comb's regt. ; muster roll dated Camp at Ticonderoga, Nov. 27, 1776; enlisted Oct. 1,1776; also, Capt. Ebenezer Smith's co., Col. Calvin Smith's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Feb. 23, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779; also, same co.. Col. Wig- glesworth's regt; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. I, 1780, to Feb. 25, 17S0. Harris, Nathaniel. Private, Capt. Parker's co.. Col. Je- duthan Baldwin's regt.; Continental Army pay accounts for ser- vice from Mar. i, 1777, to Apr. 20, 1778; also, return dated Morristown, July 26, 17S0, made by Col. Baldwin; residence, Watertown; engaged Mar. i, 1777; term during war; said Har- ris returned among non-effectives in Capt. Phineas Parker's co. of artificers ; reported died Apr. 20, 1778- Harris, Stephen. Age, 17; height, 5 ft. 7 In ; complexion, light; enlisted for 9 mos., as per resolve of June 9, T7791 by Gene- ral Assembly; served in Capt. Stearns' co., Col. Stearns' regt.; also enlisted Oct. 26, 1779, for 3 yrs. or during the war, by Capt. Parks, under whom he served in the loth Mass. Regt. 14 mos. 5 ds. ; also name on Continental town and county rolls, as serving under Capt. James Cooper. Haskel, John. Name on abstract of mileage money to and from camp at one penny per mile, due Capt. Caleb Brooks' co., Col. Nicholas Dike's regt.; service 3 mos. to Dec. i, i77^' ^^ Dorchester Heights; dated Nov. 27, 1776' Hastings, James. Name on return of Capt. Fuller's co., Col. Brooks' regt. ; wounded. Hastings, Samuel, Jr. Certified by Capt. Amos Bond to be a soldier in his co., Mar. 29, 17S7; Shay's rebellion. Holland, James. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, i777' ''^s'" dence, Newfoundland; credited to Watertown; list of men mus- tered by Nathaniel Barber, dated Boston, Mar. 30, i777; Capt. Willington's co., Col. Wigglesworth's regt.; also Fife Major, 96 Waiertoxun's Military History. Capt. Noah Allen's co., Col. Smith's legt. ; Continental pay ac- counts for service from Feb. 6, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779, and from Jan. I, 1780, to Feb. 6, 17S0. Jenison, Samuel, Corp. Capt. Stephen Dana's co,, Col. Josiah Whitney's regt. of militia, for service in Rhode Island; traveled 45 miles; length of service 2 mos. 2 ds. ; arrived at des- tination May 14, 1777*' Pi'ivate, Capt. Joseph Fuller's co., Col. Samuel Bullard's regt. ; enlisted Aug. 20, 1777; discharged Nov. 29, 1777"' service 3 mos., 22 ds., at Stillwater, travel (12 ds.) in- cluded; Roll sworn to in Middlesex Co.; order on Henry Gard- ner, Treasurer, dated Watertown, July 13, 1781, signed by said Jenison and others, for wages for service as guards under Sergt. Richards; receipt dated Watertown, July 17, 1776, for bounties paid said Jenison and others by Jonathan Brown, Town Treasurer, for enlisting "as Soldiers in defence of this Country." Jones, Samuel, Corp. Enlisted Sept. 3, 17S1, in Capt. Asa Drury's co.. Col. Turner's regt., for service in Rhode Island; length of service 2 mos. 28 ds. ; discharged Nov. 27, 1781 ; Roll endorsed "five Months service at Rhode Island." Jones, Sam^ Paine, Sergt. Enlisted July 4, 1780; discharged Dec. 10, 1780; length of service 5 mos. 18 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Watertown selectmen's return ; also name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve of June 5, 17S0; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Paterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service; served in Fifth Division Mass. 6 mos. men who marched from Springfield under Lieut. Taylor, 2d Regt. July 6, 17S0; re-enlisted Mar. 24, 17S1, for 3 yrs. ; age, 22; height, 5 ft. 10 in. ; complexion, light ; hair, brown; eyes, dark; cordwainer; discharged, Apr. 19, 1782. Keith, Timothy. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; resi- dence and credited to Watertown; also name in index of Conti- nental Army books; also, Capt. Child's co., 25'^'^ fegt. ; company receipt, given to Capt. Child for wages for July, 1776, dated Mt. Independence; also, enlistment agreement, dated Nov. 16, i77^» for 3 yrs. service ; also, list of men mustered by Nathaniel Barber, dated Boston, Apr. 13, 1777; Capt. Child's co., Col. Greaton's regt.; also. Private, Capt. Joseph Williams' co.. Col. John Greaton's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for sei'vice from Jan. I, 1780, to Apr. i, 1780; residence, Watertown. Lane, John. Age, 22; height, 5 ft. 3 in.; enlisted June 21, 17785 foi' 9 rnos., in Capt. Stearns' co., Col. Thatcher's regt. Larabee, John. Enlisted July 10, 1779, in Capt. Thomas Hovey's CO., Col. Nathan Tyler's regt. for Rhode Island service; discharged Dec. 25, 1779; service, 5 mos. 29 ds. ; also, same co. and regt., payroll for Dec. 1779, allowed i mo. 4 ds. for service at Rhode Island; traveled 74 miles. Larrabee, Jon^. Name in index of Continental Army books ; served 4 yrs. in ist Regt., Commander Ashley ; received $200 Soldiers in Later Battles. 97 bounty; also, name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; residence and credited to Watertown. Learned, Benj'^. Name in index of Continental Army books; served in Col. Crane's Artillery, Commander Eiistis; also, list of men mustered by Nathaniel Barber, dated Boston, June 8, i777' also, Matross, Capt. Benjamin Eustis' co.. Col. John Crane's regt. ; Continental pay accounts for service from April i, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779! credited to Watertown; also, Capt. Vose's co., Col. Crane's (3'^'^ Artillery) regt.; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. i, 1780, to Dec. 31, 17S0. Learned, Jedidiah. Name on return of Capt. Edw^ard Ful- ler's CO., Col. Brooks' regt.; company return endorsed "Oct., 1776"; said Learned reported as having lost articles in battle. Learned, Oliver. Age, 35 ; height, 5 ft. 6i in, ; complexion, sandy; enlisted for 9 mos., as per resolve of June 9, 1779, by General Assembly; served in Capt. Stearns' co.. Col. Stearns* regt.; also, name on Continental town and county rolls, 1779, as serving under Capt. James Cooper; also, name as Sergt. enlisted Aug. 26, 1 78 1, in Capt. Asa Drury's co.. Col. Turner's regt., for Rhode Island service ; served 3 mos., 6 ds. ; also, name on return of Capt. Fuller's co.. Col, Brooks' regt. Learned, Oliver. Age, 38; height, 5 ft. 8 in. ; complexion, red; enlisted July 4, 17S0, for6 mos, in Fourth Division Mass, Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 17S0 ; discharged Dec. 14, 1780; length of service, 5 mos. 26 ds. ; trav- eled 215 miles from place of discharge to home; name on Water- town selectmen's return; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Pat- erson, Camp Totoway, Oct, 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos, service; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos, men, as per General Court resolve of June 5, 1780, Leathe, John. Name on list of men to fill the 15 Mass, battalions, to serve 9 mos. from time of arrival at Fish-Kill ; re- ceived of Jonathan Warren, commissioner, July 20, 1778; age 22; height, 5 ft. 3 in. ; enlisted for 9 mos., as per resolve of Apr, 20, 17785 served in Capt. Stearns' co.. Col. Thatcher's regt. ; also Private, Capt. Joseph Fuller's co., Col. Samuel Bullard's regt. ; enlisted Aug. 20, 1777; discharged Nov. 29, 1777; service 3 mos. 22 ds., at Stillwater, including 12 ds. (240 miles) travel home; also, Matross, Capt. Lieut. James Furnivall's detachment, drafted from Gen, Warner's brigade ; engaged Sept. 10,1777; discharged Nov. 29, 17775 service 2 mos., 20 ds., at the Northward; resi- dence and credited to Watertown; also, Private, Capt. Jacob Wales' CO., Col. Thomas Marshall's regt, ; enlisted June 21, 177S; discharged Mar. 21, 1779; reported sick at Bedford in Jan. 1779. Lenard, Benj'*. Enlisted Apr. i, 1777, for 3 yrs. or during the war, by Capt. Brown ; served in 3d Regt. Artillery under Capt. Thomas Vose ; also, name on list of 3 yrs. men, i777' residence and credited to Watertown ; rank, Matross ; age, 39 yrs. ; stature, 5 ft. 7^ in.; complexion, dark. 98 Watertotvn^s Military History. Lennen, John. Certified by Capt. Amos Bond to be a soldier in his CO., Mar. 29, 17S7) Shay's rebellion. Letherbee, Jonathan. Name on return of Capt. W™ Rogers' CO. of Col. Loammi Baldwin's re<2;t. 38^^ foot, Continental Army; also, name on return of Capt. Fuller's co.. Col. Brooks' regt. Lewes, James. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list; enlisted Feb. 13, 17S1, for 3 yrs. ; age, 46; height, 5 teet, 5 in.; complexion, light; hair, light; eyes, blue; cordvvainer; discharged Apr. 19, 17S2; credited to Watertown. Lewis, James. A Watertown resident who served the town of Needham, under Capt. Wallcutt, Col. Marshall; enlisted Feb. 21, 177S, !or 3 VIS. Lines. Francis, Corp. Name in index of Continental Army books; Capt. Ebenezer Cleavland's co.. Col. Michael Jackson's regt.; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Dec. 29, 177S, to Dec. 31, 1779; residence, Watertown; also, Sergt., Major's CO., Col. Jackson's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for services from Jan. 1, 17S0, to Dec. 31, 1780; also, descriptive list dated Jan. 7, 1781; Capt. Abner Wade's co.. Col. Michael Jackson's (8th) regt. ; rank, Sergt. ; age, 32 yrs. ; stature, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, light ; hair, brown; occupation, hatter ; birth- place, Kidderminster. Lisco, Peter. Age, 18; height, 5 ft. 10 in.; enlisted June 19, 1778, for 9 mos., in Capt. Stearns' co., Col. Thatcher's regt.; also, name on list of men to fill and complete the 15 Mass. bat- talions, to serve 9 mos. from time of arrival at Fish-Kill ; received of Jonathan Warren, commissioner, July 20, 1778- LissuAT, Peter. Frenchman; enlisted for 9 mos. as per re- solve of Apr. 20, 1778, by General Assembly; served in Capt. Stearns' co., Col. Thatcher's regt. ; age, 18 yrs. ; stature, 5 ft. 10 in.; engaged for Watertown. Litti.eman, Saml. Name on Joseph Hosmei-'s list; enlisted Dec. 29, 1781, for 3 yrs.; age, 28; height, 5 ft. 6 in.; Lidian; hair, black; eyes, black ; hunter; discharged Apr. 19, 1782 ; also, list of men enlisted and received at "this Post," as returned by Seth Banister, Capt. 4th Mass. regt., and Commandant at Spring- field; arrived at Springfield Jan. 4, 1782. Martindell, John. Enlisted June 30, 1779, for 3 yrs. or dur- ing the war, by Major Porter; served in 3rd Mass. Regt under Capt. Vose; Drummer, Capt. Fowle's co., Col. Smith's regt.; Continental Army pay accounts for services from Jan. i, 1780, to Dec. 31, 1780; residence, Watertown. Mason, Moses. Age, 16; height, 5 ft. 9 in.; complexion, light; enlisted July 4, 1780, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780; discharged Dec. 14, 1780; length of service, 5 mos. 32 ds ; trav- eled 215 miles from place of discharge to home; name on Water- town Selectmen's return; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Pat- Soldiers m Later Battles. 99 erson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 17S0, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve, passed July 5, 17S0. McCuRTiN, William. Name on return of Capt. Edward Ful- ler's CO., of Col. Brooks' regt. ; list of men who guarded the pow- der house at Watertown from July 28, 1776, to Aug. i, 1776, under the direction of Alexander Shepard, jr., also, Gunner, Capt. Win- throp Gray's (3rd) co., Col. Thomas Crafts' (Artillery) regt.; service from Aug. i, i777' 7^ t's. ; return of men, same co., who marclied on secret expedition to Rhode Island and were entitled to bounty, dated Boston, Jan. 8, 177^5 ^^^^ received additional bounty of £15. Mills, Ceaser. Age, 19; height, 5 ft. 6 in. ; negro; enlisted July 4, 17S0, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 17S0; discharged Dec. 31, 1780; length of service, 6 mos. 9 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Watertown Selectmen's return; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Paterson, Camp Tot- oway, Oct. 25, 17S6, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service; also name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve of June 5, 17S0. MiRiCK, Samuel. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, i777) residence and credited to Watertown ; Lieut, and Qiiartermaster, Col. Eben- ezer Sprout's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. i, 1780, to Dec. 31, 1780; reported as serving 7 mos. as Ensign ; also. Ensign, 12th Mass. Regt. ; return of officers cer- tified at Boston, July 13, 17S0, by Lieut. Asa Bullard. Murphy, James. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list ; enlisted Dec. 26, 17S0, for 3 yrs. ; age, 25 ; height, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, light; hair, light; eyes, blue; farmer; discharged Apr. 19, 17S2; also, list of men "enlisted and received at this Post," as returned by Seth Banister, Capt. 4th Mass. Regt. and Commandant at Spring- field; reported as having arrived at Springfield Jan. 4, 17S3. NoRCROSS, Joseph, Fifer. Name on muster roll of Capt. Wm. Scott's CO., 28th foot, Col. Paul Dudley Sargeant ; muster roll dated Aug. i, 1775; enlisted July 10, 1775, service, 22 ds. ; also CO. return dated Oct. 6, 1775 ; also, bounty coat or its equivalent in money ; order granted Dec. 28, 1775. NoRCROSs, Josiah. Receipt dated Watertown, July 17, 1776, for bounties paid said Norcross and others by Jonathan Brown, Town Treasurer, for enlisting '' as Soldiers in the Defence of this Country." NoTONKSiON, William. Name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list ; enlisted Dec. 29, 1780, for 3 yrs. ; age, 24 ; height, 5 ft. 11 in. ; Indian ; hair, black ; eyes, black ; hunter ; discharged Apr. 19, 1782. Nutting, Samuel. Name on return of Capt. Fuller's co. of Col. Brooks' regt. ICX) Watertowfi's Alilitary History. Parker, David. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; residence and credited to Watertown ; also, name in index of Continental Army books ; served 3 yrs. in loth Regt. ; also, same name given as a resident of Watertown who served the town of Needham, under Capt. Wallcutt, Col. Marshall, and enlisted Feb. 21, 1778, for 3 yrs. Parker, Nathaniel. Name in index of Continental Army books; served 6 mos. in 13th Regt., Capt. Woodbridge, Col. Calvin Smith ; age, 24 yrs. ; stature, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, light ; occupation, farmer ; residence, Newtown ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from July i, 1780, to Dec. 31, 1780; resi- dence, Watertown. Parkhurst, Isaac. Certified by Capt. Amos Bond to be a soldier in his co. Mar. 29, 17S7 ; Shay's rebellion. Pierce, Mathew. Enlisted for 6 mos. in Fourth Division, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780 ; age, 25 ; height, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, light ; served in the Artillery under Capt. Frothing- ham ; enlisted July 4, 1780; discharged Nov. 2, 1780; length of service, 4 mos. 9 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Watertown Selectmen's return ; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Paterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve of June 5, 17S0. Pope, John. Age, 18 ; height, 5 ft. 6 in. ; complexion, light ; enlisted July 4, 1780, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division Mass. Artil- lery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780; discharged Dec. 18, 1780; length of service, 5 mos. 26 ds. ; trav- eled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Water- town Selectmen's return ; also, name on return of Brig. Gen, Pat- erson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service ; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per resolve of General Court, June 5, 17S0. Prentice, Benj^. Name on abstract of mileage money to and from camp, at one penny a mile, due Capt. Caleb Brooks' co.. Col. Nicholas Dike's regt. ; service 3 mos., to Dec. i, 1776 ; dated Nov. 27, 1776. Prentice, Joshua. Age, 18 ; height, 5 ft. 10 in ; complexion, light; enlisted'julv 4, 1780, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division. Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780; discharged Dec. 18, 17S0; length of service, 5 mos. 26 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Watertown Selectmen's return : also name on return of Brig. Gen. Paterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service ; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve of June 5, 1780. Prentice, Samuel. Certified by Capt. Amos Bond to be a soldier in his Co. Apr. 2, 1787; Shay's rebellion. Soldiers in Later Battles. loi Prentice, Smith. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list ; enlisted Mar. 14, i78i, for 3 yrs. ; age, 30; height, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, dark; hair light; eyes, blue; potter; discharged Apr. 19, 17S2; also, name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; residence and credited to Watertown ; also, name in index of Continental Army books, as having served 3 yrs. in 13th Regt., Major's Co. Prentice, Thomas. Name on return of Capt. Enoch Ciiapin's CO., Col. Danielson's regt., Roxbury Camp, Oct. 6, i775 ! also list of men who guarded the powder house at Watertown from July 28, 1776 to Aug. I, 1776, under direction of Alexander Shepard, Jr. Price, Israel. Name on abstract of mileage money to and from camp, at one penny a mile, due Capt. Caleb Brooks' co.. Col. Nicholas Dike's regt. ; service 3 mos. to Dec. i, 177^' ^^ Dorchester Heights; dated Nov. 27, i77*^' Reinhart, Tillock. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list; enlisted Mar. 31, 1781, for 3 yrs; age, 25; height, 5 ft. 9 in. ; complexion, light; hair, light; eyes, blue; weaver; discharged Apr. 19, 1782. Richardson, Eben"". Enlisted July 4, 1780, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division, arriving at Springfield July 5, 17S0; ^ge, 20; height 5 ft. 7 in.; complexion, light; served in the artillery under Capt. Frothingham; discharged Dec. 21, 1780; length of service 5 mos. 29 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Watertown Selectmen's return : also name on return of Brig. Gen. Paterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 17S0, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per General Court resolve, passed June 5, 17S0. Rotes, Andrus. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list; enlisted Mar. 14, 1 781 for 3 yrs. ; age 23 ; height, 5 ft. 7I in. ; complexion, dark; hair, light; eyes, blue; weaver; discharged Apr. 19, 1782. Russell, Abel. Enlisted May 14, 1781, in Capt. Stephen Dana's co., Col. Josiah Whitney's regt. of militia, for service in Rhode Island; traveled 45 miles; length of service 2 mos. 2 ds., including travel (6 ds.) to camp and place of discharge home; roll dated South Kingston. Russell, William, Sergt. Name on abstract of the non-com- missioned officers and privates, 1st. co. Mass. Artillery, Capt. James Swan, Col. Thomas Crafts' Battalion ; traveled 9 miles ; also, same co. and regt.; service from Aug. i, 177^' ^^ Dec. i, 1776; also, Capt. Philip Marett's (ist.) co.. Col. Crafts' regt.; service from Dec. i, 1776, to Feb. i, 1777 ; also same regt. ; ser- vice from Feb. i, 1777, to Oct. i, 1777 ; also, same regt. ; service from Sept. 30, 1777, to Nov. i, 1777, in Rhode Island ; also, same regt. ; service from Jan. i, 177S, to Aug. i, 1778 ; also, same regt. ; service from Aug. i, 177S, to Oct. 31, 177S; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Nov. i, 1778, to Feb. 26, 1779 ; also petition dated Boston, Feb. 26, 1779, signed by said Russell, Ad- I02 Watertown^s Military History. jutant, and other officers of Col. Crafts' regt., asking that their resignations be accepted, as the Legishiture had failed to redress their grievances ; resignations accepted in Council Feb. 26, i779' Sanger, David. Name on return of Capt. Edward Fuller's CO., Col. Brooks' regt. Company returns endorsed, "Oct. 1776;" said Sanger reported as in camp fit for duty ; also reported as hav- ing lost articles in battle. Sanger, Nathaniel. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; resi- dence and credited to Watertown ; list of men mustered by Na- " thaniel Barber, dated Boston, Apr. 13, 1777; Capt. Child's co., Col. Greaton's regt. ; Continental Army pay accounts for service from Jan. i, 1780, to Apr. i, 1780; also, Private, Capt. Joseph Williams' co.. Col. John Greaton's regt. Sanger, Samuel. Age, 17; height, 5 ft. 5 in.; enlisted June 21, 1778, for 9 mos., as per resolve of Apr. 20, 177^' ^y General Assembly; served in Capt. Stearns' co.. Col. Thatcher's regt.; also, name on list of men to fill the 15 Mass. Battalions, to serve 9 mos. from time of arrival at Fish-Kill; received of Jonathan Warren, Commissioner, July 20, 1778; also same name, enlisted Oct. 21, 1779, for 3 yrs. or during the war, by Capt. Parks, and served in his co., loth Mass. Regt. ; also, name on Continental town and county rolls for 1779, as having served under Capt. James Cooper; also name in index of Continental Army books, as having served 14 mos. 10 ds. in loth Regt. Savs^in, Samuel. Age, 18; height, 5 ft. 11 in.; complexion, light; enlisted July 4, 17S0, for 6 mos. in Fourth Division Mass. Artillery, Capt. Frothingham, arriving at Springfield July 5, 1780; discharged, Jan. 4, 1781 ; length of service, 6 mos. 11 ds. ; traveled 215 miles from place of discharge to home ; name on Watertown Selectmen's return ; also, name on return of Brig. Gen. Paterson, Camp Totoway, Oct. 25, 1780, as having passed muster for 6 mos. service; also, name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list of 6 mos. men, as per resolve of General Court, passed June 5, 1780. Sawing, Daniel. Name on return of Capt. Edward Fuller's CO., Col. Brooks' regt.; Company return endorsed "Oct. 1776;" said Sawing reported wounded and at a private house ; also re- ported as having lost articles in battle. Shardol, Peter. Age, 17; height, 5 ft. 10 in. ; enlisted June 19, 1778, for 9 mos. in Capt. Stearns' co.. Col. Thatcher's regt. ; residence, Watertown. Sheldern, Peter. Name on list of men to fill the 15th Mass. Battalions, to serve 9 mos. from time of arrival at Fish-Kill ; re- ceived of Jonathan Warren, commissioner, July 20, 1778; en- gaged for Watertown. Sprague, William. Name in index of Continental Army books; served 3 yrs. in Col. Crane's Artillery, Capt. Henry Bur- beck; also, name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; residence and credi- ted to Watertown ; Continental Army accounts for service from Soldiers in Later Battles. 103 Mai-. 14, 1777, to Dec. 31, 1779; also, Capt. David Briant's co., Col. Crane's regt. ; pay rolls for Jan. -Sept., 1777 > reported dis- charged Mar. 14, 17S0. Spring, Converse. Capt. Fuller's co., Col. Samuel Bullard's regt.; enlisted Aug. 20, 1777; discharged Nov. 29, 1777; service 3 mos. 22 ds., at Stillwater ; also, Capt. Walton's co., Col. Eleazer Brooks' regt. of guards; joined Jan. 13, 177^! service to Apr. 3, 1778, 2 mos. 21 ds. at Cambridge, guarding troops of con- vention. Stearns, George. Enlisted Aug. 26, 1781, in Capt. Asa Drury's co., Col. Turner's regt. for service in Rhode Island ; length of service, 3 mos. 5 ds. ; discharged Nov. 27, 1781 ; roll endorsed, "five months service at Rhode Island." Stearns, Habakkak. Enlisted May 14, 1781, in Capt. Stephen Dana's co., Col. Josiah Whitney's regt. of militia, for service in Rhode Island ; traveled 45 miles; length of service, 2 mos. 2 ds. Stone, Abijah. Name on returns of Capt. Fuller's co.. Col. Brooks' regt. ; return endorsed, "Oct. 1776;" said Stone reported as fit for duty ; also reported as having lost articles in battle ; also, Private, Capt. Phineas Stearns' co., service 5 ds. at Dorchester Heights. Stone, Moses, Sergt. Name on return of Capt. Fuller's co., Col. Brooks' regt. ; company return endorsed, "Oct. 1776;" said Stone reported fit for duty ; also reported as having lost articles in battle. Stratton, Nathan. Enlisted May 14, 1781, in Capt. Stephen Dana's co., Col. Josiah Whitney's regt. of militia, for service in Rhode Island ; traveled 45 miles ; length of service, 2 mos. 2 ds. Tervis, John. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list; enlisted June I, 1781, for 3 yrs. ; age, 15 ; height, 5 ft. \h in. ; complexion, light ; hair, light; eyes, blue; laborer; discharged Apr. 19, 17S2. Tolman, Elijah. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; resi- dence and credited to Watertowrn. Tulford, John. Age, 17; height, 5 ft. 5 in.; enlisted for 9 mos., as per resolve of Apr. 20, 177S, by General Assembly; served in Capt. Stearns' co.. Col. Thatcher's regt. Ward, THAD^ Name in index of Continental Army books; served 14 mos. 20 ds. in 13th Regt., Commander Smith ; also name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; residence and credited to Water- town. Warren, Nathan. Enlisted for 9 mos., as per resolve of June 9, 1779, by General Assembly ; served in Capt. Stearns' co., Col. Stearns' regt. ; also, name on Continental town and county rolls, 1779 ; age, 17 ; height, 5 ft. 5 in. ; complexion, light ; served under Lieut. William Story ; also, name in index of Continental Army books ; served 14 mos. 12 ds. in loth Regt. 104. Watcrtown^s Alilitary History. Warren, Nath'. Enlisted for 3 yrs. or during the war, Sept. 20, 1779, by Capt. Smith ; served in loth Mass. Regt. under Capt. Taylor. Warren, Samuel. Name in index of Continental Army books ; served 33 mos. 26 ds. in 3rd Regt., Commander Foster ; also name on list of 3 yrs. men, i777 ? residence and credited to Watertown. Waumpey, Isaac. Name on Joseph Hosmer's list ; enlisted Dec, 27, 1780, for 3 yrs.; age, 22; height, 6 ft. o in. ; Indian ; hair, black; eyes, black; hunter; discharged Apr. 19, 1782. Weixh, James. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; residence and credited to Watertow^n. Wheeler, Ephraim. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777 ; resi- dence and credited to Watertown. Whiting, John. Receipt for bounty, £75, Boston, Apr. i, 1778, from the town of Watertown, to serve in the Continental Army for 3 yrs. Whitney, David. Name on return of Capt. Fuller's co.. Col. Brooks' regt. Whitney, John. Name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; residence and credited to Watertown. Willington, John. Name on Major Joseph Hosmer's list ; enlisted Feb. 23, 17S1, for 3 yrs.; age, 42; height, 5 ft. 5 in.; complexion, light ; hair, light ; eyes, blue ; cordwainer ; discharged Apr. 19, 1782; also name on list of 3 yrs. men, i777' residence and credited to Watertown. Willington, Jonathan. Name in index of Continental Army books ; served 6 mos. 20 ds. in 13th Regt., Major's co. ; also, name on list of 3 yrs. men, 1777; residence and credited to Watertown ; served 4 yrs. in 13th Regt., under Commander Smith; received $200 bounty. Willson, Thos. Enlisted May 14, 1781, in Capt. Stephen Dana's co., Col. Josiah Whitney's regt. of militia, for service in Rhode Island ; traveled 45 miles ; length of service, 2 mos. 2 ds. WiNSHiP, Joshua. Enlisted Dec. 7, 1779, for 3 yrs. or during the war, by Lieut. Marton ; served in 2nd Mass. Regt. under Capt. Bradford. *c Xa ^^TJt l£^r tyr/b- *-^^*'^<^ /^a/^^/^^r^e^ ^^^!^^> /^^^^^^'/^^^ /t-y c/^^'T^^/-^^ f/^rOf^-^^ /a 7^^e.^-rc)eirr7a^^r/h^^^ /-T^ X**"^ JONATHAN BROWN'S BILL. For Service in the Provincial Congress. J JONATHAN BROWN'S PAYMENTS. In the civil and military affairs of Watertown, preceding and during the Revolution, the personality of Jonathan Brow^n stands forth with special prominence. He it was who served continu- ously as the town's representative in the sessions o£ the Pro- vincial Congress. Bond's History states that he was born Aug. 24, 1724, and died Nov. 25, 1797. He was Captain of a Company at Lake George, in 175S; was town clerk and treasurer, a justice of the peace, and Representative of Water- town from 1772 to 17S6, inclusive. He also acted as Commis- sary of Military Stores at Watertown in 1775 and 177^' ^"^ was a member of the Committee on Supplies in i775- -^ ^^^' simile cut of one of his bills for services rendered the town is given in this book. His conscientiousness is shown by this bill. The total sum charged is £22 for attendance in General Court in 1774, May sessions, 17 days; in October, at Salem, 3 days ; at Concord, 4 days ; at Cambridge, two sessions, 24 days ; in February, 1775, 14 days, at Cambridge, and in March and April, 20 days at Concord : a total of 82 days, for which, and ex- penses of travel, the town paid him the equivalent of $110 in our form of currency. He adds an explanatory note, as follows : "I have not charged either the Sabbaths, or travel to Concord or Cambridge, nor for any time in Congress while sitting in Water- town." He was a member of the committees selected by the town to fill its quotas, and, as Treasurer, he had occasion to pay the soldiers for military services rendered. From the Treasurer's book it ap- pears that Jonathan Brown made payments to various persons, from 1778 to 17S3, as follows: 1778. £ s d July 20. Newton Baxter, services at Ticonderoga in 1776, Eben''. Eustis for do., Aug. 17. Selectmen, for arms, Sept. 8. Jed'\ Leathe, a grant made to his son John, John Wellington, war service, Francis Brown, " " Sept. 21. Hugh Mason, " " Oct. 16. Phin^ Child, " " Simon Whitney, expenses in war, Daniel Whitney, expenses in war, 5 0 0 5 6 0 65 0 2 22 0 0 8 0 0 5 0 0 20 0 0 12 0 0 7 13 4 7 5 4 io6 Watertown^s Military History. Dec. 23. Dec. 25. 1779. Jan. 2. Mar. i6- June 2S. Apr. 12. Aug. II, Sept 13 Oct. 18. Oct. 20. 22. Nov. 29. 29 1780. Feb. 15. Feb. 19. Paid the Spencer Godding, war services in 1775 and 177^' Richard Everit, war service, Samuel White, " Joel White, " " Phin*. Harrington, " " Daniel Cornwall, " " James Austin, "■ " John Stimson, " " Elka*^. Wales " " Amos Bond, " " Edmund Fowle, '' " Bez'. Learned, " " Jon^. Brown, jr., " " Marshall Spring, money advanced for war, Francis Brown, war service, Samuel Fisk, money advanced, Sami. Whitney, " " Oliver M". Roe " " Tilly Meatl, war service, Dorothy Coolidge, training expense. Cash received of Selectmen, being boun- ties allowed 4 men who went to Rhode Island last year, Nathaniel Harrington, by order of his son Peter, for war service, Elnathan Whitney, by order of Samuel Warrin, for war service, Samuel Wellington, order of John Ben- jamin, for enlisting into the Conti- nental Army, for Watertown, Jonas Bond, war service, on order of Amos Bond, David Bemis and others, to hire men to go to North River, Paid do. for do., JVIoses Stone, for do., David Bemis, to hire men, Jon'^. Stone and others, for war service, Joshua CooUidge, for do., Nath^ Stone, for David and Abijah Stone, for war service, John Cook, money advanced for war, etc., following for money advanced to carry on the war : William Watson, 22 0 0 6 13 ^ i 7 13 4 6 •3 4 9 0 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 6 13 4 10 0 0 6 13 4 4 18 0 6 13 4 H 10 0 10 0 0 I 13 4 7 0 0 10 0 0 7 10 0 22 0 0 4 5 2 1 ' 71 0 0 4 0 0 22 0 0 • 24 0 0 I 22 0 0 568 17 4 660 12 0 201 6 0 f 444 0 0 460 15 0 H 10 0 II 13 4 1 13 4 4 200 Jonathan Brown's Payments. 107 Tho^ Pattin, Benj". Harris, Jon^ Child, Simon Hastings, Eires Tiiinter, Moses CooUidge, John Chenery, Phin". Stearnes, Josiah Capen, money advanced for war, Cash for counterfeit money, James Flag, for his son's bounty, Cash paid Mr. Sanger out of bounties allowed : John Whitney's, David Whitney's, Jonas Coollidge's, John Wellington's, John Crane's, Mar. 4. Cornelius Park, for war service. Paid John Draper, Constable, for coun- terfeit money, Do. for bread, April, i775' Do., money advanced for war, Mar. 10. Sam^ Sanger, war service, 13. Amos Bond, " " etc., Sam'. Benjamin " " " Apr. 12. Nath'. Sanger, for going to Canada, Oct. 30. Major John Gardner, agent, beef for army, Nov. 20. Paid do. for do.. Counterfeit money, 60 dollars. Major John Gardner, for beef, Jon*. Brown, for services in convention. Do., to pay for beef, 1781. May 14. Josiah Capen and others, to hire men, May 23. Lt. Amos Bond, by Edmund Fowle, Also do. hard JE15 o, equal to May 31. Major John Gardner, in lieu of beef, Aug. 27. David Sanger, to hire men, by Moses Stone, iirSSS o o Josiah Capen and others, to hire men, in full of accts., 4^075 10 o Do. for like service, 12,000 o o Nov. 20. Amos Bond, by Henry Bradshaw, to hire men, 7° ^ 5 1782. Jan. 27. Paid do. for do., 39 18 O Bounties of £6,6,8 each were paid to the following for war service, a total of £88,13.4: 10 13 4 24 0 0 4 6 17 13 4 4 t 13 13 4 4 10 0 0 'I 0 6 0 8 6 10 0 2 0 0 2 2 4 2 H 3 I 0 I I 0 I 0 10 10 22 0 0 5 6 0 I 6 1 I 13 0 4 0 4 4 0 0 0 20 0 0 4,696 iS 16 4 0 0 0 0 9,180 0 0 204 0 0 24 0 0 3,000 0 0 5,400 0 0 1,125 0 0 13,822 0 0 io8 Waterto'wrCs Military History. Amos Bond, Eben^ Eustis, Step". Hagar, Benj. Learned, Jos^'. Bright, Nat^ Bright, Simon Whitney, John Draper, W"\ Leathe, Jonas White, Edw**. Harrington, Sam^ White, Josiah Capen, Daniel Mason, John vStimson, Henry Whiting, Step". Whiting, Francis Brown, Simon Hastings, David Bemis, Nathan Coollidge, Josiah Norcross, Newton Baxter, W"\ Baxter, David Smith, Joel White, Daniel Whitney, W". Watson, Sam^ Jenison, jr. 1783- June 27. Paid Sam^ Benjamin in full, 8 mos. ser- vice, £080 BOND'S LIST OF SOLDIERS. In the exhaustive Genealogical History of Watertovvn, pub- lished by Henry Bond, to the compilation of which he devoted many years of thoughtful care, there is a bewildering array of military titles. Just how many of these were complimentary it is impossible to decide. In order to amplify to some degree the list already presented, the following names and descriptions of service have been selected from Bond and placed in alphabetical order. These cover the Colonial and Revolutionary periods, as well as some services of still later date. Bond states that the quota of Watertown for the Pequod war, under date of April i8, 1637, included Capt. Mason, Capt. Wil- lard, Lieut. Goodenow, Lieut. Beers and Sergt. Wincoll. The following names of soldiers were taken from Bond's His- tory of Watertown : Baldwin, Isaac. He was killed at the battle of Bunker Hill. Ball, John. Was born in 1644; Oct. 21, 1665, he sold to William Perry his farm in Watertown, which he had purchased of John Lawrence, and went to Lancaster, where he was killed by the Indians, Sept. 10, 1675. He was a son of John Ball, who was said to have come from Wiltshire, England, and was admitted freeman in 1650. Barnard, Samuel, Major. Was baptized June 19, 1737. Was one of the Boston "Tea Boys" and a Major in the Revolu- tionary Army ; he died Aug. 8, 17S2; was a son of Samuel Bar- nard and Susanna Harrington, and married Mar. 24, i773» Eliza- beth Bond; they had five children. Barsham, Nathan, Capt. Was a Lieut, in the forces raised in 1690, for an expedition against Canada. Beers, Eliezer. Was a member of Capt. Cutler's company in 1696. He married Susanna Cutting Apr. 21, 1690, and died Dec. 5, 1701. Beers, Elnathan. He served as Sergeant in the company of his father, Capt. Richard Beers, and later under Capt. Joseph Sill; married Sarah Tainter, in 16S1. Was blessed with five children, and died in 1696. Bemis, Edmund. Was born Nov. i, 1720; died Dec, iSoo; was a Lieutenant at the capture of Louisburg, and a Captain in the expedition to Crown Point, 1755-56. II o Water town's Military History. Bemis, Jonas. Was born Mar. 25, 1737; died May 7, 1790; was a soldier in the French war and the Revolution. Married Dolly Wood of Brookfield. He was son of Samuel Bemis and Sarah Barnard, who settled first in Sudbury, and in 1721 moved to Spencer, and was the second settler in that tovv^n, where he died in August, 1776. Bemis, Jonathan. Was born June 12, 1762; married Sept. 22, 1 78 1, to Mary Stearns; moved to Paris, Me., about 1800, where he died July 5, 1828. He was a Captain and an inn- keeper, and was the son of David Bemis. Bemis, William, Capt. Was born Nov. i, 1722 ; died March 23, iSoi. He was a Captain, and married July 5, 1750, Rebekah White; was a son of Samuel Bemis and Sarah Barnard. Benjamin, Samuel. Was baptized Feb. 10, 1753; was a LieuL in the Revolutionary Army. He was son of Abel Ben- jamin. Married, in 1783, Tabitha Livermore, and settled in Livermore, Me. BiGELow, Benjamin. Was born Jan. 20, 16S3-4 > ^^'''^^ wounded in the public service previous to 170S; died Oct. 27, 1709, of a fall from a horse ; he was son of Joshua Bigelow and Elizabeth Flagg. Bigelow, Jabez. Was a Lieut, in West Point at the time of Arnold's treason. Bigelow, Joshua. Was born Nov. 5, 1655 ; married Eliza- beth Flagg Oct. 20, 1676; was wounded in King Pliilip's War, and later received a grant of land in Worcester. He died in Westminster, Mass., Feb. 21, 1745, aged 90. He had 11 child- ren. His Father, John Bigelow, a blacksmith, married Mary Warren, Oct. 30, 1642, this being the earliest marriage found in the town records. Bigelow, Timothy. Was born June 20, 1703 ; was a Lieut, in his Majesty's service; was son of Jonathan Bigelow, and mar- ried Abigail Olcott. BiscoE, John. Was born in Watertown April 10, 173S ; was a soldier at Lake George in 1756 or '7 ; went to Spencer, Mass., in 1763; was son of Thomas Biscoe of Watertown and Abigail Mason; married May 10, 1764. Bond, Amos. He was born Mar. 22, 1749; died Aug. 8, 181 7. He served as Representative for Watertown most of the time from 1788 to i8o3 ; was repeatedly elected senator of Aliddiesex county, and was a member of the Governor's council. He was a Col. of militia. Bond, Charles. He was a son of Col. William, and was born Feb. 16, 1769. He was Captain of militia in Watertown, and a Selectman; died in Keene, N. H., Nov. 19, iSoi. Bond, Jonas, Col. He married, Jan. 29, i68S-'9, Grace Coolidge, and April 11, 1699, married Mrs. Elizabeth Prentice; Bond's List of Soldiers. 1 1 1 he held a justice's commission for more than 24 years, and was sometimes called the ''Marrying Squire" ; he belonged to the mili- tary force sent into Canada in 1690; represented the town in the General Court, and was entrusted with its most important muni- cipal business; was Lieut. -Col. of a company of militia; died in 1727, aged 63 years. Bond, William, Col. Was the grandfather of Watertown's historian, Henry Bond ; served under Col. Thomas Gardner at the battle of Bunker Hill, where Col. Gardner was mortally wounded. Lieut.-Col. Bond succeeded to the command, and subsequently marched with the regular army to New York, and was ordered to Canada by way of the lakes. Upon his return he encamped on Mount Independence, opposite Ticonderoga, where he died Aug. 31, 1776. During his services in New York and Canada he was accompanied by his third son Henry, then quite a lad, who was present at the death of his patriotic father. His son Henry married Hannah, eldest daughter of Capt. Phineas Stearns, of Watertown, and moved to Livermore, Me., where he had purchased land and several mills ; was an active, influential citizen, and died Mar. 27, i79^' '^g^d 34 years. Bond, William. He was a son of Col. William ; was born Oct. 24, 1765, and died Mar. 28, 1819; was a Col. in the Mass. militia, and resided in Watertown until 1808, when he moved to Surry and afterward Gilsum, N. H., where he died. Bond, William. Was a son of Jonas and Rose Bond of Bury St. Edmunds, Eng. ; was baptized Sept. 3, 1625 ; came to Water- town where he married, Feb. 7, 1649, Sarah Biscoe, daughter of Nathaniel Biscoe, the rich tanner, who died Feb. 15, i692-'3 ; married in 1695, Mrs. Elizabeth Nevinson of Watertown ; he died Dec. 14, 1695, his widow surviving 25 years ; the children were 9 by first wife ; in 1676 he was a Lieut, of a company of horse, per- haps under Capt. Thomas Prentice. In 1692, those parts of Watertown which were later Watertown, Wallham and Weston, were designated as the precincts of Capt. Bond's co., Capt. Gar- field's CO., and Lieut. Jones' co. ; Oct. 7? 1679, he was appointed on a committee consisting of Capt. Thomas Prentice, Mr. W". Bond and Deacon John Stone, to rebuild Lancaster, which had been destroyed by the Indians. Bowman, Joshua. He v/as baptized Feb. 15, 1746-7; a graduate of Harvard College, 1766; was a Captain of Dragoons in the Continental Army, and died, shot from his horse, at Charleston, S. C, Mar. 30, 1780. Bowman, Samuel, Capt. He enlisted at the outbreak of the Revolution and served till its close ; is said to have been with Major Andre the night before the execution, and to have com- manded the guards that led Andre to the gallows. Brown, Ebenezkr. Was born Dec. 29, 1730; died at Ticon- deroga, aged 28. 112 Watertown^s Military History. Brown, Phineas. He was in the battle of Saratoga, and served several months during the war. Cakebread, Thomas, Capt. Was admitted freeman May 14, 1634; was a proprietor of Watertown in 1636-7 and 1642 ; set- tled in Watertown, but probably resided a short time in Dedham ; was called a renowned soldier of Watertown in Mr. Haven's ad- dress (1S36), and was invited to be at the head of military affairs in Dedham ; he was one of the original members of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Co., and in Sept. 1643, was appointed by the General Court "to lead the Company of Sudbury as En- sign" ; died in Sudbury, Jan. 4, i643-'4. Chester, John. Was born in Watertown Aug. 3, 1635 ; was a Captain of Wethersfield ; admitted freeman May, 1658 ; was a member of the first troop in Conn. ; he was very useful and influ- ential. Chinery, John. Was a son of Lambert ; married in Water- town, Mar. 12, 1655-6, Sarah Boylston ; was wounded by the In- dians in battle at Northfield, Sept. 4, 1675, and died the next day, leaving one child. CooLiDGE, John. Was a carpenter, and son of John Coolidge of Watertown ; married and settled in Sherburne. He was a sol- dier in King Philip's War. He had 8 children. Coolidge, John. Was sometimes designated as Ensign ; took the oath of fidelity in 1652 ; married, Nov. 14, 1655, Hannah Livermore ; she died Dec. 23, 167S, aged 45, and he married, Sept. 16, 1679, Mary Maddock ; had 14 children ; was son of John Coolidge, one of the earliest proprietors, who was admitted free- man May 25, 1636. Coolidge, Joseph. Was a soldier in the French war ; bap- tized in 1698 ; died in 1724. Coolidge, Joseph. A son of Simon Coolidge, a bricklayer; was born June 18, 1730, and married Eunice Stratton, Sept. il, 1753 ; was killed at the battle of Lexington, Apr. 19, 1775- Coolidge, Lewis. Was born Sept. i6, 1783 ; was taken prisoner by the British in 18 14, and lost his property. After his exchange he went to Vermont as teacher until 181S, when he moved to Waltham, Vt., afterwards to Illinois. Coolidge, Nathaniel. He married, Sept. 19, 1751, Dorothy Whitney; he kept a public house from 1764 to 1770, on the south side of the river at VVatertown bridge, the first house. Coolidge, Samuel. He enlisted. Mar. 12, 1745-6, to go to Cape Breton. Corey, Isaac. Was born Jan. 9, 1739-40; was a soldier at Lake George in 17585 i» Capt. Jonathan Brown's Company. Craft, Abner. An innholder of Watertown in 1772 ; a Cap- tain in the 25th Regiment of Continental Army in 1775 ; he left 9 children. Bond's List of Soldiers. 113 Cutting, David. Was burnt to death during the Revolution- ary war in a barn, where he hiy with a broken leg. Dix, John. Was a surgeon in the U. S. Navy : died on board U. S. sloop of war Cyane, off the coast of Africa, April 16, 1S23. Dix, Stephen. Was born June 30, 1735 ; died abroad in the army in 1755. FiSKE, Robert, Lieut. Was admitted freeman May 18, 1631 ; Sept. 4, 1632, Lieut, under Capt. Patrick ; died in 1663-3, leaving JE9 ; was one of tho earliest and largest proprietors; Selectman in 1637, '39, '40 ; Representative in 1634, '35 and '36 ; was appointed Lieut, by the Court, and is said to have united with Capt. Patrick in the purchase of Greenwich, Conn. ; appears to have become impoverished ; died at the house of Samuel Thatcher, who dis- posed of his estate to pay expenses. Finch, John. He came over with Gov. Wintlirop in 1630. In i636-'7, he settled in Watertovvn, where his wigwam and all of his goods were burned ; was one of a small colony tliat first set- tled VVethersfield, Conn. ; was killed by an Indian Oct. 30, 1637. Firman, John. He settled in Watertown, where his wigwam was burned Nov. 10, 1630; was admitted freeman May iS, 163 1 ; returned to England and re-embarked from Ipswich for New E<ig- land Apr. 1634, then aged 46; was a Deacon and also a Select- man in 163S; his heirs sold his lands in Watertown to Barnabas Farr of Boston, who resold to Richard Beers, Feb. 25, 1652-3. FiSKE, Nathan, Lieut. Was born in Watertown, Oct. 17, 1642 ; died Oct. 1694 ; bought of Thomas Underwood 220 acres of land in Weston for £10 ; inventory, £151. Flagg, Gershom, Lieut. Was born in Watertown, April 16, 1641 ; settled in Woburn ; killed by the Indians at Lamphrey River, July 6, 1690. Flagg, Timothy. Born Mar. 10, 1 740-1; belonged to the force sent to Lake George in 175S, and was a soldier of the Revo- lution. Flagg, William. Was killed by the Indians at Lancaster, Aug. 22, 1675. FuLHAM, Jacob. Was born Nov. 19, 1693; served as Ser- geant in Capt. Lovewell's co. and was killed by the Indians at Pigwacket (Fryesburg) in "Lovewell's Fight," May 8, 1725. "A Sergeant named Fulham, and an Indian, distinguished by his dress and activity, singled each other out, and botli fell, mutually slain, each by his antagonist's weapon;" he was son of Major Francis Fulham ; he married, Feb. 28, 1 715-16, Tabitha Whitney, Fuller, David. Was born Sept. 14, 1787; was purser's steward in the U. S. sloop of war Wasp, Capt. Jones, when she captured the Frolic. Garfield, Benjamin, Capt. Was Representative of Water- town 9 times, between 16S9 ^^^ ^7^7» ^^^ held numerous muni- 114 Waterioivn's Military History. cipal appointments. He was born in 1643 ; admitted freeman Apr. 18, 1690; died Nov. 28, 1717, aged 74. Hammond, John, Lieut. Was a son of Wm. Hammond; was born in Enjjland, and when 7 years old came here with his parents and two sisters, leaving Ipswich, Eng., Apr. 1634; had 3 wives and 9 children, his wives being Abigail, Sarah and Pru- dence ; he died Nov. 22. 17091 aged over 80 years; in 1690, his assessment was the largest in the town, and next to his was that of William Bond, Esq. Harrington, Edward. Was born May 22, 1735 ; a Captain in the Revolution; died at Ticonderoga, Sept. 23, i77^' Harrington, George. Was born Nov. 24, 1655; belonged to Capt. VVadsworth's company and was killed by the Indians in Lancaster, Feb. 1675-6. Hastings, William. Resident of Watertown ; belonged to Capt. Jonathan Brown's co. at lake George in i758' Jenison, William. Was one of the first who desired to be admitted freeman, Oct. 19, 1630; was a member of the Artillery CO. in 1637; Captain of the train band, 1638; Selectman and Representative ; commanded one of the companies sent, in 1636, to avenge the murder of John Oldham, by the Pequod Indians, at Block Island; returned to England soon after 1645, where he died. Johnson, Caleb. Was accidentally shot. May 4, 1654, "^^r his house " in the Liberties of Watertown." Learned, Jedediah. He belonged to Capt. Jonathan Brown's CO. at lake George, in i75S- NoRCROSS, Samuel. Was born Oct. 14, 1689 ; was a soldier in the expedition to Canada; died in Durham, Conn., in 1724, where he had lived 6 yrs. Olcott, John. He was born Nov. 21, 1739; was married to Hannah Wardsworth June 30, i77i' He was Major of Col. Ward's 21st Regt. of the Continental Army, and accompanied Col. Arnold in his expedition to Canada. Pendleton, Bryan, Capt. Was made freeman Sept. 3, 1632 ; was Selectman and Representative ; a member of the artillery co. in 1646; a Capt. in Watertown; a Major in Portsmouth; coun- cilor in 1680. Randall, John. Was born Oct. 2, 1750; said to have been one of the "Boston Tea Boys." Sab'ford, Thomas. Resident of Watertown ; he belonged to Capt. Jonathan Brown's co. at lake George in 1758. Saltmarsh, William, Lieut. Was a Lieut, under Capt. Jonathan Brown at Lake George in i75S' Sanger, Richard. Was born in Sudbury ; moved to Water- town in 1649, Sept 8; he with his two sons and 3 others, during King Philip's war, guarded the mill in Watertown. Bond's List of Soldiers. 115 Seeley, Robert. Was one of the first settlers of Watertown ; was admitted freeman May iS, 1630 ; in 1636 he went to Wethers- field, Conn. ; was probably the Lieut. Seeley in the Pequod war, and perhaps the Capt. Seeley of Stratford, killed in battle by the Indians, in Dec. 1675. Sherman, John, Capt. He came to America in 1634; was admitted freeman May 17, 1637 ; was Selectman, town clerk and Representative; died Jan. 25, 1690; born in Dedham co., Eng., in 1613. Spring, Jeduthan. Was a Corporal in Capt. Jonathan Brown's Co. at Lake George in 175S, and his brother Josiah was a private in the same company ; both of Watertown. Spring, Marshall. Was a physician ; arrived early at Lex- ington Apr. 19, 1775; born Feb. 19, 1741-2; died Jan. 7, 1818; a tory. Stearns, Asa. He enlisted in Col. Ward's Mass. Reg. the day after the battle of Bunker Hill ; was with the Americans at Long Island in i77^' ^'^^' ^^ ^'^^ battle of White Plains ; served 20 mos. in Col. Ward's Reg. and then joined Col. Cilley's Reg. of N. Hampshire, in which he served 3 yrs. ; was at the capture of Burgoyne, in the battle of Monmouth, and with Gen. Sullivan at Wyoming, where he suffered excessively from privations; later was at sea in a privateer and helped capture the ''Hannah," richly laden with merchandise and which was taken to New Haven; after the war he moved to New Hampshire; died Feb. 2, 1852. Stearns, Peter. Was born Aug. 3, 1742, in Watertown ; enlisted in the French war and never returned ; estate administered in 1758. Stearns, Phinehas, Capt. Resident of Watertown ; was a soldier at Lake George, where he commanded a company. Stone, Moses, Capt. He owned a large part of the land which is now Mt. Auburn. Tainter, John, Jr. He belonged to Capt. Jonathan Brown's CO. in 17585 'It Lake George; was born Aug. 12, 1732. Thompson, George. Resident of Watertown ; he belonged to Capt. Jonathan Brown's co. at Lake George in 1758. Wellington, George. He was born Oct. 21, 1749; was a Revolutionary soldier. Wellington, Thaddeus. Born April 5, 1758; was a Revo- lutionary soldier. White, Jedediah. Was born Feb. 3, 1734-5; belonged to the expedition sent to Lake George in 1758; resident of Water- town ; served under Capt. Jonathan Brown. White, William. Resident of Watertown ; was a drummer in Capt. Jonathan Brown's co. at Lake George in 1758- THE SCRAP BOOK. One of the most devoted students of the history of Watertown was Rev. Edward A. Rand. He was instrumental in the form- ation of the Watertown Historical Society, which was organized in Dr. Alfred Hosmer's parlors, Riverside Street, Nov. 20, 188S. At this meeting officers were chosen as follows : president, Dr. Alfred Hosmer ; vice-president, Rev. Edward A. Rand ; secre- taiy and treasurer, Solon F. Whitney. Other members of the standing committee : Dr. Bennett F. Davenport, and Dr. Julian A. Mead. Dr. Hosmer died suddenly on Mav 14, 1S91.; and his public funeral in the First Parish Cliurch (Unitarian) was largely at- tended and of an impressive character. Rev. Mr. Rand, in his scrap book, has this personal note : " Shall I ever forget the great, silent congregation ; the black- draped casket; the flowers piled up in front o' the pulpit ; the emblem, across which lay the purple sickle of the reaper? In the midst of the stillness, suddenly rose up from the gallery a solitary voice, clear, sweet, birdlike, alone: 'I'm but a stranger here.' Then came the chorus, full yet subdued : ' Heaven is my Home.'" Rev. Mr. Rand succeeded as president of the society, holding that position up to the time of his death. He never missed a meeting from the date of organization till Sept. 8, 1903, a period of fifteen years. "• I am sorry I am so crippled I cannot go," he wrote Sept. 7. He died in 1903, aged 66 years. His grave, in the Common Street cemetery, is marked by a white stone cross, and is decorated every Memorial Day by Post 81, which he had so faithfully served for years as chaplain. He was a true " Soldier of the Cross." He was also a prime mover in organizing the Watertown Chapter Sons of the Ameiican Revolution, a meeting for which purpose was held at the residence of Walter B. Snow, on Garfield Street, April 13, 1S9S. Tiiis chapter had as its first president Dr. Bennett F. Davenport, and for secretary George A. Alden. Its field of effort bordered so closely upon that of the Historical Society, the chapter, after a few years of useful service, went out of existence. From the several scrap books of these two societies, as com- piled by Rev. Mr. Rand, gleanings follow : Dorothy Coolidge's Tavern. This famous hostelry stands on the easterly side of Galen Street, near the bridge. It was built by William Williams, a shipbuilder, The Scrap Book. 117 in 1740-42. Subsequently this house became the property of Nathaniel Coolidge, who kept a tavern, as licensed innholder, from 1 764 to 1770, when he died, and was succeeded by his widow, Dorothy (Whitney). This tavern was a popular resort for business and social meet- ings. During the War of the Revolution, both American and British officers were entertained here. There are many inter- esting records of Madame Coolidge's table. She was famous for her Johnny-cake, and served some, hot and golden, to volunteers the morning of the battle of Lexington. The legislators of Massachusetts met here, while stoves were set up in the meeting house. Here, in i775' rendezvoused the Committee of Safety. In front of the door swung a sign-board bearing a portrait of George III., which was afterwards replaced by that of George Washington. General Washington stopped at Ma'am Coolidge's for breakfast, July 2, 1775? and had some of her famous Johnny-cake. In Oc- tober, 17S9, President Washington again visited Watertown, on his way to Boston, took supper, and lodged in the tavern, occu- pying a room near the river. He was served by attendants in white dresses and checked aprons. It is recorded that Lady Washington came in great state to Watertown, Dec. 11, i775' riding in her coach and four, attended by colored postilions in gay livery of scarlet and white, a military escort and guard of honor. Paul Revere in Lexington. Rev. E. A. Rand. " Sam" Adams and John Hancock, exiles from Boston, " fire- brands of treason" that General Gage wanted, were sheltered in the house of Rev. Jonas Clark, Lexington, the night before the battle of April 19, 1775. And hark ! between 12 and i there is the sound of a horse gal- loping up to this very parsonage where the minister is secreting two rebels. It is a patriot messenger, Paul Revere. There is a house guard of eight men under Sergeant Munroe. To them the rebels are a republic's jewel in this clerical casket. Revere clamors for admittance. The sergeant refuses it. The family is abed. No noise must be made. "Noise," cries Revere. "You'll have noise enough here be- fore long. The regulars are coming out." He bangs at the door. Ah, the parson in his night-cap, maybe ; but if so, a cap full of wonder, runs his head out of a window. He asks : " Who's there?" The parson is on guard. One of the jewels now appears. He recognizes a friend. " Come in. Revere ; we are not afraid of you ! " Not afraid, and they trust the messenger. The clerical casket is empty of its jewels in the morning. I can seem to catch a " God bless you" from the minister who re- ceived them and now follows them to the door. Ii8 Watertown's Military History. The Battle of Lexington. The Boston News Letter. Major Pitcairn, with his aids, hastily rode up the Bedford road, passed around the meeting house, and returned by the Concord road. Having thus reconnoitred this handful of men, he drew his pistol and cried : " Disperse, rebels; throw down your arms and disperse"; gave orders to fire, and fired his own pistol. His soldiers at the same time ran up huzzaing, and fired at first some scattering guns, which were immediately followed by a general discharge that did no injury, except wounding one man slightly, and the fire was not returned, but the second was fatal to several Americans. They immediately returned the fire as far as the confusion in their ranks from the number of killed and wounded would permit. But it is supposed they fired too high, as the blood on the road where the Britisli stood appeared to have been drawn from those in the rear of the British ranks that were en- gaged. The militia dispersed immediately after firing, but were shot at as they retreated. Nearly half in their ranks had been killed or wounded by the regulars before the militia had fired a single musket. The British rushed forward to bayonet the remainder. The Battle of Bunker Hill. Rev. E. A. Rand. And here comes Gen. Joseph Warren, president of the Pro- .vincial Congress at VVatertown, now Massachusetts' Capital. Can't you see that man coming over Bunker Hill, gun in hand? It is Warren, spirited and sacrificing. He will go to yon rail fence, stand a bit of a while by a cannon, and then go to the redoubt. He will never go from it, but he does not know it. The brave officer in command is William Prescott. And the astonished British? "We must carry those works immediately," says General Gage. And here they come, the British regulars, having landed at Morton's Point, that to-day's navy yard covers. Along the slope of Breed's Hill is a scarlet line that dares the assault, and falls back like autumn leaves when the wind strikes them. Again the scarlet line moves up, and again the tempest of fire from the redoubt drives back the autumn leaves. Once more the scarlet line goes up the hill, into and through the redoubt! It is a brave three-fold assault, and the same kind of British blood is on the farmers' side, who, without bread for their hunger, water for their thirst, fight in the heat of a June day, succeeding a night without sleep, a night of toil. An awful cost to the scarlet line ! MATOR-GENERAL JOSEPH WARREX. The Scrap Book. 119 The Watertown Meeting House. Rev. E. A. Rand. This is the Meeting House on Watertown Common in i775- It is a plain kind of a box, with two rows of eyes. There is not only a floor demanding windows, but three galleries. There are three doors, — in the front of southern wall, in the eastern, in a tower on the sunset side. The main entrance, the southern, is from the village common, an open, semi-civilized piece of green. At the eastern end of the meeting house there are horse-sheds, and on the Sabbath they overrun with as much life as the meeting house. On town-meeting days, it is a kind of life in the long sheds that may behave much better. There is a space of stillness between the sheds and the meeting house, for up to the latter creep the blue stones in the village graveyard, as if to gain shelter from the northeast storms sweeping from the Atlantic, a few miles away, sweeping shatteringly adown the slopes of Meeting House Hill. Beyond the graveyard, in a sombre isolation, is that shabby structure known as " the hearse house," with its one dismal occu- pant of the town hearse, the children's awe, the old man's chariot to Paradise. Come round to that tower at the West end, a tower that sup- ports a belfry that looks as if built for no other purpose than to hold up a rooster that never crows, but swings submissively with the wind. That faithful Provincial Congress, the last of its race. How it gave new lustre to the country town that it visited, making Water- town the capital of Massachusetts. Farmers were to be disci- plined into soldiers. One day the Provincial Congress rose up to greet George Washington. He came to the meeting house, Sun- day, July 2, 1775* -^ '^^'^ imagine the scene. How crowded must the house have been ! The honorable president of Congress, James Warren, tendered a message to Washington. How they listened, up in the singers' gallerv, down on the floor, and even the tithing man, if assisting the Congress, must have forgotten to wield his rod, his mouth open, his eyes staring! But look down at the pews lining the walls, and then at those filling the body of the house. The popular style is not of this century, a slip not only slender but curved, as in an amphitheatre, but a good-sized square box. The " slip " suggests the individual ; the old-fashioned pew is the symbol of the family. There is no furnace, not even a stove, in the meeting house. There is a thick mantling of the body with winter comforts on an Arctic morning, while upon the floor of the old box-pew is deposited a little foot- stove with ruddy coals, and this stove is slipped under the feet of mother. Grandmother will have one ; Aunt Nabby, too, who is feeble. I20 Watertown^ s Military History. Robert Harrington. W. S. Harrington, in the Eastport (^Me.) Sentinel. Sept. 20, 1901. Robert Harrington, who settled in Watertown, Mass., in 1642, was the ancestor of the whole Harrington family then in the United States. In 1713, three Harringtons who were cousins settled in Lexington. In 1775, eleven Harringtons were enrolled in Capt. Parker's company of minute-men. On the morning of the battle on Lexington Common, Mrs. Harrington called her son, saying, "Jonathan, Jonathan, get up ; the British are coming, and something must be done." He arose, and with his drum and fife he called the minute-men together near the Common, and soon after that gun was fired that was heard around the world, and two Harringtons fell, pierced by British bullets. The family was also represented at Bunker Hill, Ticon- deroga, and later at New Orleans and Gettysburg. Marking Patriots* Graves. Alberto F. Haynes. Graveyards are pokey places to most folks, but not to the Sons of the iVmerican Revolution, who simply revel in communing with the spirits of their patriotic ancestors. So it was not a sad company which assembled in the Common Street cemetery last Friday afternoon, to place markers on the graves of some of those brave men who struck the first blow for liberty in 1775. Nor was the date, Nov. i, 1901, inauspicious. It was the anniversary of the futile attempt to enforce the Stamp Act, which led to the Revolution, and it was also All Saints' Day, when celestial friends have a special outing. Two graves were marked in this cemetery, — those of Maj. Samuel Barnard and Samuel Coolidge; while later, at the Ar- lington Street cemetery, markers were placed above the sacred dust of Col, Christopher Grant, Joseph Coolidge and Col. Moses Coolidge. Remarks were made by President Edward A. Rand of the Watertown Chapter S. A. R., to whose careful research was due the locating of these graves ; prayer was offered by Rev. Walter F. Greenman; historic sketches were read by Mrs. B. F. Daven- port, Regent of the D. A. R., by Mrs. Fred E. Crawford, and by Watson Grant Cutter of Cambridge, great-grandson of Col. Christopher Grant; while, most fittingly, the beautiful bronze markers were placed by Secretary George A. Alden of the Water- town Chapter, a direct descendant of the John Alden who cut out Capt. Jolm Smith by request of the fair Priscilla. Commander William H. Benjamin represented the G. A. R., Post 81. Maj. Samuel Barnartl was captain of a company in Col. Gard- ner's regiment, which marched from Watertown in response to The Scrap Book. I2J the Lexington Alarm, in 1775; was major of Col. Thatcher's regiment, and also served at Dorchester Heights. Samuel Coolidge enlisted for three years' service in the Conti- nental army. Col. Christopher Grant vi^as a sergeant in Capt. Barnard's company, and lieutenant in Capt. Abner Crafts' company. His great-grandson, Mr. Cutter, showed his commission as recruiting officer, given July 10, 1775, by Adjt.-Gen. Horatio Gates; also his commission, received from Gov. James Bowdoin, as colonel of the First Regiment of Militia, dated Middlesex County, Oct. 18, 1786. Joseph Coolidge left his plow afield, went to Lexington, and was killed that day by the retreating British. Moses Coolidge was in Capt. Phineas Stearns' company at Dorchester Heights, and also served in Capt. Watson's company. There are many other graves which should have these markers, but it is difficult to locate them accurately. The Galen Street Bridge. Dr. Bennett F. Davenport. The building of a new bridge in a slightly different location across Charles River, in our town centre, makes of special interest the following account of the original bridge, as given by Dr. Davenport, taken from the old Colony records : " May 26, 1647. Whereas complaint hath been made of the want of a horse bridge near unto Watertown mill, and that the want thereof hath hazarded the lives of several persons, and may endanger many more, and for that the best and most commodious place is in the bounds of Watertown, it is ordered by the court that there be a sufficient hor^e bridge made over the river there by the inhabitants of Watertown before the first of the 9th month next ensuing." After some delay the bridge was constructed, and at reasonable cost, under the direction of Mr. Bisco and Isaac Stearns, the former being allowed for eight days' work twelve shillings. Feb. 29, 1648, the rate of the bridge and other debts is given as £22 IS. 4d. In 1667, the bridge was carried away by ice in a freshet, and although Watertown humbly craved the favor of the court to give them relief, the court saw no cause to grant the request, and the town was forced to rebuild. Other reconstructions have been made from time to time. Soldiers of the Revolution, and even General and Lady Washington, crossed the bridge, and a more or less steady stream of citizens passed to and fro, a magnet of attraction being Widow Dorothy Coolidge's tavern near by. The town paid Dorothy 12 shillings and 8 pence for rum fur- nished, April 19, 1775, to the men who served in the Lexington Battle ; which is only 9 shillings less than it paid Mr. John Draper for bread for the men on the same day. 122 Watertown's Military History. The Indians of Watertown. Cotton Mather's description of the Massachusetts Indians fol- lows : "Know then that these doleful creatures are the veriest ruins of mankind which are to be found anywhere upon the face of the earth. One might see among them what a hard master the devil is to the most devoted of his vassals. These abject creatures live in a country full of mines; we have already made entrance upon our iron ; and in the very surface of the ground, among us, there lies copper enough to supply all this world, be- sides other mines to be hereafter exposed. " But o>n' shiftless Indians were never owners of so much as a knife till we came among them. Their name for an Englishman was a knife-man. They live in a country where we now have all the conveniences of human life. But as for them, their housing is nothing but a few mats tied about poles fastened in the earth, where a good fire is their bed-clothes in the coldest season. In most of their dangerous diseases, 'tis a powow that must be sent for; that is, a priest who has more familiarity with Satan than his neighbors. " This conjurer comes and roars and howls and uses magical ceremonies over the sick man, and \vill be well paid for it when he has done. If this don't effect a cure, the man's time is come, and there's an end. "Their way of living is infinitely barbarous. The men are most abominably slothful, making their poor squaws, or wives, to plant and dress and barn and beat their corn, and build their wigwams for them." She Captured a Redcoat. William B. Dorman in Boston Herald. Lydia Warren, born in Watertown, Jan. 7, i745i was one of fourteen children of Phinehas and Grace (Hastings) Warren, and descendant of John Warren who arrived with Margaret his wife from England, in 1630, and settled in Watertown. The writer was at first disposed to doubt the historical accuracy of the statement which follows, but has since been assured that a detachment of the British did pass through Watertown on Apr. 19' 1775- Lydia Warren's house was off^ the main road and the latter part of the day her neighbors came running, crying out, " Mrs. Bar- nard ! There is a Redcoat coming." Stepping through the group, she grasped the horse's bridle and ordered the soldier to dismount; he not obeying, to pull him from the saddle was but the work of a moment. Shaking him vigorousl)', " You villain !" she exclaimed, " how do I know but what you have been killing some of my folks .'"' He protested that he had not fired a shot. " Let me see your cartridge box," said she, and opening it The Scrap Book. 123 found several missing. At this she shook him still more violently, and, her anger increasing, she grasped his sword in such a threatening manner that his fears overcame him, and falling upon his knees lie begged for his life. She finally gave her prisoner in charge of those whom the af- fair had attracted to the scene, and he was taken to the tavern for safe keeping, while the horse was turned loose in a pasture. In alluding to the affair in later years she was wont to say " that she never saw a man that she thought she could not have handled." A Colonial Newspaper. George S. Wright. The Boston Gazette was first published as a weekly newspa- per Dec. 21, 1719. Soon after the news of the destruction of the tea in Boston harbor reached England, Parliament passed a law, in 1774, that the " port of Boston should be closed until the tea was paid for and humble submission made to the king," and another taking the government " out of the hands of the people" and putting the Colony under the control of Gen. Gage, who was sent to Boston with several regiments of troops. As migiit be expected, the office of the Gazette was soon under the espionage of the English troops, but not until June, i775' when " the avenues between Boston and the country were care- fully guarded," did Benjamin Edes, its patriotic editor, seek safety in flight by the easiest and quietest way, rowing up the Charles, taking his " press and a few types," to Watertown. Edes located the Gazette in a building that stood on Galen street, near the bridge, a site which is now part of the Metropoli- tan Park reservation. Here for more than a year and a half he printed and published the paper. In an issue of June 5, i775» ^" article appeared signed "The Printer," urgently calling on " all those who are in arrears, forthwith to discharge the respective balances, in order to enable him to discharge his just debts at this very critical season." Paper became so scarce that the Gazette was printed for a number of weeks as a leaflet, instead of in its usual quarto form. The issue of June 20, 1775, gives the following brief account of the battle of Bunker Hill : "By many persons of undoubted veracity who were in Boston during the late battle at Charlestown and were soon after in the field of action, we learn that the enemy sustained a greater loss than was at first apprehended. The ministerial troops, about 5000 in number, were commanded by Lord Howe, and by the most favorable accounts, 1000 ot them, amongst whom were 84 officers, were killed and wounded, but their loss is believed to be much greater. The work-house, almshouse, and manufactory- house and a number of private dwellings were improved for the 124 Watertown's Military History. wounded regulars, who were removing the whole of the night and Sabbath day succeeding the battle. " Some 700 Americans fought the battle, the residue of the army from Cambridge not having recovered Bunker Hill timely enough to reinforce our brave men. "The officers and regulars acknowledge that they have dearly purchased the hill, but say that the rebels fought more like devils than like men. Charlestown, containing about 300 dwelling houses and 150 or 200 other buildings, was laid in ashes by our humane adversaries." The Gazette\^?i% about 9x13 inches, with two or three columns to a page. The printing executed inWatertown did not do much credit to the art. Wretched ink, worn out type, and poor coarse paper, combined to make good work impossible. The Gazette suspended publication in 1794. Its editor, Ben- jamin Edes, died in poverty and neglect. Captain John Fowle. Col. D. S. Lamson, of Watertown. Captain John Fowle, sixth son of Edward' Fowle and Abigail Whitney, was born Feb. i, 1756, and married Mary Cook of Newton. They had four children, three girls and one boy. Capt. Fowle died at Watertown in 1824, aged 68 years. He served with credit and reputation during the whole of the Revolutionary War. At the time the Marquis de Lafayette was ordered to the southward, to oppose the progress of the army of Lord Cornwallis, Capt. Fowle was selected as one of his officers. Under that distinguished officer he served and endured all the fatigues and dangers incident to the campaign. When the army under the command of Gen. Washington formed a junction with the Marquis at Yorktown, Capt. Fowle continued to serve in the Light Infantry, and his company composed a part of the detach- ment under the command of the Marquis which stormed Lord Cornwallis' advanced redoubts, and enabled Washington to ad- vance and take such a position as compelled his Lordship to sur- render. After the glorious struggle ended Capt. Fowle retired to private life. That he keenly felt the injustice done him by his country there can be no doubt. He never believed the wages due the officers and soldiers were honestly paid. It is well known that, at the close of the war, the army was paid in unfunded securities, which were not worth one-sixth part of their nominal value, al- though the soldiers had been promised payment in specie at the end of each month. The Powder House. Feb. 14, 1896, at a meeting of the Watertown Historical Socie- ty, Charles F. Mason stated that he had ascertained beyond ques- PAUL R&.VERE "ESTAK'P'WC^'t^fwSLOTi \HkDlT^t CQ.L'?/1/-'- ';\'C! ES ordered! ' BYTHf.PROVWG(^LC0fiCRFSSO.r] 1 ,'775 1 PAUL REVERE'S MEMORIAL. Tablet on Watertown Street, Watertown. I The Scrap Book. 125 tion that a powder house and guard house were built in Watertown during Revokitionary War times. The 5ite was somewhere on a tract of hind between the old Catholic Church edifice and Green street. The powder house was most probably removed between 1785 and 1790. Mr. Mason had been told by Frank Whitney, and Messrs. Lenox and Bustin, of a powder house which they had seen standing near Mr. Whitney's house at the corner of Fay- ette and Pearl streets. This was a brick building about five feet square and eight feet high, and was probably used to store the town's supply of powder. Incidentally, in the course of the meeting, it was intimated that had a powder house early been built in this town, as was voted July 5, 1 77 1, the first seizure made at the Charlestown powder house " might have been " made in Watertown instead. Had the new State House been built here, as was once voted, Watertown " might have been " the Capital of the State. Had the British troops taken this road, instead of through Lexington, as was at first proposed, in Watertown " might have" resounded the shot heard around the world. Alas! Watertown's chaplet of glory is worn by others. She does not aspire to a State House now, but would be satisfied with a new Town Hall. Paul Revere House. Enterprise, Dec. 10, 1897. The " Paul Revere House," as it was called, stood upon Wa- tertown street, near Galen street. A granite memorial placed by the town on the sidewalk of Watertown street indicates the loca- tion as nearly as it can be ascertained. In a chamber of this house Paul Revere is said to have engraved the plates for and printed the colony notes, when, on May 3, 1775, the Provincial Congress, then assembled in the old meeting house, empowered the Treasurer to borrow £100,000 on notes payable two years later, and bearing interest at six per cent. These notes were made in John Cook's house, with whose family several of the officers of the American army boarded during the siege of Boston. The notes were not less than £,i\ in denomination, and, on May 20, Congress ordered the issue of " soldiers' notes," ranging from six to twenty shillings. Revere worked all night so as to finish the notes with despatch. He rendered a bill of £76, 6s. 8d. for this work. After discussion Congress allowed him £50, with which he appears to have been content. He made contracts later for printing notes as required. The Stone Family. Miss Josephine Stone, of Cambridge. The house of Col. Moses Stone, located on the corner of Mount Auburn street and Coolidge avenue, was the abode of hospitality 126 Waiertown's Military History. and centre of social happy life. Col. Stone was called very hand- some, had fair complexion, fine color, beautiful blue eyes, a hand- some mouth and chin ; his smile was lovely, and his teeth white and regular all his days. His wife was strikingly handsome, with rich color, dark hair, brilliant black eyes and a sprightly figure. She dressed very richly. She wore a necklace of large gold beads, a gold locket, gold ear-rings, and gold pin. Her elegant attire and beautiful person made her very much the object ot attention. The Stone families were of English descent in all lines. Col. Stone was very patriotic and of stern and unflinching integrity. He had two slaves, I know not if any more. The last one to live in this house was his son, Capt. Moses Stone, 2**. He was educated for a physician, but the care of his own property demanded most of his time. He served in the Rev- olutionary War, and was a person of undaunted courage and bravery. He owned 6000 acres of land, embracing what is now the town of Jay, Maine; induced settlers to go there and found the town. He died July 25, 1803. The Late Rev. Edward A. Rand. 1837—1903. Cut from the files of the Watertown Tribune-Enterprise., and placed by loving hands upon the concluding page of the scrap book, is an obituary notice of the late Rev. Edward A. Rand. He was born in Portsmouth, N. H., in 1837, and graduated from Bowdoin college in 1857. In 1S63 he graduated from the Bangor Theological School. He served as a Congregational minister in Amesbury, Mass., for two years, and then in South Boston until 1876. He took orders in the Episcopal church in iSSo, and was for a number of years rector of a church in Hyde Park, whence he came to Watertown in 1SS5. He organized here the Church of the Good Shepherd, and here, active in church and town affairs, and busy also as the author of popular books, he spent the balance of a useful life. Story of the Watertown Seal. On the Watertown seal, as has been stated, is a picture of an English Colonist and an Indian exchanging, as peace tokens, bread for fish. Capt. Roger Clap, who landed at Nantasket Point in 1630, and rowed up Charles River to Gerry's Landing with the first party of Watertown Colonists, records the following story of the trip : " We went up Charles River until the river grew narrow and shallow, and there we landed our goods with much labor and toil, the bank being steep and night coming on. " We were informed that there were hard by us three hundred THE TOWN SEAL. Designed bv Charles Bri^ham. Architect. The Scrap Book. 127 Indians. One Englishman that could speak the Indian language (an old Planter) went to them and advised them not to come near us in the night; and they harkened to his counsels, and came not. I myself was one of the sentinels that first night. Our Captain was a Low Country soldier, one Mr. Southcot, a brave soldier. " In the morning some of the Indians came and stood at a dis- tance off, looking at us, but came not near us ; but when they had been a while in view, some of tliem came and held out a great Bass toward us; so we sent a man with a Bisket, and changed the Cake for a Bass. Afterwards they supplied us witir Bass, exchanging a Bass for a Bisket Cake, and were very friendly to us. " O dear children ! Forget not what care God had over his dear servants, to watch over and protect us in our weak beginnings. Capt. Squeb turned ashore us and our goods, like a mercyless man, but God, ever our mercyful God, tQok pity on us; so that we were supplied, first with a boat, and then caused many Indians (some hundreds) to be ruled by the advice of one man not to come near us. Alas, had they come, how soon might they have de- stroyed us ! I think we were not above ten in number. But God caused the Indians to help us with fish at very cheap rates." General Warren in Watertown. A. F. Haynes. Imagine Warren, that radiant-minded patriot, whose immortal words and deeds have been emblazoned in song and story, being designated, by Benjamin Edwards, as " a sappy-headed fellow." Here, in Watertown, in the old meeting house, he received his election, although never formally commissioned, as major-general of the army. He passed the night of June 16th in VVatertown, but the journal shows he was not present at the session of Con- gress on July 17, 1775. In what spot he spent his last night on earth is not positively determined. The historic tablet records that it was in the Marshal Fowle House, then located at the head of what is now Marshall Street, at its junction with Mount Auburn Street ; but the accuracy of this statement has been questioned by some. It is considered possible he lodged that night at Dorothy Coolidge's tavern. Cliarles S. Ensign, in a historical paper, however, makes this statement : " A few rods south of the Coolidge tavern, upon the same side of the road, stood an old house, once the mansion of John Hunt. It was built about i7i5' It was from the windows of this house flashed the light, long past midnight, that told that Adams, Warren and Gerry were in council. Here Maj.-Gen. Joseph Warren lodged, and in the south-west corner room ate his breakfast, June 17, 1775, before going directly to Bunker's Hill, where he gave his life for his country. Before he started he urged upon the ladies of the household to prepare lint and bandages, saying, ' The poor fellows will want them all before night I ' 128 Wateriowfi's Military History. Slowly on horseback he went down the hill to the bridge, but galloped back, and again bade them farewell." Elbridge Gerry, who was his room-mate, states that General Warren was busy with professional duties until late that night, as a physician. The house referred to by Mr. Ensign stood on Galen Street, at a site now occupied by the residence built a number of years ago by the late Frederick Howard. The old house, once adorned with " bulls-eye" windows, was moved back to Water Street, and is now used for tenements. Warren fell, a youthful hero of thirty years, one who had risen, as the historian relates, " from a bare-legged milk-boy to a major- general of the arrny." He died for his country ; and it was sweet, he had said, thus to die. To General Putnam, who offered him the command at Bunker Hill, he said : " I am here only as a volunteer; tell me where the onset will be most furious." His body after some delay was found, and amid the lamentations of a broken-hearted people was buried in the old Granary Burying- ground, near King's Chapel, Boston. In 1S25 it was removed to the Warren tomb, in St. Paul's Church, Boston, where the holy dust reposes. GENERAL WARREN'S MEMORIAL. Tablet at the corner of Mount Auburn and Marsliall Streets, Watertown. THE CIVIL WAR. The War of 1812 was not popular in Massachusetts, and it was mainly to guard its own sea coast that the State called its militia into service. Nor did the War with Mexico, in 1847, '"" terest our people, only one body of troops being sent from Massa- chusetts. Yet those soldiers by their valor won the special com- mendation of Gen. Scott, and a beautiful banner presented to them by him now occupies a prominent position in the Senate reception room at the State House in Boston. There came a time, however, when Massachusetts people were thrilled anew with patriotic fervor and pressed forward speedily into paths of military glory. It was in 1861 when another shot was heard around the world. It was fired by the hand of Trea- son and aimed at Fort Sumter. In premonition of a coming crisis the Sixth Massachusetts Reg- iment met at the American House in Lowell, Jan. 21, 1S61, and "Resolved: That Col. Jones be authorized forthwith to tender the services of the Sixth Regiment to the Commander-in-Chief and Legislature when such services may become desirable for the purposes contemplated in General Order No. 4." Order No. 4 covered the use of the militia outside of the State in case of a rebellion against the United States. On April 15, 1861, the Sixth Regiment was ordered to Wash- ington. It started April 17, leaving Boston at 7 p-M- via the Boston & Albany Railroad. Just before the starting Gov. An- drew, at the State House, presented a flag to Col. Edward F. Jones, who responded : " So help me God, I will never disgrace it." The cheering by great crowds of citizens, and the ringing of bells and firing of cannon formed an enthusiastic farewell as the regiment left Boston. At every station along the route people gathered to bid the soldiers hearty " God-speed ! " The regiment went to be baptized with fire and blood in Baltimore, and was the first armed body of troops to enter Washington in response to President Lincoln's call. Among the crowd gathered at the Newton station, the night of that memorable April 17, were many of the officials and citizens of Watertown. "Why can't we raise a company?" asked a Watertown man, Samuel F. Stearns, addressing Luke Perkins, one of the select- men, with whom he was returning homeward after the Sixth Regiment had departed. The cry became universal. A town meeting was held one week later, at which after fervid addresses enlistment papers were opened and a company was formed. The formal action of the town at its numerous town meetings held between April 33, 1S61, and March 6, 1S65, is given in regular order. CIVIL WAR RECORDS. On Tuesday, April 23, 1861, a special town meeting was held, opening at 6 p.m. the following being the only article in the war- rant, except that for choosing a moderator : " Art. 2. To grant such sums of money as may be thought necessary for the equipment of those persons in this town who are enlisting into the service of the United States, and for the sup- port of their families during their term of service, or act thereon." Joshua Coolidge, Jeremiah Russell and Francis Kendall signed the warrant as selectmen. It was an exciting meeting, presided over by one of Water- town's brightest and best citizens. Miles Pratt, as moderator. The town clerk, William H. Ingraham, recorded the action taken as follows : " Upon assuming the chair the moderator addressed the citizens in an earnest and patriotic speech, which was cordially received by the meeting, showing that the spirit which animated the Fathers of Watertown in 177^5 still glowed in the bosoms of their sons." Under Art. 2, the following preamble and resolutions were submitted, and after soul-stirring remarks by the clergymen, and other citizens of the town, were unanimously adopted : " Whereas, treason is rampant in a part of the land, our national flag dishonored and the existence of our Government threatened by armed and imscrupulous rebels, and it is therefore the duty of every community in this ancient Commonwealth to do whatsoever it is able to do for the preservation of our glorious Union ; and whereas an effort is now made to enroll in the militia of this State a company of volunteers composed of citizens of Watertown, and it is the earnest desire of the town to encourage the performance of (his patriotic duty, therefore, '• Voted : That the Town ofWatertown pledges its faith to each and all of the persons who now are, or hereafter shall become members of the volunteer company now being recruited within its limits, to support the families of all such persons of said company as shall be actually mustered into service and shall be inhabitants of the Town. " Voted : That the Treasurer of the town be, and he is hereby authorized to borrow on the credit of the town the sum of five thousand dollars, to be appropriated under the direction of the Selectmen for the purposes specified in the preceding vote. "Voted: That the Selectmen be authorized to apply so much of the above-named sum to the immediate support of such of the The Civil War. 131 families of the members of said company as in their judgment may be required. "Voted: That if said Company shall within one month from this date be accepted by the Govern.or and enrolled in the militia of this State, either as a detached company or as a part of any existing regiment, the town will pay to each member of said company, so enrolled and accepted, the sum of thirty dollars, as a bounty, the said amount to be paid, under the direction of the Selectmen, out of the money to be borrowed by the Treasurer for that purpose. "Voted : That all persons, inhabitants of this town who have already joined other volunteer companies, shall be within the provisions of the above votes, in the same manner as if they had joined the company now in process of formation." At a town meeting held June 11, 1861, it was voted "that the sum of fourteen hundred dollars be granted to pay for clothing for the volunteers who have been enrolled in the town." Then the committee on enrollment of the above company re- ported " that the sum of money which had been so liberally sub- scribed by patriotic citizens of Watertown was exhausted, and that from some unavoidable delay on the part of the State, the company, although uniformed and officered, had not been called into camp." Whereupon it was voted informally "that it is the sense of this meeting and the desire of this town that the company shall be sustained and paid until July first, and that the committee be requested to ask of the citizens an increase of their subscription to meet the necessar}^ expense." Some of the citizens who were present promptly came forward and subscribed ; others assured the committee of their cordial support and aid whenever wanted or called upon. On March 3, 1862, the following officers were elected : Select- men, Nathaniel Whiting, John G. Gooch and George H. Sleeper; Treasurer, Samuel Noyes ; Clerk, William H. Ingraham. The total of appropriations was $15,057, alloted in part as fol- lows: schools, $4950 ; highways, $1000; support of poor, $850; fire department, $Soo ; paying town debt, $2000; interest, etc., $2500; contingent, $1200 ; families of volunteers, $Soo. At a meeting held March 24, George W. Horn wps elected as selectman, in place of Nathaniel Whiting, who had declined to serve. A special town meeting held July 10, 1S62, was graced with the presence of Capt. Sawyer of Company H, Twenty-third Regiment, who had lost a leg in battle. He was invited, on mo- tion of James Sharp, to a seat on the platform and was given three rousing cheers. At this meeting it was voted to pay the sum of $75 '^s a bounty to each and every person who should volunteer and be accepted, under the Governor's call of July 7. This was to be raised by subscription as far as possible, the balance to be paid by the 132 Watertown's Military History. Town. Patriotic remarks were made by Mr. Trull, Capt. Saw" yer and others. One week later, at an adjourned town meeting, the bounty was raised to $100. On August 25, 1S63, the town voted to pay the sum of $5100 to the fifty -one men who had been enrolled as the quota of the town. The President's call for 300,000 men led to a town meeting on Sept. 13, 1S63, when a bounty of $100 was voted to every volun- teer who should form one of the town's quota. Sept. 17, 1S63, the bounty was increased to $150. The free use of the Town Hall, two evenings each week, was granted to the drill club. At a Selectmen's meeting of Oct. 14, 1862, eleven volunteers were transfered to Brighton, there being a surplus over and above the number called for from Watertown. The Selectmen of Brighton signed an obligation to return to Watertown the whole number or such as might be needed to meet later demands upon this town for men for the service of the General Government. On Nov, 4, 1862, the Town Treasurer was authorized to pay a bounty of $100 to each of those persons from this town who had enlisted in the Navy of tiie United States. In response to a request of Charles F. Blake, Major and Provost Marshal General for the State, under date of Dec. 9, 1862, the Watertown Selectmen set forth the following facts : ''One company left this town July 2, 1S61, consisting of lOi men. "Under the call of July 7, 1863, we enlisted and paid bounties to 36 men, making a total of 137 three years' men. " Paid the first company bounties $2550 " Paid July 2, 1S62, men 3600 " Bounties to 3 years' men. Total $6150 " There were seven men from this town, who enlisted for three years' service in other towns, who did not receive any bounty from us. "■ Enlisted in this town for the 9 months' service, 67. " Amount of bounties to 9 months' men, $9750. " The remainder of our 9 months' men were enlisted in other towns and companies and we did not pay them any bounty. " Paid for board, uniforms and wages to the first company before the men were received into the service of the United States . . . . ■ $5178.30 '^ Expensesof recruiting men under call of July 7, 1S62, ii9-75 $5398.05 " Paid by other associations 671.00 The Civil War. 133 "We have not included in the last item the assistance rendered by the different sewing societies, who aided in preparing tlie out- fit for the companies." At the annual meeting held March 9, 1S63, the Selectmen were authorized to use their own judgment in supplying additional aid to the families of volunteers. The matter of bounties was also refered to the Selectmen. Joshua Coolidge, George W. Horn and George H. Sleeper were elected as Selectmen. Mr. Coolidge declined to serve, and Artemas Locke was chosen instead. On June 18, 1S63, the Town Treasurer was authorized to ad- just with the State the balance of bounties, due from or to the town, as the case might be, under the " Act to provide for the reimburse- ments of bounties paid to volunteers," as approved April 29, 1S63. " Voted that the Selectmen, Board of Fire Engineers and the Officers of the Drill Club be a committee of arrangements to re- ceive Company K, Fifth Regiment, Capt. Joseph Crafts, and ten- der them a welcome home; and that all the soldiers connected with any other company or regiment, who have returned from the war, be included in this reception ; that a sum not exceeding $400 be appropriated to defray the expenses of the recejotion." The town meeting of Nov. 3, 1S63, authorized the Treasurer to borrow not exceeding $4000, to pay sundry individuals the sums which were loaned to the town to pay volunteers. On Nov. 19, 1863, the town appointed a rallying committee to cooperate with the Selectmen in filling the town's quota. These were selected : John K. Stickney, Miles Pratt, Leonard Whitney, jr., Patrick Doherty, Luke Perkins, Peter Richardson, J. W. Coffin, Thos. N. Hooper, Thos. G. Banks, Hiram Whitney. The Selectmen were authorized to draw from the contingent fund $150 as a bounty for each recruit. The following were ap- pointed as a committee to solicit subscriptions to make up a fur- ther sum of $50 for each volunteer: Nathaniel Whiting, William G. Lincoln, Delano March, Joseph Crafts and John K. Stickney. The town meeting of Feb. 9, 1S64, authorized the Treasurer to borrow not exceeding $1500, to defray the expenses of filling the town's quota. The same committee was requested to continue its work of recruiting soldiers. The meeting of March 3, 1864, elected for Selectmen : George B. Wilbur, Joshua G. Gooch and Thomas N. Hooper. George L. Noyes was chosen Town Clerk. The call for 200,000 men March 14, 1864, was the cause of a town meeting held April 4, 1S64. It was voted: "That the town appropriate the sum of $7000 for the purpose of reimburs- ing the subscribers to the fund in aid of recruiting, the amount expended by them in procuring volunteers under the call of the President for 500,000 men, and also to pay the expense of raising the quota, of the town under the last call for 200,000 men." At the town meeting held June 24, 1864, the Selectmen were instructed to secure recruits in anticipation of a future call by the 134 Waierlown's Military History. President, and that they solicit subscriptions sufficient to pay each recruit a bounty of $125. The Selectmen were also made a com- mittee of arrangements and directed to raise by subscription money to meet the expense of a reception to Company K, Sixteenth Reg- iment, on its return from the war. On July 23, 1S64, the town voted a bounty of $125 to each re- cruit, under the call for 500,000 men, who belonged to the town's quota. " Voted, That the Selectmen be authorized to pay each en- rolled man who shall put in a substitute, to count on the town's quota, $125, provided this payment can be made legally. "Voted, That the Selectmen be authorized to pay the sum of $125 to any man who may be drafted and credited to the town under the last call for 500,000 men ; the payment to be made when the Selectmen are satisfied of the legality of such a course." On Dec. 10, 1864, the town appointed a committee of three: George N. March, William Sherman, Jr. and John W. Coffin, " to solicit subscriptions to a loan to the town for the purpose of recruiting men in anticipation of another call for men, all sums so subscribed to be paid back to subscribers, in whole or in part, to the extent of the legal ability of the town." It was voted "to continue the present recruiting committee; also to request such enrolled men as think they are not liable to be drafted to appear before the examining board, and if not liable to have their names stricken from the list." At the town meeting of March 6, 1S65, it was voted: " That the Treasurer be authorized to borrow money sufficient to pay a bounty of $125 to each recruit enlisted and credited to the town's quota, under the call of the President of the United States for 300,000 men, dated Dec. 19, 1864." 500.000 MORE AUIN! NO WATERING Let WatertowD respoad as she has ever done, and thereby secure a position more en- viable than e>er. i£^ One more Bally, und do mor<? Drafting,', With the Liberal Boutin ofert^ no one can be disatiffied. From the ^tate $32^,00 From the Goyernment - - - - <$t{402,00 Total- • - - - - - - $727,0a FOR NITW PLECRTJITS. Wrom the Stat* - $325,00 Wtom the OoTenmeat -------... . 30a,00 Ti»t»I ---fGlBT^OO AND STATE AID TO FAMILIES. Or, ifyoa ftrf 6t t» take the FIFTY DOIXARt^ BOIJNTT, and 9*0 per Moatk, yoa will get ia^ STATE Bomrrr » - » - ----------..»._. 9770.00 aovBOuraiEVT pa's* -...-..-.-........ >49aiOo Total, exclnstve of Clothing, Bcg^ ••->--•.>.>■.. ^740.00' HBXir BBCRUXTS ^Tlll recelTe open tlia mine prinotyto ->■•«••■•> HMHI-OO Comv then Tonng Men of Watertown, join Uw ;^liint host wfakJi hw s abeadj gstkerad, ami hetf tike Gmad Armj in' crmehing Ihc traitors or our t'ountrr. FRANK W. HILTOI^, Captain imh Regt. Mass. Volunteers, Recruiting Officei. SOLDIERS OF THE CIVIL WAR. At the date of the opening of the Civil War, in 1861, Water- town had been shorn of a great proportion of its original territoiy, the latest loss having been the setting off of all that portion lying north of Belmont street, 1446 acres, to form the town of Belmont. This was consummated in 1S59, after years of vigorous agitation and wordy debate, and it left the town about the size it is now, in 1907. Its population was, in 1S60, 3270, which had increased in 1S65 to 3779. Its area was slightly under 2700 acres, of which less than 2050 acres were taxable. In June, i860, the valuation was $2,597,800; number of polls, 769; total tax, $19,338.10, and tax rate $7 per $1000. In the next five years, in spite of the heavy drain on its resources, and the bitter loss of its youthful citizens who answered to the call of Duty, it became a quarter of a million dollars richer. The first list of its soldiers which follows was prepared from the records at the town's request by William H. Ingraham, who for a quarter-century served as town clerk, as well as acting as assessor and in other official capacities. He was a high-minded, honorable and cherished citizen. Camp White, in Watertown, to which he refers in opening, was located on the southerly side of Main street, a short distance above Howard street in the direc- tion of Waltham, a broad, open field just west of premises occu- pied by Mr, Lathrop. For their " rations," which while they re- mained encamped in Watertown were really three good square meals a day, they marched down Main street to the Spring Hotel, then in its full glory, and run by mine host Samuel L. Batchelder. It was nice to be a soldier under such conditions, very attrac- tive and alluring, especially so to the young men of the town. Camp Cameron, to which the company went from here, was in North Cambridge, near what was then known as Porter's sta- tion. There the young volunteers were given good training and were mustered into the service of the United States. SOLDIERS' RECORD, TOWN OF WATERTOWN, By William H. Ingraham, Town Clerk. ROLL OF HONOR. As the record I am about to make agreeably to the Statute of this Commonwealth, may be examined by coming generations anxious to know who might be entitled to have their names en- tered upon this " Roll of Honor," I will make such explanation as to me seems desirable, for a perfect understanding of all mat- ters relating thereunto. At the opening of the Rebellion the loyal citizens of Watertown felt it incumbent upon them to take such measures as they deemed meet and proper to aid the General Government to sustain the institutions of our Fathers and to crush this iniquitous Rebellion, not only by word and vote, but by the more powerful weapons of war. They accordingly met, as the reader may see by referring to the town records of that date (April 33, 1 861), and took such steps as led to the organization of a military company which was duly organized May 5, 1861, and which went into camp at "■ Camj) White," Watertown, on the first of June. It was accepted by the Governor and ordered to report at " Camp Cameron " on the 2d of July following, at which date it was mustered into the service of the United States for three years or during the war. Uniforms for both officers and men were furnished by liberal citizens and the town, and the expenses of drill and organization were paid; also a bount}' of $30 to each of the volunteers, in addition to the other expenses incurred. I shall therefore enter upon the Roll all of the names of that com- pany with their respective places of residence, whether they com- posed the quota of this town or not, and also all of those who responded at the subsequent call of our country, but I shall index those only who as far as I shall be able to ascertain went to com- pose the quota of our town. This company was attached to the i6th Regiment, commanded by Col. Powell T. Wyman, of Boston, and was entitled " Com- pany K." Commanding Officers : Captain, Henry C. Lindley, Watertown. First Lieutenant, Stephen E. Meserve, " Second Lieutenant, Frank W. Hilton, " (who was promoted to First Lieutenant of Company D, Sept. 28, 1 86 1, and John Eaton, South Reading, was commissioned Sept. 28, 1861.) Sergeants : Charles E. Clark, Waltham. Samuel F. Stearns, Lynn, resided in Watertown. Jonas F. Capell, Lexington, color bearer. Charles F. Coburn, Watertown. Thomas C. Norcross, " "THE SPRING HOTEL." WATERTOWN, IN 1907. Where Co. K was boarded bv the Town, in 1861, for one month. Until 1890, a large open yard, sheds and stable were at the right ot Building. The Civil War. 137 Corporals : Theodore Waters, E. Cambridge. Joseph D. Rupp, Watertown. Philip H. King, Watertown. E. A. King, Mathias Brigham, Natick. John N. Farwell, Bolton. Asa D. Smith, " George E. Adams, Newton. Privates Atwood, Samuel S. Bright, Gilbert Bright, Joseph Bridges, Charles H. Benton, Perrin Bean, Edwin . Brooman, Geo. H. Brown, Charles E. Bradley, James E. Cushman, Horace W Cole, Ralph . . Colligan, John H. Cummings, Andrew, Corrigan, Joseph . Craigen, George F. Dolofi; Benj. W. . Doloff, John E. . Doherty, John . . Engley, George Eldridge, William E. Flynn, Cornelius J. Freeman, Joseph . Flohr, Andrew . . Franklin, Samuel . Harned, David Harrington, Herman Harrison, James R. Holbrook, John G. Hanford, George C. Hancock, Charles Kenny, Patrick Kearney, James Keyes, Sylvester W. Knott, George . . Keleher, J. . . . Keating, Daniel Lyman, William H. Lyman, Edward . Lord, Eben N. Leaverton, James W Luker, J. ... Mansir, John H. . Jr P. Taunton. Watertown. Holbrook, N. Natick. W. Roxbury. Watertown. E. Braintree. Turner, Me. Lexington. Watertown. Cambridge. Boston. Watertown. Wrentham. Watertown. Newton. Waltham. u Watertown. ;( Cambridge. Watertown. Waltham. Watertown. Natick. Watertown. Newton. Brighton. Watertown. H. ^3^ Watei'town's Military History. Mackin, James E, Miller, Henry I. . Miller, Charles A. Morse, Charles A. Morse, George F. . McGonnigal, Barney McCoolift; Patrick Mullaney, Mathew Murphy, Daniel Mullen, David . . Manchester, G. D. Nichols, Abram G. Qiielter, John . Richardson, Charles Robbins, George, Jr, Risley, George W. Risley, Chester Rodman, John . Rood, J. L. Sanderson, Horace Sanderson, Henry Sanger, Wm. H. . Smith, Gregg . . Smith, James H. . Sumner, Allison R. Swinburn, Samuel Sharp, James E. . Shattuck, Amory N. Sherman, Robert . Smith, John J. . Smith, Joshua . Sullivan, Dennis . Stacey, Albert H. Tainter, George W. Thompson, C. H. Tibbetts, N. D. . Whitemarsh, Thomas Ward, John N. Webb, J. A. . , Worth, Alonzo K. Wright, Frank Whittemore, George H. Watson, Joseph Watertown. Natick. Waltham. Ashby. Waltham. Cambridge. Burlington. Waltham. Littleton. Water to w^n. Waltham. Ludlow. Waltham. Watertown. Natick. Watertown. Natick. Waltham. Cambridge. Watertown. Northboro. Charlestown. Waltham. Newton. East Bridgewater. Watertown. Natick. Watertown. Cambridge. Added to the company after the regiment left the State, and returned by the commanding officer : Cullen, Michael .... Boston. Gorson, Elijah Lexington. Lamoine, John .... Watertown. The Civil War. 139 Moore, Peter Watertown. O'Brien, Thomas .... " Pratt, James R Boston. Rev. Arthur B. Fuller of Watertown received the appointment of Chaplain, and was with the regiment up to the battle of Fredricksburg, Va., when having ;-esigned his position of Chap- lain on the morning of that battle he took a gun and entered the ranks as a private, was among the first that volunteered to cross over the river to the attack, and fell shot dead, in the street ol' Fredericksburg. His body was recovered and was brought home to his friends, and was buried in Mt. Auburn by the side of his relatives. On July 7, 1S62, a call came for 300,000 men. Watertown's quota was 36 men. One hundred dollars bounty was paid. Pomeroy, Alonzo Watertown. Co. G. 39th Reg't. Hutchins, Samuel W. " " " Ham, Henry W. " Serg't " " Whitney, John " " " Thomas, Orson C. " " " Delany,Jack " tc u Corser, Wm. H. " " " Skeele, Milo B. " Woodbury, William H. " Serg't. Madden, Washington, South Randolph Goodwin, Geo. H. " " Hayden, Z. M. " " Hyland, Wm. Watertown. Spaulding, Charles A. " Bright, Willard " Broderick, James (( O'Hare, Patrick (( Adams, Joseph '(( Cochran, George Boston. Mills, Palemon C. Watertown. 33d Reg't. Sheahan, Thomas u 35th (( Mellen, William South Boston. u C( Chapman, Charles H. Watertown. u (( Haggerty, Daniel u (( (( West, Wm. W. (( Co. B. 33d (( McCuen, Parker (( (( u (( Donnally, John (( u (( (( Crompton, John (( (; (( (( McKinley, John (( (( u (( Evers, Emile (t 35th (« Gotleib, Joseph (( Serg't. (( u McNeil, Thomas (( (( (( 140 Waterto'wn''s Military History. Pickney, Edward N. Watertown. Serg't. 35tli Regt. Hogan", Wm. H. " u t< . t^ Atkins, Robert " " " Davison, John " " " The above were mustered at " Camp Stanton," Lynnfield. The following names are residents of Watertown who volun- teered for three years service and went into other companies, but were allowed on the next call for 300,000 men : Babcock, Rufus Co. H. i6th. Rogers, Terence Co. I. (( Rogers, Hugh (( t( Rogers, Patrick (( 4. Atcherson, Johnson (( .( Severance, Augustus 2d Cav. Bernard, John F. U (( Howard, George R. 99th N. Y. Sherman, Charles F. Nim's Battery. King, Phineas F. (( u White, Wm. G. Co. A. i6th. Jackson, Charles Co. C. 13th. Jackson, Wm. H. (( Trull, E. J. Co. A, nth. Conly, John New Orleans, with Butler. Crotty, Patrick Co. I. 23d Reg't. Brigham, Edwin H. Co. A. 13th " Norcross, Elijah Co. L. 14th " Craig, Harrison J. Co. G. 7th Battery Lt. Art. Dowling, Wm. (( 32d Reg't. Ireland, Raselas 14th " Hempstead, Rev. Henry A. Chaplain 29th " Rouse, Edward S. St. Louis. Wilkins, Henry A. 3oth " Noyes, Samuel G. Sharp ! Shooters, 40th Reg't Johnson, Wm. H. Rhode Island Reg't. Klouse, Adolphus 5th Battery. Dimon, Owen 30th Reg't. Howard, Charles 14th " Hutchinson, James 2d • " Warren, Michael 9th Reg't. Grey, Hugh 38th " Childs, James B. July 29, , 1862. Co. A, 1 2th Reg August 4th, 1862, call for 300,000 men. Nine months. Boun- ty, $150. Names of Watertown men in Co. K, 5th Regiment : Crafts, Joseph Ireland, Edward Osburn, Ira J. Jones, William Carter, John H. Kennedy, James Baldwin, Wm. F. Lindley, Austin The Civil War. 141 Brigham, Charles Boyce, Jacob G. Adams, Charles Lyman, Joseph Dexter, George A. Blanchard, James H. Burns, Patrick Bent, Judson DeVVyre, Andrew Dardis, Thomas Dunn, James Ellis, James A. Foster, Charles Howes, Micajah Hill, Charles F. Harrington, George E. Wilson, James Ober, Oliver M. Hilton, Charles C. Horn, George W. Jr. Nichols, George C. Otis, Ward M. Ober, Peter A. Pond, John A. Priest, Charles H. Rosebrook, Seldon H. Russell, Jeremiah, Jr. Sibley, Mark N. Sanger, Charles E. Stanley, John S. Tyghe, Joseph G. Toole, Patrick Wilson, Daniel A. Derby, Amos L. Otis, Horace W. Stackpole, Edwin A. Rhoades, George L. Pendergast, Thomas Howard, F. A. Richardson, Edward Watertown men in other commands : Co. B, 44th Reg't. Tilton, Daniel P. Sylvester, J. W. Fields, C. S. Treadwell, Henry S. Hutchins, Frank S. Chant, Frank D. Booth, George W. Greenwood, Lemuel Degan, Chas. F. Miller, Charles Bodge, Samuel D. Coffin, Franklin Patten, Thomas H. Robbins, James A. Learned, Frank S. Pierce, Henry T. Wilkins, Joseph G. Day,J. L. Hartford, John W. Hawes, Daniel C. Kearney, James Christian, Henry W. Priest, George E. Co. A, 47th " nth Battery Lt. Art. U fc( I; U Jones' Battery. Co. E, 50th Reg't. Assistant in Hospital. Conn. Reg't. Co. E, 44th Reg't. Co. A, " " 47th Co. B, 43d Co. H, 53d RECRUITING COMMITTEE'S REPORT. The serious period in a prolonged v/ar comes when the first bright flush of enthusiasm has been darkened by stories of harsh service, bloodshed, death and defeat on the field of battle. So it was that after Watertown had sent forth many of its finest young men, and there still came repeated calls for further reinforcements, it became necessary to adopt strenuous measures to fill the town's quotas. Bounties were increased and additional inducements ofi'ered to attract new recruits. Some of the enrolled citizens were so enchained by family ties, or business cares, as to render it very difficult, if not almost impossible, for them to enlist ; while a few had conscientious scruples in regard to shedding the life-blood of others, or losing their own. These seciu^ed substitutes as a sort of vicarious sacrifice ; for a Nation's life must be preserved at all hazards, and it must needs be that a draft should. come. On the iSth day of July, 1S64, President Lincoln issued a call for 500,000 men, which after allowing for various credits in military service concluded as follows : " And I hereby proclaim, order, and direct, that immediately after the fifth day of September, being fifty days from the date of this call, a draft for troops to serve one year shall be held in every town, township, ward of a city, precinct, election district, or a count}' not so sub-divided, to fill the quota, which shall be as- signed to it under this call, or any part thereof which may be un- filled by volunteers on the said fifth day of September, 1S64." (Signed) Abraham Lincoln. Watertown appointed a Recruiting Committee to fill its quota under this call. From a printed report made by this committee the following facts appear : Of the list of enrolled men, 204 agreed to pay the assessment of $40 each, levied on them by the Recruiting Committee. 168 men paid $40 each ----- $6,720 5 " " 20 " 100 I " " 25 " 35 I " " 30 " 30 10 furnished substitutes. 19 uncollected. $6,875 204 Subscriptions from other sources, $3,600. 50. 50. 60. 50. LAST CALL BEFORE THE DRAFT Will you enlist, and receive the following liberal Bounty and Pay, or- be conscripted and receive thirteen dollars per month? You can have your choice of any Regiment of Infantry, Cavalry, or. Light Battery of Aiiillery now in the field. DECIDE IMMEDIATELY! Take this last chance, and do not risk uncertainties! Read the' following liberal and bona-fide offers for Volunteers.: VETEiAHS. 1 Month's advance pay, . . . . $13. Bounty . 62. — 75. First pay-day Bounty, 50. 2 Month's pay, 26. — 76. At first regular pay-day after 6 month's service, 50. " 1 year's (« «( « t( 11 <c <C t( *t *i O (< (( (t 4( (( ni -ii At the expiration of 3 years, to any Soldier who may be honorably discharged, . . . 40. EAW eEOEilTS. Pirst payment, same as veterans, . . . 75. Pirst regular pay-day, 40. First regular pay-day after 6 month's service, 40. " 1 year's " 40. (( u it a 11 (( a Af\ it « « a n (< (( AC\ (( « « a o « « AC\ jg^^-In addition to the above, the State of Massachusetts pays $325. l}ounty, making the whole bounty TO VETERANS, . $725.00 TO RAW RECRUITS, . 625.00 STATE AID TO FAIHIIiIES. RECETJITnsrG OFFICE TOWIi MALL, . . . WATEifOWN. Captain JOSEPH CEAFTS, Eecruiting Agent. CAJiKINS & aOODWIN. Printers, 138 Washington Street, (up stairs,.) Sostpn. The Civil War. 143 " Three thousand dollars have also been deposited by the Town Treasurer with the State authorities, for the purpose of recruiting in the Southern States, which will entitle the town to 24 recruits, if successful. As far as reported by the Board of Enrollment, about 10 per cent, have already been secured." Fearing that, owing to the advanced price of recruits, an insuf- ficient amount had been subscribed, supplementary subscriptions w^ere made, amounting to $3,336. Fortunately, the committee was able to save the town from a draft, and still refund to sub- scribers 80 per cent, of these supplementary subscriptions. Amount received from enrolled men - - - - $6,875 Subscriptions from other sources ----- 3,660 Amount received from town ------ 5'°°'^ Collected of supplemental subscriptions - - - 2,665 $18,190 Paid for recruits and substitutes $i5'955 Refunded to supplemental subscribers - - - 2,235 $18,190 Names of enlisted men : John Connelly, re-enlisted 3 years in N. O., 3d Mass. Cavalry. A. A. Spencer, Invalid Corps, 3 years. Nathan S. Kemp, 39th Mass. Reg't. i year. John Whitney, " " " " Henry Richards, 4th Mass. Cavalry, 3 years. Thomas Donlan, 2d Mass. Cav., 3 years. George W. Farrell, 2d Mass. Hv. Art., 3 years. The following enlisted at the Arsenal, for 3 years : Cornelius Lynch Joseph M. Burns John Dunn James Dunn Joseph Young John Downey Edward Kenney The following enlisted in Washington, for 3 years : William Anne William Clusky Daniel W. Frazer John Vaughan James Holden Charles Rinehart James Baker William Brown James Miller John T. Johnson Bernard Lyons John Ellis Robert Johnson C. E. W. Lav^^son George T. Carter Robert Morton John Morly William Parker Patrick Murphy John Carroll William Holland John Taylor Joseph Vinton, jr. E. F. Scruton Patrick McNeil Timothy McGuire Charles C. Johnson 144 Water towjt's Military History. Names of substitutes furnished to serve 3 years : Vincennes xVndalacia William Fitzgerald John Smith Frank M'Gloin John Burke John McGinley Louis JMonplaisir Frank Harris Antonio Silver Jeremiah Cooney Substitutes to serve i year : Frederick Hankin Alexander McDougal Recapitulation : Over on previous calls --- y Assigned from Navy claim ------- 7 Number enlisted ---- ^i Substitutes furnished ----12 Number assigned from State, being our portion of Navy men credited to State at large - - 30 97 Our quota assigned --------94 Leaving surplus The report concludes with a list of 440 enrolled men of Water- town, as it stood Nov. i, 1S64, giving the name, age and occupa- tion of each man; but says that a large number of these names should be struck oft' for various reasons, the revision and correc- tion of lists being a continuous duty. It also expresses a hope that such of the enrolled men as were able to, but did not, con- tribute toward the fund raised to fill the present quota would respond promptly in case of another call. The succeeding Springtime brought the dawn of Peace, aftei four troubled years of warfare, and there was little real military service performed by this last quota of Watertown soldiers, al- though most of the men had enlisted to serve for three years. The names of the Recruiting Committee were as follows: Luke Perkins, George N. March, secretary and treasurer; George K. Snow, A. L. Richards, S. H. Rosebrook and A. Lewando. Mr. Richards, residing in Watertown, and Mr. March, a resi- dent of Newton, are the only survivors of that efficient committee. CIVIL WAR SERVICE. The following military record includes a list of the principal officers of the various regiments and other bodies of troops with which Watertown men were connected, and a brief sketch of the services rendered. The names of soldiers given represent those who formed a part of the several quotas furnished by Watertown, and also those who were born in this town, or who claimed Watertown as their place of residence. The committee was fortunate in securing the aid of the late Willie M. Russell, who had served in the United States Navy during the Spanish War, to whom was committed the task of delving into the Town and State archives in quest of military names and records. It was slow, laborious work, faithfully en- gaged in, but ere it was finished, and the material in readiness to be printed, Mr. Russell died. Capt. William H. Benjamin, a member of the committee, freely cooperated with Mr. Russell in securing, and systematizing the record of regimental and individual service of those who bore an honorable part in the Civil War and the recent War with Spain. Certain facts in relation to some soldiers can only be obtained at Washington. These, as far as they pertained to Watertown men, it was impossible to secure. Still the following detailed story is believed to be in the main correct, and it is certainly credit- able to Watertown. First Regiment Infantry (3 yrs). Robert Cowdin, Colonel . . May 22, 1861, Boston. GeorgeD. Wells, Lieut. Colonel, "' " " " Charles Peleg Chandler, Major " " " " Richard H. Salter, Surgeon . " 30, " " Samuel A. Green, Asst. Surgeon " 25, " " The several companies composing this regiment were mustered into service, as follows : Companies A, B, G and H, May 23, 1861 ; D, F, K, and I, May 24; E, May 25; and C, May 27. The regiment left for the seat of war June ic;, 1861. It marched through Baltimore on the 17th, being the first regiment which passed through that city after the attack made on tim Sixth Regi- ment the 19th of April, 1S61. The regiment arrived in Washing- ton that afternoon, and went into camp at Georgetown, June 21. It was mustered out May 25, 1864. It took part in the following engagements : First Bull Run, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair 146 Watertown's Military History. Oaks, Savage Station, Glendale, Malvern Hill, Kettle Run, Sec- ond Bull Run, Chantilly, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Get- tysburg, Locust Grove, Wilderness, and Spotsylvania. John O. Bacon. Res. Roxbury; age, 35; b. Watertown ; private Co. K; M. I. July 31, 1S62 ; M. O. May 25, 1S64, ex. of ser. Second Regiment Infantry (3 yrs). George H. Gordon, Colonel . May 24, 1861, Boston. George L. Andre w^, Lt. Colonel '' " " " Wilder D wight. Major ... " " " " Lucius M. Sargent, Surgeon . " 28 " " Alonzo H. Quint, Chaplain . June 20 " West Roxbury. Charles Wheaton, Jr., Adjutant, May 28 " Roxbury. R. Morris Copeland, Qiiartermaster, May 28, 1861, Boston. This regiment was recruited in May, 1861, and mustered into service May 11. It left the State July 8, and proceeded to Mary- land, where it was on duty until December, 1861. It was mus- tered out of service July 14, 1S65, at Capitol Hill, Washington. The regiment was paid in full at Readville, Mass., after four years, two months and three days of varied military service. It took part in the following engagements : Jackson, Winchester, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Resaca, Peach Tree Creek, Raleigh, Front Royal, Cedar Mountain, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Ken- esaw Mountain, Atlanta and Averysborough. James Hutchinson. Res. Boston (.''); aged 35 ; clerk; enl. Co. I, Aug. 9, 1862; cr. So. Boston; re-enl. at Elk River, Tenn., Dec. 30, 1863; wounded at Averysborough, N. C. ; disch. from Hospital at Worcester, Mass., July 28, 1S65. (Town Clerk In- graham claimed the residence as Watertown.) Henry O. Madden, farmer; res. Watertown; priv. Co. F; enl. May 22, i86r ; b. Qiuncy, 111.; disch. April 22, 1863, for disability ; fracture of bone of right foot, while on duty. Henry Murray, transferred from the 33d inf. June ist 1S65 ; M. O. July 14, 1865. (See 33d inf.) TJiird Battalion Rifles (3 months). Charles Devens, Major, Worcester. John M. Goodhue, Adjutant, " James E. Estabrook, Qiiartermaster, Worcester. Oramel Martin, Surgeon. George T. White, Quartermaster Sergeant. This battalion, consisting of four companies, left Worcester on the afternoon of April 20, 1S61, and arrived at Annapolis, Md., on the morning of the 24th. It was ordered to Fort McHenry, Baltimore harbor, which was reached by transport on the morn- ing of May 3, 1S61, and it remained there until the end of its The Civil War, 147 term of service. The battalion completed the number of three months' men called for by the Government, which consisted of five regiments of Infantry, one battalion of Rifles, and one battery of Artillery. George R. Howard. Res. Watertown; age, 19; enl. Co. D, April 19, 1S61 ; M. I. May 19, 1861 (to date from enlistment) ; M. O. August 3, 1861. (See Co. K, 99th N. Y. Inf.) Fifth Regiment Infantty (3 months). Samuel C. Lawrence, Colonel, Medford. J. Durrell Green, Lt. " Cambridge. Hamlin W. Keyes, Major, Boston. Thomas O. Barre, Adjutant, Cambridge. Joseph E. Billings, Quartermaster, Boston. Samuel H. Hurd, Surgeon, Charlestown. Benjamin F. De Costa, Chaplain, Charlestown. The Fifth received orders to report Friday, April 19, 1S61. It was ready to go forward the next day, but was detained until Sunday morning, April 21, when it started for Annapolis, Md. Notwithstanding the early hour, thousands were on the streets to witness its departure. It arrived at Annapolis on the morning of April 24. The next day the regiment was ordered to Washing- ton, where it was quartered in the Treasury Building. On the i6th of July the regiment was put in General Franklin's Brigade. It bore an honored part in the battle of Bull Run, which was fought on the 21st of July, exactly three months from the day on which the regiment left Boston. The regiment left Washington July 28, and arrived in Boston on the 30th, having been in the service three months and seven days. Its reception in Boston was worthy of its military record. Falemon Charles Mills. Res. Watertown ; age, 26 ; pri- vate, Co. E; enl. April 16, 1861 ; M. I. May i, 1861 ; M. O. July 31, 1861. (See Co. B, 33d Inf.) Fifth Regiment Infantry (9 months). George H. Pierson, Colonel, Salem. John T. Boyd, Lt. " Charlestown. William E. C. Worcester, Major, Marlboro. William Ingalls, Surgeon, Winchester. William T. Eustis, 3d, Adjutant, Charlestown. George A. Norton, Qiiartermaster, Boston. William F. Snow, Chaplain, Somerville. This regiment was recruited in September, 1862, under the call of the President for three hundred thousand nine months' men. The camp was at Wenliam, Mass., and was known as